XVIII . Подготовьте пересказ текста “ B ” на английском языке.

XIX. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в форме страдательного залога (Passive Voice) прошедшего времени. Подготовьте пересказ текста на английском языке.

As of 1975, handguns … (to use) in 51 percent of all murders which … (to commit) in the United States. Knives … (to use) in 20 percent of all murders, shotguns in 8 percent, and personal weapons such as rocks and bottles in 9 percent. Six percent of murders … (to commit) by miscellaneous methods, and another six percent by poisoning. This, however, may be a deceptive statistic, as it is estimated that 64 percent of all murders by poisoning go undetected.

_______________

by miscellaneous methods – зд. другими способами

poisoning – отравление

a deceptive statistic - неверная информация, обманчивая статистика

it is estimated – зд. по различным оценкам

go undetected – остаются нераскрытыми

XX. Прочтите и перескажите своим друзьям на английском языке следующие шутки и любопытные исторические факты:

Riggs: Where is your father now?

Biggs: Father is with the FBI now... they caught him in Chicago.

Riggs: And what did he do?

Biggs: He made better bills than the government. George Washington looked ten years younger in them.

* * *

Believe it or not, but…

…during the American revolution, more inhabitants of the American colonies fought for the British than for the Continental Army.

…America purchased Alaska from Russia for $7,200,000 – about 2 cents an acre.

…the area sold by France to the United States in the Louisiana Purchase was first offered to England, who refused it. The price paid by the United States for the land, some 100 million acres, averaged out to 4 cents an acre.

_______________

an inhabitant - житель

to fight (fought – fought) – сражаться

to purchase - купить

to offer – предложить

to refuse – отказаться

to average – в среднем равняться

* * *

“Where were you on the afternoon of the 16^th?”

“With a couple of my friends.”

“Thieves, probably.”

“Yes, sir – lawyers, both of them.”

 

 

UNIT 8

LAW AND MORAL

Active vocabulary

to reflect and promote society’s values - отражать и обеспечивать  ценности/ценностные категории общества

traditional ideas of right and wrong - традиционное понимание добра и зла

a legal system - правовая система

illegal - незаконный

to influence – влиять

belief – вера

to achieve а goal – достигать цели

to protect human rights - защищать права человека

to promote fairness – обеспечивать справедливость

to resolve conflicts – разрешать конфликты

to promote order and stability - обеспечивать порядок и стабильность

to protect the environment - защищать окружающую среду

to present the will of the majority – представлять волю большинства

to protect the rights of minorities – защищать права меньшинств

to give preference to minorities (over whites) – отдавать предпочтение меньшинствам (а не белым)

to give preference to women (over men) - отдавать предпочтение женщинам (а не мужчинам)

to involve – включать в себя

to balance rights with responsibilities - сбалансировать права и обязанности

to deal with (dealt, dealt) – иметь дело с (чем-либо/кем-либо)

accumulation, preservation, use and distribution of wealth - накопление, сохранение, использование и распределение богатств

to reflect the relationship between... – отражать взаимоотношения между...

to concern issues - касаться вопросов

protection of property - защита собственности

to combine - соединять

нарушать законы.

to violate – нарушать (закон)

а statute – закон, статут

 

I. Прочтите и переведите текст “А”.

 

Text A

LAW AND MORAL

Laws generally reflect and promote the society’s values. Our society’s traditional ideas of right and wrong influence our legal system. The laws against murder, for example, reflect the moral belief that killing another person is wrong. However, not everything that is immoral is illegal. We think that our legal system will achieve many goals. These include 1) protecting basic human rights, 2) promoting fairness, 3) helping resolve conflicts, 4) promoting order and stability, 5) protecting the environment, 6) presenting the will of the majority, and 7) protecting the rights of minorities.

Many of the society’s most difficult problems involve conflicts among these goals. For example, some laws give preference to minorities over the whites or to women over men. Laws must balance rights with responsibilities, the will of the majorities, the need for order with the need for basic freedom.

Laws can be based on moral, economic, political or social values. Economic values deal with the accumulation, preservation, use and distribution of wealth. Political values reflect the relationship between the government and individuals.

Social values concern issues that are important to the society. Many laws combine moral, economic, political and social values. Laws against theft, for example, deal with the moral issue of stealing, the economic issue of protection of property, the political issue of how government punishes those who violate criminal statutes, and the social issue of respecting the property of others.

 

II. Переведите следующие словосочетания с английского языка на русский:

to promote the society’s values, ideas of right and wrong, to influence the legal system, laws against murder, to reflect the moral belief, to achieve many goals, to protect human rights, to resolve conflicts, to promote order, to protect the environment, to present the will of the majority, to balance rights with responsibilities, the need for basic freedom, social values, to deal with distribution of wealth, relationship between the government and individuals, to concern issues, protection of property, to violate criminal statutes, to respect the property of others.