Как образуется:
II форма глагола, т.е. глагол+окончание –ed (правильные глаголы), либо II форма неправильного глагола.
To work – worked to tell - told
Вопросительная и отрицательная форма образуются с помощью вспомогательного глагола «did».
Did I work? Did we work?
Did you work? Did you work?
He Did they work?
Did { she } work?
it
I (you, he, she, it, we, they) didn’t work.
Когда употребляется:
1. Наличие обстоятельств времени yesterday (вчера), last (прошедший, прошлый) или иных.
He visited doctor last week. - На прошлой неделе он был у врача.
I met him when I studied at the University. - Я встретила его, когда училась в университете.
2. Действие произошло в прошлом без каких-либо условий.
I knew you would come. - Я знала, что ты придешь.
3. Последовательность действий.
He took the taxi, asked to stop at the Time Square, looked through the window etc. - Он взял такси, попросил остановить на Тайм Сквер, посмотрел в окно и т.д.
Future Simple - Будущее Простое
Как образуется:
Will (shall) + I форма глагола.
I (you, he, she, it, we, they) will work
Вопросительная форма образуется путем инверсии
Will I (you, he, she, it, we, they) work?
Отрицательная форма
I (you, he, she, it, we, they) will not (won’t) work.
Когда употребляется:
Действие произойдет в будущем.
Употребляется с временными маркерами tomorrow, next, либо указан срок.
I will write to you tomorrow. - Напишу тебе завтра.
He will visit us in 3 weeks. - Он навестит нас через 3 недели.
Употребление и перевод времен Simple Tenses (Active)
Время
| Модели сказуемых
| Выражает
| Переводится
| Примеры
|
Present
|
V (без to) для всех лиц кроме 3-го лица ед.ч.
V + -s(-es)
| Действие, обычно повторяющееся, не ограниченное временными рамками
|
Настоящим временем
| I
You
We
They
He
She
It
| interview witnesses and interrogate criminals at our practice
|
interviews witnesses and interrogate criminals at our practice
|
Past
|
V + -ed
| Однократное или повторяющееся действие, имевшее место в прошлом
| Прошедшим временем совершенного или несовершенного вида
| I
You
He
She
It
We
They
| interviewed witnesses and interrogated criminals at our practice last year
|
Future
|
shall
will + V (без to)
| Однократное или повторяющееся действие, которое произойдет в будущем
| Будущем временем совершенного или несовершенного вида
|
I
You
He
She
It
They
| shall
| interview witnesses and interrogate criminals at our practice next year
|
will
|
Неправильные глаголы
Infinitive
| Past Simple
| Past Participle
|
Неопределенная
форма глагола
| Прошедшее время
| Причастие прошедшего времени
|
Be
beat
become
begin
bend
bite
blow
break
bring
burn
build
buy
can
catch
choose
come
cost
cut
do
draw
dream
drink
drive
eat
fall
feed
feel
fight
find
fly
forget
forgive
freeze
get
give
go
grow
hang
have
hear
hide
hit
hold
hurt
keep
know
lay
lead
learn
leave
lend
let
lie
lose
make
mean
meet
pay
put
read
ride
ring
rise
run
say
see
sell
send
set
shine
shoot
show
shut
sing
sink
sit
sleep
smell
speak
spell
spend
spread
stand
steal
sweep
swim
swing
take
teach
tear
tell
think
throw
understand
wake
wear
win
write
| was/were
beat
became
began
bent
bit
blew
broke
brought
burnt
built
bought
could
caught
chose
came
cost
cut
did
drew
dreamt
drank
drove
ate
fell
fed
felt
fought
found
flew
forgot
forgave
froze
got
gave
went
grew
hung
had
heard
hid
hit
held
hurt
kept
knew
laid
led
learnt
left
lent
let
lay
lost
made
meant
met
paid
put
read
rode
rang
rose
ran
said
saw
sold
sent
set
shone
shot
showed
shut
sang
sank
sat
slept
smelt
spoke
spelt
spent
spread
stood
stole
swept
swam
swung
took
taught
tore
told
thought
threw
understood
woke
wore
won
wrote
| Been
beaten
become
begun
bent
bitten
blow
broken
brought
burnt
built
bought
(been able)
caught
chosen
come
cost
cut
done
drawn
dreamt
drunk
driven
eaten
fallen
fed
felt
fought
found
flown
forgotten
forgiven
frozen
got
given
gone (been)
grown
hung
had
heard
hidden
hit
held
hurt
kept
known
laid
led
learnt
left
lent
let
lain
lost
made
meant
met
paid
put
read
ridden
rung
risen
run
said
seen
sold
sent
set
shone
shot
shown
shut
sung
sunk
sat
slept
smelt
spoken
spelt
spent
spread
stood
stolen
swept
swum
swung
taken
taught
torn
told
thought
thrown
understood
woken
worn
won
written
|
Exercises
1. Поставьте глаголы в The Past и The Future Indefinite, употребляя соответствующие индикаторы.
1. He plays tennis twice a week. 2. She learns French and German. 3. We keep our car in the garage. 4. They often make mistakes. 5. I help my mother about the house. 6. They do their shopping every day. 7. We go to the University by metro. 8. The classes begin at. 9. I stay at school till 2 o'clock. 10. If often rains in October. 11. Tom gets excellent marks in English.