Find the participle in the text and define its function

Translate the following sentences paying attention to the participle

1. The girl is finishing her work. 2. The work is being finished by the girl. 3. The girl finishing her work is my sister. 4. Finishing her work, the girl spoke to her friend. 5. The work having been finished, the students went home. 6. Having finished her work, the girl went out. 7. Having been finished in time, the work was given to the teacher. 8. My brother finished his work, his friend helped him.

 

 

Compare A and B and define the function of the participle

Model:                  A                                                         B

Having brought the dictionaries from the The dictionaries having been brought

library, the students began to translate     from the library, the students began to

the article.                                                 Translate the article.

(a) Having finished my translation, I gave it to the teacher.

(b) The translation having been finished, I gave it to the teacher.

(a) Having finished the experiment, the students left the laboratory.

(b) The experiment having been finished, the students left the laboratory.

 

Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Absolute Participle Construction

1. An object losing its potential energy, that energy is turned into kinetic energy. 2. Water falling from its raised position, energy is changed from potential to kinetic. 3. My friend was reading an English article, his brother watching TV. 4. Electrical devices find a wide application in every house, a refrigerator being one of them. 5. There being a hydroelectric station at the waterfall, the energy of the falling water is used to drive the turbines. 6. The energy sources of the world decreasing, the scientists must find new sources of energy. 7. There are different sources of energy, the sun being an unlimited source of all its forms. 8. Industrial applications of energy increasing, more and more energy is needed every year.

 

Give short answers to the following questions

1. Can one form of energy be changed into another form? 2. Does a generator produce mechanical energy? 3. Is the sun an unlimited source of energy? 4. Can we employ solar energy directly? 5. Have scientists transformed solar energy into electric energy? 6. Is potential energy the energy of motion? 7. Do we need more and more electric energy every year? 8. Are there various forms of energy? 9. Do you use electric energy every day? 10. Can the energy of falling water be used to drive the turbines? 11. Is kinetic energy the energy of position?

 

Form questions for the following short answers

Model: Is the sun an unlimited source of energy? – Yes, it is.

1. Yes, he does.     6. No, there are not.

2. No, we do not.   7. Yes, she must.

3. No, they cannot. 8. Yes, there is.

4. Yes, I did.          9. No, you may not.

5. No, it is not.      10. Yes, I shall.

 

Translate the following sentences

1. Падающая вода может приводить в действие турбину. 2. Говоря об энергии, мы могли бы упомянуть потенциальную и кинетическую энергию. 3. Работая в лаборатории, студент пользовался электрическими приборами. 4. Прочитав второй урок, мы начали переводить его. 5. Химические источники тока находят ограниченное применение в промышленности.

 

State the energy change that takes place in each of the following devices

Model: Motor changes electrical energy into mechanical energy.

1. generator, 2. lamp, 3. battery, 4. washing machine, 5. electric furnace, 6. vacuum cleaner, 7. Semiconductor

 

Retell the text

UNIT 6

The Gerund

Герундий представляет собой неличную глагольную форму, выражающую название действия и обладающую как свойствами существительного, так и свойствами глагола. В русском языке соответствующая форма отсутствует.

 

    Герундий имеет формы времени и залога:

The form	Active	Passive
Simple Gerund	reading	being read (3 ф.)
Perfect Gerund	having read (3 ф.)	having been read (3 ф.)

        

Simultaneous action	Prior action
Simple Gerund Active Simple Gerund Passive	Perfect Gerund Active Perfect Gerund Passive

 

E.g.: I am surprised at hearing this Я удивлен слышать это.

   I don’t remember having seen him before. Я не помню, чтобы я его раньше видел.

Признаки герундия

Перед герундием (в отличие от причастия) могут стоять:

1. предлог (by, in, of, without, on, instead of, in addition to, for, after, before и др.): Excuse me for being so late. Извините, что я так опоздал.

2. притяжательное местоимение (my, your, her, his, its, our, their): I don’t mind your going there. Я не против того, чтобы ты туда пошел.

3. существительное в притяжательном падеже: I don’t mind Peter ’ s going there Я не против того, чтобы Петр туда пошел.