Прошедшее совершенно-продолженное время

THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

У п о т р е б л е н и е.

 

Past Perfect Continuous обозначает:

1) Действие, которое началось до определенного момента (или

другого действия) в прошлом и продолжалось в этот момент (или одновременно с этим другим действием). Такие предложения обычно содержат указания продолжительности действия типа for twohours (в течение двух часов), since 5 o'clock (с пяти часов), since Icame home (с тех пор, как я пришел домой).

Eg.:

He said he had been working Он сказал, что работает с утра.

since morning.

He had been sleeping fo r two hours Он спал уже два часа, когда

when we came. мы пришли.

 

2) Действие, которое началось и длилось до другого действия в

прошлом, но одновременно с ним уже не происходило.

Eg.: I took the book which he Я взял книгу, которую он

had been reading. читал.

Past Perfect Continuous употребляется с такими же указателями времени, как и Present Perfect Continuous: since, for.

Eg.:

I had been playing football for an hour Я играл в футбол уже час,

when Mother called me home. когда мама позвала меня

домой.

They had been working at this problem Они работали над этой

since 1997 until they got results. проблемой с 1997, пока не

получили результаты.

 

О б р а з о в а н и е.

Утвердительная форма.

Past Perfect Continuous образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в форме Past Perfect (had been) и смыслового глагола в 4-й форме (основа + - ing).

had been + V ing

He had been working.

We had been working.

 

Отрицательная форма.

Образуется при помощи добавления отрицательной частицы not к первому вспомогательному глаголу had.

Eg.: I had not been working.

They had not been working.

Вопросительная форма.

Образуется путем перестановки первого вспомогательного глагола had и подлежащего - вспомогательный глагол ставится на первое место перед подлежащим.

Eg.: Had she been working?

Had you been working?

На русский язык Past Perfect Continuous переводится прошедшим временем несовершенным видом.

 

У П Р А Ж Н Е Н И Я

 

Упр.135. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на разницу в переводе и употреблении Present и Past Perfect Continuous.

1. When the director came into the classroom the pupils had already been

writing their compositions for half an hour. 2. They have been playing chess since ten o'clock. 3. We have been preparing for the coming examinations for the whole semester. 4. She has been playing the piano for three hours. 5. He has been learning English at school for five years and now he is learning at the Institute. 6. She has been sleeping since yesterday. I think she is ill. 7. I was late and when I entered the hall the professor had already been speaking for half an hour.

Упр.137. Прочитайте ситуации и составьте предложения с Past Perfect Continuous, используя слова в скобках.

Model: I was very tired when I arrived home. (to work all day long)

…I had been working all day long.

1. The two boys came into the house. Their clothes looked dirty. (to play football in the yard)

2. There was nobody in the room but there was a smell of cigarettes. (somebody \ to smoke in the room)

3. Ann woke up in the middle of the night. She was frightened and did not know where she was. (to have a bad night dream)

4. When I got home Mike was sitting in front of TV. He had just turned it off. (to watch TV)

5. Bill's lips were dirty. (to eat blackberries)

6. When he went out, the sun was shining but the ground was wet. (to rain)

7. Ken gave up (бросил) smoking two years ago. (to smoke for ten years)

8. When the boys came into house their hair was untidy and one of them had a black eye. (to fight)

 

Упр. 139. Поставьте глагол в скобках во времена Present Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect или Past Perfect Continuous.

1. Ann is sitting on the ground. She is out of breath. She (to run). 2. Where is my bag? I left it under this chair. Somebody (to take) it? 3. We were all surprised when Dick and Helen got married. They only (to know) each other for a week. 4. It's still raining. I wish it would stop. It (to rain) for the whole day. 5. I wasn't hungry at lunchtime, so I didn't have anything to eat: I (to eat) a big breakfast. 6. Every year Bob and Alice spend a few days at the same hotel by the sea. They (to go) there for three years. 7. I've got a headache. I (to have) it since I got up. 8. Next week Jerry is going to run a marathon. He (to train) very hard for it.