Раздел 3. Британская и американская кухни.

Содержание учебного материала

Лексика: Слова, клише и выражения по темам:

Тема 3.1 Британская кухня

Тема 3.2 Американская кухня.

Грамматика: Future Simple Tense. Конструкция to be going to. Степени сравнения прилагательных. Многозначность глаголов: shall, will, would.

Фонетика: Закрепление основных интонационных моделей предложения.

Методические указания по изучению раздела 3.

Прочитайте и устно переведите текст на русский язык.

British Cuisine

There is no cuisine in the world about which there are as many jokes as there are about British cooking. Particularly the French are great in making jokes about British cuisine. For example, according to one French comic, hell is a place where the cooks are British.

Or do you know why the British serve mint sauce with lamb? Ac­cording to French food critics, mint must be the only plant not eaten by sheep.

Of course, these all are exaggerations. The British bear them with their superior sense of humour.

British cuisine cannot present so many internationally renowned dishes as French cuisine does. But British cuisine has contributed a lot to the world's steak culture, and there are a number of inventions in British cuisine which are even adopted by the French — as for example the creation of sandwiches.

As for steaks, that has in the past been so British that British elite troops were called Beefeaters. And the term porterhouse for a special large kind of steak cuts has nothing to do with porters or luggage carriers but originates from British pubs where a special brand of dark beer, Porterbeer, was served, and where a snack consisted of a steak some 900 grams by weight — a single portion for a single man.

It's a character trait of the British not to be proud of their cuisine too much. In case of their foods and drinks, the British learnt a lot from the colonies conquered by the beefeaters all around the world. From East Asia (China) they adopted tea (and reexported the habit to India), and from India they adopted curry-style spicing.

However, they didn't just copy these food and drink habits but com­bined them with their own foodstuffs: tea with milk and curry with pastry (to make curried pies).

Словарь к тексту

hell ад

exaggeration преувеличение

renowned известный

creation создание

adopt перенимать,

заимствовать

elite элитный

troop войско

Beefeaters бифитеры, «мясоеды» (прозвище дворцовой стражи или стражников лондонского Тауэра)

porterhouse стейк из говядины

высокого качества

cut вырезка, филе

pub пивная, трактир, таверна

brand сорт

porter крепкое темное

горькое пиво

trait черта (характера)

conquered завоеванный,

захваченный

habit привычка

curry карри (острая индийская приправа из куркумы и др. пряностей), блюдо, приправленное карри

Лексические упражнения

1. Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты к следующим словам и словосочетаниям:

шутить; единственное растение; превосходное чувство юмора; блюда, признанные во всем мире; изобретение; элитные войска; весом 900 граммов; характерная черта; они заимствовали чай; не только переняли эти привычки

2. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту:

1. What did one French comic say about British cuisine?

2. Why do you think the British serve mint sauce with lamb?

3. There are a lot of jokes about British cuisine. How do they bear them?

4. Do you know inventions of British cuisine?

5. British cuisine has contributed a lot to the world steak culture, hasn't it?

6. Can you translate the word beefeater?

7. Are the British proud of their cuisine?

8. What did the British adopt from East Asia (China)?

9. Where did the British adopt curry-style spicing from?

10. The British didn't just copy food and drink habits from other countries, did they?

3. Прочитайте диалоги по ролям и переведите, используя лексику раздела:

English Breakfast

Sergey: Tania, have you had breakfast yet?

Tania: Oh yes. Mary cooks an English breakfast every morning.

Sergey: What has she done for breakfast today?

Tania: We have had boiled eggs, toasts, bread and butter, marmalade and tea.

Everything was delicious. I think there is nothing like an English breakfast.

Sergey: My breakfast at the hotel is always rolls and coffee.

Tania: Do you like English coffee?

Sergey: Oh no! English people can't make good coffee.

Tania: Yes, I enjoy English breakfast but their coffee is bad.

Sergey: Did you get used to English tea with milk?

Tania: Yes, and I prefer it to coffee.

Going to the Pub

Mary: John is going to take you out tonight.

Sergey: Where are we going to?

Mary: Would you like to go to a pub?

Sergey: To a pub? What's that?

Mary: Oh, you don't know what English pubs are? Pubs have been part of the

British way of life for years. We go to a pub to meet friends and have a chat.

Sergey: Is it like a cafe?

Mary: No, the cafe is a place where people go for a meal or a quick cup of tea. But

when you want to relax after a day's work and have your usual drink, you go to the

pub.

Sergey: Do they buy food?

Mary: Yes, you can also buy food in some pubs: they serve hot sausages, pork pie,

sandwiches or a ploughman's^[1] lunch, consisting of bread, cheese and pickles^[2].

Sergey: That's very interesting. Let's go to a pub.

Грамматические упражнения

1. Образуйте Future Simple из следующих предложений, внося необходимые изме­нения и дополняя их словами tomorrow, next Sunday, next month и т.п.:

Образец: Nick goes to the pool. – Nick will go to the pool tomorrow.

1. Henry invites many guests to his parties. 2. They travel in summer. 3.1 take my dog for a walk two times a day. 4. Mother cooks nice dinners. 5. We often discuss our plans. 6. She buys a new dress every month. 7. He goes shopping on Sunday. 8. I drink coffee. 9. In other cities we always visit interesting places. 10. My parents get up early.

2. Преобразуйте предложения в отрицательные:

Образец:

Nick will go to the pool tomorrow. – Nick won’t go to the pool tomorrow.

1. I'll get up early tomorrow. 2. We'll go shopping next weekend. 3. He'll come to work in time. 4. Mary will be late for the film. 5. I'll stay at home on Saturday. 6. They'll watch a new comedy on TV. 7. I'll buy provisions for my birthday party. 8. My mother will make a holiday dinner. 9. They will go to the restaurant tomorrow. 10. Ann will marry Bill in July.

3. Задайте к каждому предложению вопросы 4 типов:

Образец: Nick will go to the pool tomorrow. –

1)Will Nick go to the pool tomorrow?

2)Where will Nick go tomorrow?

3)Will Nick go to the pool or to the gym tomorrow?

4) Nick will go to the pool tomorrow, won’t he?

1. Kate will go to London next summer. 2. They will eat out tomorrow. 3. We would prefer English tea with milk to coffee. 4. John will go to the pub to meet his friends and have a chat. 5. Mary will cook several national dishes.

4. Преобразуйте предложения в вопросительные и отрицательные:

Образец: Nick is going to phone Liz.

Is Nick going to phone Liz? — No, Nick is not going to phone Liz.

1. My sister is going to have dinner out. 2. They are going to visit the Tretyakov Gallery. 3. I'm going to spend my summer holidays abroad. 4. We are going to discuss our plans tomorrow. 5. Mother is going to make breakfast at 8.

 

5. Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степени следующих прилагательных:

а) Образец: a cold day — a colder day — the coldest day

a long nose, a clever child, an old man, a big shop, funny stories, a hot pie, warm dishes.

б) Образец: a beautiful girl — a more beautiful girl — the most beautiful girl

a handsome boy, an interesting book, wonderful days, an expensive restaurant, an intelligent woman, a difficult question.

в) Образец: a good student — a better student — the best student

bad food, good friends, a bad nut, a good day.

6. Преобразуйте прилагательные в скобках в нужную форму:

1. The 22nd of December is the (short) day of the year. 2. Ann is the (good) student at our faculty. 3. My mother is (young) than my father. 4. The days in summer are (long) than in winter. 5. It is the (bad) day in my life. 6. She is a very (beautiful) girl. 7. The Ostankino Tower is the (high) tower in Europe. 8. It is (high) than Eiffel Tower. 9. Your car is (expensive) than mine. 10. This is the (clever) man I've ever known. 11. She is the (beautiful) woman I've ever seen. 12. The situation is even (bad) than I expected.