В. Обратный порядок слов употребляется в эмфатических предложениях, вводимых союзами so, neither или nor.

a). В предложениях с союзом so сказуемое представлено или глаголом-связкой, или глаголом-заместителем, или модальным глаголом. Союз so переводится (а) также и, при этом повторяется сказуемое предыдущего предложения.

Model:

б). В предложениях с союзами neither или nor сказуемое часто бывает представлено полностью. Союзы neither и nor переводятся (а) также не, и не, причем отрицание относится к глаголу.

Model:

Запомните значения следующих союзов и наречий, требующих обратного порядка слов:

not only… but (also)	- не только … но и
not alone … but	- не только …, но
hardly... when	- едва... как
scarcely... when
nо sooner... than	- как только
only	- только
never	- никогда
nowhere	- нигде
neither	- и не; а также не
nor
so	- а также; и

Exercise 2. Translate into Russian.

A.

1. Not only does chlorine unite with gaseous hydrogen, but it will sometimes take hydrogen from other elements. 2. Nowhere can we see such rapid progress as in radio engineering. 3. Only upon the adsorption of larger amounts was the sensitivity again lowered. 4. No sooner has the current started running in one direction than back it comes again. 5. Of great significance, however, is the fact that a few of particles are deflected through large angles. 6. Perhaps never was the making of an important invention shared by so many persons distributed so widely over the world. 7. Not only are the chondriosomes concerned in the formation of fibrils, plastids and the like, but they play an important role in heredity also. 8. Never before did he defend his ideas with such strength and conviction. 9. In no instance did we observe more than two ganglion cells joined together. 10. Not only has it been held that there is a certain relation between the mass of the nucleus and that of the cytoplasm, but there also seems to be a relation between the size of the nucleus and the number of chromosomes. 11. In none of these experiments were the isomers of methionine tested in the presence and absence of norleucine. 12. Not until 1958 have some articles brought information concerning microsomes, both from a biochemical and a morphological viewpoint.

B.

1. Correlative with the conception of a system of planes is that of a system of great circles. 2. Surrounding this nucleus are electrons, the actual number depending upon the atom being considered. 3. Included in this table are currents calculated on the supposition that the entire effect is due to ionization by collision of negative ions only. 4. Belonging to this class are all elastomeric substances. 5. Surrounding the striated part at irregular intervals are small, double-membrane tubes. 6. Particularly important in this connection are the irregularities likely to develop during this process. 7. Related to these states of natural or artificial anabiosis is the hibernation, particularly widespread among insects and vertebrates. 8. Of special interest is the case in which eggs have been observed to differentiate into swimming larvae. 9. Presented in the table are the results obtained recently with the electron microscope. 10. Noteworthy in this connection are certain experiments on amoebae. 11. Very significant in this connection is the fact that there is a definite relation between physiological gradients and electrical polarity. 12. Of the highest importance are the results of attempts to maintain the cells and tissues of higher animals in the living condition in artificial cultural media.

C.

1. Lever J moves upwards, so does lever M. 2. Carbon dioxide does not burn, nor does it support combustion. 3. The Moon having no atmosphere, there can be no wind, neither can there be any noise, for sound is carried by the air. 4. It is incorrect to say that an element is that which cannot be broken up into anything simpler. Nor can the electron be regarded as a chemical element. 5. The ancients had no knowledge of stellar distances, neither was there then any means by which they could determine them. 6. The human sperm cell contains 23 chromosomes so does the egg cell. 7. Some animals emit radiant energy as light and so do some insects. 8. The present and past are equally important in zoo-geography. Neither can they be considered separately. 9. After this treatment no loss in activity occurred, nor could a decrease in weight be observed by heating at 105⁰ C for several hours. 10. Insects cannot see nearly so far as we can, nor form such clear-cut images but their eyes may be very efficient for specialized needs, such as catching quick-moving prey. 11. Sand dunes are vegetated by the coming together or aggregation of individual plants; so are shallow ponds or dried lake bottoms.