I . Выделите герундий в функции подлежащего. Переведите предложения

 

1. Using a dictionary we can translate any technical article on our speciality.

2. Using symbols in mathematics is customary.

3. Solving such a problem is not an easy task.

4. Solving that problem he carried on a very serious scientific research.

5. Playing chess we did not notice when he came in.

6. Playing chess is his favourite occupation.

7. Walking, riding, flying, dancing and sailing are familiar examples of motion.

8. Knowing the physical properties of all the substances is very Important to the chemist.

9. Reading this article ho looked up several words in a dictiona­ry.

10. Reading aloud improves your pronunciation.

 

II. Выделите предложения о герундием в функции определе­ния. Переведите предложения

1. Не is proud of having been awarded the order.

2. I don't like the idea of discussing this theme at the next lesson.

3. I think of going to the South this summer.

4. There are various ways of charging a body with electricity.

5. He heard of using these data for constructing the device.

6. Soviet scientists have developed a new method of producing electric power.

7. I heard of his being in Moscow just now.

8. We have a chance for solving some important problems.

9. The problem of storing energy has not yet been solved.

 

III. Назовите предложения с герундием в роли именной части составного сказуемого

1. For over и year they are making various observations.

2. Our aim is becoming good engineers.

3. The main function of a transformer is changing voltage in the circuit.

4. Explorers are learning to live on the ice continent.

5. Their purpose is exploring Antarctica.

6. Work is done when a force is acting over a distance.

 

IV. Переведите предложения

 

1. In solving problems it is necessary to distinguish between fact and hypothesis.

2. On returning to his native country he worked as an architect for several years.

3. By using this device we can make many experiments.

4. Tsiolkovsky understood that without mastering mathematic he would be unable to solve the most important problems of space flight.

5. They came here before finishing their work.

6. After studying the theory we can make experiments.

7. The temperature of a body increases with heating and decreases with cooling.

8. Besides being important for industry oxygen is also important for medicine.

9. Instead of coming in time he was late for about an.

 

V. Предложения переведите, обращая внимание на герундий

 

1. They continued testing until the sample was destroyed.

2. Various methods of cooling transformers are used in practice.

3. I know of  her having studied English some time ago.

4. His main occupation was studying properties of some conductors.

5. Connecting the motors constantly in parallel has some advantages.

6. The engineer insists on those devices being a new step in the development of technique.

7. This phenomenon results in decreasing voltage.

8. The constructor informed us of establishing a new record of nonstop flight.

9. His having answered so well surprised everybody.

10. I remember having made that experiment last week.

11. On receiving successful results he carried out various experiments of this kind.                                                                             

12. Carrying out this test successfully was helped by the careful investigations of outstanding scientists.

13. On being heated to a high temperature any body becomes a source of light.                                                                                   

14. We know of copper having been used as a conductor owing its characteristics.

15. He preferred playing basketball.

16. We know of aluminium being used in many industries.

17. Sechenov’s having published his "Notes on Man’s Motions at Work" in 1901 opened up a new branch of science.

18.There were other ways of applying high voltages.

19.The possibility of chemical energy being transformed into electric energy is evident.

20.They began observing the process of welding.

21. I know of my friend's reading English books on space flights.

22. Mary Curie's having discovered radium enabled her to isolate other radioactive elements.

23. Plants are useful sources of energy thanks to their storing the sun's radiation in chemical form.

24. Without knowing chemistry it is difficult to make clear distinctions between chemical and physical properties.

25. In spite of everybody's being tired it was decided to finish the work.

26. There is a hope of our getting a complete analysis of the measurements during 10 days.

 

THE   INFINITIVE

(ИНФИНИТИВ)

 

Инфинитив (неопределенная форма, глагола.) - это неличная форма глагола, которая выражает действие безотносительно к лицу и числу.

Формальный признак инфинитива - частица "to" (to ask, to write).

 

Информация I

 

Формы инфинитива.

Выражает действие, одновременное с действием, выраженным глаголом-сказуемым		Active	Passive
	Indefinite	to write	to be written
	Continuous	to be writing	-
Выражают действие, предшествовавшее действию, выраженному глаголом-сказуемым	Perfect	to have written	To have been written
	Perfect Continuous	to have been writing	-

 

I want to help you. - Я хочу помочь вам.

I want to be helped. - Я хочу, чтобы мне помогли.

The professor is glad to see his former students. - Профессор рад видеть своих прежних студентов.

The professor is glad to have seen his former students. - Профес­сор рад, что повидал своих прежних студентов.

Не is proud to be working with this famous scientist. - Он гор­дится тем, что работает с этим известным ученым.

Не is proud to have been working with this famous scientist for many years. - Он гордится тем, что проработал с этим известным ученым много лет.