Eg.: If I hadn’t been so tired yesterday, Если бы я не был таким

I would have played with you. уставшим вчера, я бы с

Тобой поиграл.

 

в) Условие относится к прошлому, а следствие – к настоящему.

 

Eg.: If you had taken your medicine Если бы ты принял вчера

yesterday, you would be лекарство, ты бы сегодня

well today. чувствовал себя хорошо.

г) Условие относится к неопределенному периоду времени, а следствие – к прошлому.

 

Eg.: If he were not so absent-minded Если бы он не был таким

he wouldn’t have missed his train рассеянным, он бы вчера

yesterday. не опоздал на поезд.

Запомните!

1) В придаточных предложениях, выражающих нереальное условие, возможен вспомогательный глагол “should”. Такие предложения переводятся на русский язык как “Если бы случилось так …” “Случись так, что…”

Eg.: If he should come, ask him Случись так что он придет,

to call me. попроси его позвонить мне.

 

2) Придаточные условные часто вводятся без союза. При этом в них используется обратный порядок слов.

 

Eg.: Had I time, I would do it. Будь у меня время, я бы сделал это.

 

У П Р А Ж Н Е Н И Я

 

Упр. 101. Проанализируйте форму инфинитива в данных предложениях. Переведите на русский язык.

1. If only I could have learnt it a day earlier! 2. If only he knew how near he was to the correct answer! 3. If only they had known the kind of a man he was! 4. If only we were a few years younger! 5. If she had been with us! 6. Oh, were he only stronger-willed!

 

Упр. 102. Раскройте скобки, употребив нужную форму сослагательного наклонения.

1. If only we (to give) the idea to him in time! 2. Oh, if only he (not to be) late yesterday! 3. If only it (to be) true! 4. If you (can) help her! 5. Oh, if only I (to realize) the importance of it before! 6. If there (to be) the slightest possibility!

 

Упр. 103. Прочитайте предложения, переведите на русский язык.

1. I wish I knew how to drive a car. 2. I wish it were a holiday today. 3. He wished he could speak English. 4. They wish they had been told about this case. 5. I wish my tooth weren’t aching. 6. I wish the teacher hadn’t given us so much homework. 7. She wished he hadn’t married that girl. 8. I wish the vase hadn’t been broken. 9. He wishes he had more money. 10. I wish he had been asked about it.

 

Упр. 104. Раскройте скобки, употребив соответствующую форму инфинитива.

1. They wish you (to read) more. 2. I wish I (to know) Spanish. 3. I wish I (not to drink) so much coffee in the evening; I couldn’t sleep half the night. 4. I wish I never (to suggest) this idea. 5. I wish I (to be) at the party yesterday. 6. I wish we (to meet) again next summer. 7. Don’t you wish you (to know) the truth? 8. They wished they (not to see) that horrible scene again. 9. The student wished he (not to forget) to learn the text before the lesson. 10. I wish I (to have) a season ticket to the concerts next winter. 11. I wish I (to consult) a doctor in time. 12. I love sunny weather, I wish it (to be) warm all the year round. 13. I wish I (not to lend) Hick my watch, he has broken it. 14. I wish you (to send) a telegram as soon as you arrive. 15. I wish I (not to have) to do my homework every day. 16. I wish you (to go) skiing with me yesterday.

 

Упр. 105. Перифразируйте предложения, употребляя “I wish…”

1. It’s a pity you are not with us these days. 2. My friend regrets not having entered the University. 3. He was sorry not to have had enough time to finish his report. 4. It’s a pity we shan’t be able to reach home before night. 5. I am sorry I made you upset by telling you this news. 6. What a pity you don’t know enough English! 7. Unfortunately they won’t return before Christmas. 8. The student was sorry he had not studied the material better and had got a bad mark. 9. It is a pity that you didn’t send for us last night. 10. I’m sorry you can’t swim. 11. I regret you haven’t seen this film. 12. Why did you come so late last night?

 

Упр. 106. Добавьте к каждому предложению другое, начинающееся со слов “I wish…” Используйте слова в скобках.

1. The shoes I bought last month are too small for me. (a bigger pair). 2. I sat at the back of the hall and couldn't hear the speech quite well. (sit closer). 3. I was late this morning: I didn't wake up until eight o'clock. (earlier). 4. I went to bed very late last night and now I am sleepy. (so late). 5. I could only answer three questions at the last exams. (all of them). 6. We went for a picnic yesterday but it rained all the time. (so hard). 7. I was lazy and wasted my time when I was at school. (harder). 8. I didn't understand what he said yesterday. (louder). 9. I made stupid mistakes in the last test. (more attentive). 10. My father gave me some good advice but I didn't take it. (his advice).

 

Упр. 107. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя “I wish…”

1. a) Жаль, что вы пришли так поздно. б) Жаль, что вы не пришли раньше.

2. а) Обидно, что мы ушли до его прихода. б) Обидно, что мы не дождались его прихода.

3. а) К сожалению, они еще ничего не знают. б) К сожалению, они уже знают об этом.

4. а) Жаль, что он такой легкомысленный (light-minded). б) Жаль, что он недостаточно серьезен.

5. а) Я теперь жалею, что не послушал его совета. б) Я теперь жалею, что последовал его совету.

 

Упр. 108. Раскройте скобки, употребив сослагательное наклонение.

 

1. It is time you (to understand) it is a serious matter. 2. It is high time that you (to get down) to business. 3. It's about time we (to leave). 4. It's high time you (to change) your opinion about her. 5. Isn't it time the rain (to stop)? 6. It is about time he (to express) his point of view. 7. You are still sleeping, aren't you? It's high time you (to have) dinner. 8. You are not a child. It's time you (to feel) some responsibility. 9. Look, the flowers have dropped their heads. Isn't it time they (to water)? 10. Dinner is ready. It is time we (to sit down) to table. 11. Why aren't they back yet? It is high time they (to return).

 

Упр. 109. Перифразируйте предложения, используя сослагательное наклонение.

1. It is necessary to put an end to this talk. 2. You do not seem to realize the importance of the matter. 3. Why can't you express such simple things in English yet? 4. If you don't want your illness to become serious you should consult a doctor as soon as possible. 5. You must begin reading books in the original. 6. It is time for everybody to have come. 7. It is about time for the rain to start. 8. It is high time for the group to begin working harder. 9. It is time for her to understand that she is no longer a child. 10. It is about time for you to start your research.

 

Упр. 110. Раскройте скобки, употребив соответствующую форму сослагательного наклонения.

1. She sat in the armchair as if the last energy (to leave) her. 2. They talked as if they (to know) each other for many years. 3. She seemed greatly surprised as though she never (to see) anything of the kind before. 4. He looked as if he (not to be interested) in what was going on around him. 5. They spoke about the book as if they both (to be) the authors and (to write) it. 6. He felt awkward as if everybody (to look) at him. 7. He looked as though he (to be going) to say something. 8. She said this as if she (to be) a great authority in this matter. 9. The book was so dirty and worn out as though it (to be published) a hundred years ago. 10. It was as though nothing (to happen).