D. Read the following dialogues and dramatize them.

At the Airport

 

Vocabulary 1.

to go on business – ездить в командировку

air travel – путешествие самолетом

international flights – международные рейсы

domestic flights – внутренние рейсы

to complete (to go through) the airport formalities – завершить формальности в аэропорту

to register tickets – зарегистрировать билет

to weigh and register the luggage (baggage) – взвесить, зарегистрировать багаж

a free luggage (baggage) allowance – допустимая норма багажа для бесплатного

провоза

excess luggage – «лишний вес» (багаж сверх нормы)

to carry free of charge – брать в самолет бесплатно

a boarding pass – посадочный талон

a luggage tag – багажная бирка

landing formalities – формальности в аэропорту назначения

to disembark – выходить из самолета

officials – служащие аэропорта

to check one’s passport & visa – проверить паспорт и визу

window seat – место у окна

aisle seat – место у прохода

gangway (central aisle) – проход в самолете

to fasten seat belts – привязать ремни безопасности

an airhostess (a stewardess) – стюардесса

a reclining seat – откидывающееся кресло

a folding table – откидывающийся столик

life - jacket – жилет безопасности

departure lounge – зал отправления

arrivals lounge – зал прибытия

departure gate (boarding) – выход на посадку

to cancel the flight – отметить рейс

the flight is delayed – рейс задерживается

to take off – взлетать

to land – приземляться

to feel airsick – чувствовать себя плохо в самолете

transfer passengers – транзитные пассажиры

a transfer/transmit lounge – зал для транзитных пассажиров

baggage claim area (baggage reclaim) – зал, выдача багажа

time difference (jetlag) – разница во времени

to put the watch … hours back (forward) – переведите часы на … часов назад (вперед)

information desk – справочное бюро

 

A. Read the text & do the given tasks after it. Make active use of the above given vocabulary.

 

Airport Formalities

 

Nowadays people who go on business mostly travel by air, as it is the fastest means of travelling.

Here are a few hints on air travel that may be helpful:

Passengers are requested to arrive at the airport tо hours before departure time on international flights and an hour on domestic flights as there must be enough time to complete the necessary airport formalities.

Passengers must register their tickets, weigh in and register the luggage. Most airlines have at least two classes of travel, first class and economy class, which is cheaper. Each passenger of more than two years of age has a free luggage allowance. Generally the limit is 20 kg for economy class passengers and 30 kg for first class passengers. Excess luggage must be paid for except for some articles that can be carried free of charge.

Each passenger is given a boarding pass to be shown at the departure gate and again to the stewardess when boarding the plane.

Watch the electric sign flashes when you are on board. When the “Fasten Seat Belts” sign goes on do it promptly and also obey the “No smoking” signal.

Don’t forget your personal effects when leaving the plane.

Landing formalities and customs regulations are more or less the same in all countries.

While still on board the plane the passenger is given an arrival card to fill in.

After the passenger has disembarked officials will check his passport and visa. In some countries they will check the passenger’s certificate of vaccination. The traveler is also requested to go through an AIDS check within ten or fourteen days of his/her arrival in the country: if the traveler fails to do some strict measures could be taken by the authorities including imprisonment (in some countries) or payment of a considerable penalty. When these formalities have been completed, the passenger goes to the Customs for an examination of his luggage.

Task 3. Describe your own experience of traveling by air. The following questions may be helpful.

1. What big airports have you been to? What services did you use there? What do you think of them? 2. Have you had a connecting flight? Did you have any difficulties in changing planes? What were they, if any? 3. Have you ever had any un­pleasant experience during your flight (your baggage was lost or delayed, you were late for your flight, you lost your purse or wal­let, etc.)?

At the Customs

to go through the Customs – проходить таможню

to examine (to inspect, to check) the passenger’s luggage – досматривать багаж

to bring duty - free – провозить беспошлинно

to have smth to declare – вносить в декларацию

custom’s inspector (custom’s officer) – таможенник

to go through the green (red) section (corridor channel) – проходить по зеленому (красному) коридору

to go through the passenger’s luggage carefully – тщательно досматривать багаж

to prevent smuggling – предотвращать контрабанду

to fill in (out) a declaration form – заполнять декларацию

the expiry date of one visa – срок окончания действия визы

to extend visa – продлить визу

 

Immigration and customs

On the plane to the USA you will be given an immigration form and a customs form to fill in. (It's a good idea to have a pen and your passport handy – unless you have memorized the number, date and place of issue of your passport.)

On your immigration form there is a small space in which you are supposed to write your address in the USA, which is rather inconvenient if you are going to be traveling about the country. In that case it is best just to put down where you are staying the first night.

On arrival in the USA the immigration officer will check your visa and the immigration form. You will be given a copy of this form to keep in your passport – often they staple it in for you. You are supposed to hand this copy in when you leave the country (unless you are leaving to visit Canada or Mexico and intend to return to the USA within thirty days before going back home). This is generally done at the airline desk when you check in for your return flight, as there are usually no passport checks when you leave the USA. However, nothing terrible seems to happen if you don't hand the form in.

   The immigration officer will stamp on the immigration form how long you are entitled to stay in the USA. Make sure that he or she knows how long you want to stay.

After immigration comes customs, and somewhere along the line you will be relieved of your customs form. Although there is now a red channel/green channel system (red if the traveler has something to declare, green if he/she doesn't) as in many other countries, you still actually have to come face to face with the customs officer. You are quite likely to be asked to open your bags – perhaps American customs officers aren't as busy as those in Europe, for they certainly seem to think that they have time to do this. Keep your passport out: they give returning Americans a much harder time than visitors.

It is important to note that you are not allowed to take into the USA any fresh fruit, fresh vegetables, butter, milk, fresh meat or plants.

Dialogue 1.

On board a Plane.

A. Are we coming on London already?

B. Yes. Our plane is going down. I can see the runway lights. We’d better fasten our seats.

A. So it is the stewardess telling us to fasten seat belt, straighten our seats & not to smoke. We are just for time. And what do we do with our lending cards?

B. They are for the immigration officer at arrival.

A. Oh, but I haven’t filled my in yet. Would you mind landing me a pen?

B. Not at all. Here you are.

 

Dialogue 2.

Airport official: Your pasport, please.

Visitor: Here are you.

A.O. How long are you stay in London?

V. Ten days. I’m here on business.

A.O. Your pasport and visa are in order. Have a pleasant stay.

 

Dialogue 3.

Passenger: Do I check in to the flight to Moscow here?

Clerk: Yes, that’s right. Your ticket & passport please. And put your laggage on the scales.

P. Here are my ticket & passport. Shall I weight in this small bag?

C. Certainly, sir. Oh, it’s too heavy. I’m afraid there’ll be an excess laggage, sir and you’ll have to buy extra. You know the limit for business class is 30 kilos.

P. All right.

(Ten minutes later)

C. Here are your ticket and passport and your boarding pass. Your laggage bag is attached to your ticket.

P. Which way I am to go now?

C. The departure lounge is straight ahead. Your boarding gate is No 5. Listen to the announcement over the radio. You flight number is F 357 for Rome.

P. Thank you!

 

    РАЗГОВОРНЫЕ ФОРМУЛЫ

1. Various ways of making a request & possible replies ranging from informal to very polite:

Can you wait a moment? OK.

Could you..., please? Sure.

Do you think you could...? Yes, all right.

I wonder if you could...? Yes, of course.

Would you mind showing your passport? Certainly.

I wonder if you could possibly...? By all means.

NOTES: 1. A useful negative reaction to a request is: I'm

sorry, I can't (followed by an explanation):

—Could you help me fill out this form, please?

—I'm sorry, I can't. I've lost my glasses.

2. By all means - expresses emphatic agreement:

—Do you think you could help me?

—By all means.

It is not to be confused with by any means = in any way possible.

 

2. Ways of expressing an offer of help and suitable replies:

Offers:

Can I help you?

May/Can/Could I help you with your coat?

Should I get this book for you?

Would you like me to type it for you?

Let me help you open the lock.

May/Can I help? Your bags look very heavy.

I'll find it for you.

Shall I close the window?

Replies:

Oh, yes, please, it's getting cold.

Thank you, you're very kind. I'm a bad typist.

Don't bother, I'll get it.

No, it's all right. I can manage.

That's nice of you, thanks. I'm afraid it's broken.

No, thanks. I'll just leave it here.

Don't bother, I can find it myself.

Yes please. I need a ticket to Boston.

NOTE: Phrases with Shall I...? (Shall I close the window?) sound British rather than American.

3. Ways of expressing gratitude & suitable replies.

Gratitude: Replies:

I'm very grateful to you for                         That's all right.

your assistance/taking all this trouble.

 

Thanks (a lot) for your

patience/being so patient.                          You're welcome.

 

Thank you very much indeed for

the explanation/explaining it.                       Anytime.

I appreciate it/your

help/your coming.                                      My pleasure.

It was very nice of you to help me.           I'm glad I was able help.

NOTE: Use Thanks anyway to express your gratitude to someone who has tried to help you but failed:

 

—I am sorry, I did my best, but it was no use.

—Well, thanks anyway.

 

4. Phrases used to ask for information, ranging from less formal to more formal:

 

Do you have any idea when our plane leaves?

Excuse me, do you know how to get to the airport?

Can/Could you tell me where the check-in counter is, please?

Do you happen to know if flight ВА 7685 is on time?

I wonder if you could tell me TWA's phone number?

Sorry to trouble you, but do I have to confirm my flight?

I hope you don't mind my asking, but I'd like to know who will pay my travel expenses.

 

 

BUSINESS TRIPS

Think and share your ideas.

1 What is a business trip?

2 What are the possible reasons for business trips?

 

1.Read and remember the following words:

subset – подгруппа, подмножество

to exclude – исключать, не допускать

consecutive – последующий, следующий, подряд

freedom-of-choice – свобода выбора

constrains– ограничения

impose– налагать, задавать

leisure – досуг, свободное время

substantial – главный, значимый, существенный

destination – назначение

convention – собрание, съезд

facilities – возможности, средства, льготы

perk – дополнительная льгота, привилегия

 

2 Try to guess the meanings of the following combinations:

Business, limited, tourist, meeting, conference, individual, organization,

activity, categorize, historically, international, population, aspect, region,

consultation, inspection, group, airport, restaurant, hotel.

3 Read and translate the following text:

Business tourism

Business tourism or business travel is a more limited and focused subset of regular tourism. During business trips, individuals are still working and being paid, but are doing so away from their workplace and home.

Some definitions of tourism tend to exclude business travel. However, the World Tourism Organization (WTO) defines tourists as people "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes".

Primary business tourism activities include meetings, and attending conferences and exhibitions. Despite the term business in business tourism, when individuals from government or non-profit organizations engage in similar activities, this is still categorized as business tourism (travel).

Historically, business tourism, is in the form of traveling to, spending money and staying abroad, away for some time, has a history as long as that of international trade. In late 20th century, business tourism is seen as a major industry.

According to the 1998 data from the British Tourist Authority and National Tourist Boards, business tourism accounted for about 14% of all trips to or within UK, and 15% of the tourist market within UK. A 2005 estimate suggested that those numbers for UK may be closer to 30%.

WTO estimated that business tourism accounts for 30% of international tourism, through its importance varies significantly between different countries.

Compared to regular tourism, business ones involves a smaller section of the population, with different motivations, and additional freedom-of-choice limiting constrains imposed through the business.

Destinations of business tourism are much more likely to be areas significantly developed for business purposes (cities, industrial regions, etc.). An average business tourist is more wealthy than an average leisure tourist, and is expected to spend more money.

Business tourism can be divided into primary and secondary activities. Primary ones are business (work) related, and included activities such as consultations, inspections, and attending meetings. Secondary ones are related to tourism (leisure) and include activities such as dining out, recreation, shopping, sightseeing, meeting others for leisure activities, and so on. While the primary ones are seen as more important, the secondary ones are often described as "substantial".

Business tourism can involve individual and small group travel, and destinations can include small to larger meetings, including conventions and conferences, trade fairs, and exhibitions. In the United States, about half of business tourism involves attending a large meeting of such kind.

Most tourist facilities such as airports, restaurants and hotels are shared between leisure and business tourists, through a seasonal difference is often apparent (for example, business tourism may use those facilities during times less attractive for leisure tourists, such as when the weather conditions are less attractive).

Business tourism can be divided into:

• traditional business traveling, or meetings - intended for face-to-face meetings with business partners in different locations

• incentive trips - a job perk, aimed at motivating employees (for example, approximately a third of UK companies use this strategy to motivate workers)

• conference and exhibition traveling - intended for attending large scale meetings. In an estimated number of 27,000 conferences worldwide (for 2019), primary destinations are Paris, London, Madrid, Geneva, Brussels, Washington, New York, Sydney and Singapore.

The words meetings, incentive, conferences and exhibition in the context of business tourism are abbreviated as MICE.

 

4 Answer the questions:

1 What is business tourism?

2 What are business tourists?

3 What divisions are there in business tourism?

4 What does the abbreviation MICE mean?

 

Double-Check Your Passport

When planning your trip, always make sure you have at least six months

until your passport expires and that there are 2-4 blank pages. Also, make sure

that your family and administrative assistant have a photocopy of your passport

in case something should go wrong. And, don’t forget to bring your passport

with you to the airport.

Share Your Itinerary

You should also share a copy of your travel itinerary with your family and

co-workers. It’s always good for people to know where you are.

Get Necessary Visas Early

In some countries, you can get visas on arrival, but for others (such as

Brazil, China), you’ll need a visa for admission to the country. Some

countries have special requirements to obtain a visa, such as a letter from a

sponsor. Make sure you have this sorted out as soon as possible before

your trip.

Learn the Local Culture

Spend a little time brushing up on the culture and customs, as well as

reading a little news from the country. You’ll have to make some small talk with

someone—a colleague, a customer or even a taxi driver—and it’s helpful to

know something about local events.

Get Cash

Many countries use credit cards less often than you may be accustomed

to. In the U.S., paying for a taxi with a credit card can be no problem. But in

other countries, it may be much more difficult. At the airport, withdraw some of

the local currency from an ATM to cover the taxi ride and other incidentals.

Your company will likely have a policy that will allow you to take a cash

advance up to a certain amount.

Get to Know the Area

When you check in at your hotel, ask for two things—a map and a

business card. A local map will help you orient yourself in the city and will be

useful for getting to meetings or if you have time for sightseeing. A hotel

business card is also very valuable. If you get lost, you can show it to a local or a

taxi driver, and they can help you find your way back to the hotel.

Have a Plan B

Know what your emergency plans are if something goes wrong. Many

companies have memberships to organizations that provide international

evacuation or medical assistance in extreme situations, so having that contact

information can be important. But also think about contingency plans for minor

disturbances like local union strikes and political protests.

Diving In

Be Healthy

The country you’re traveling to will have a different water system than

you’re used to and may have different standards when it comes to cleanliness,

even in business hotels. Taking a few precautions can help prevent you from

getting sick. Even if the locals tell you it is OK, never drink the water. Yes,

the water in Germany is just fine from the tap. However, your body isn’t

used to the different mineral content. Try to avoid raw and uncooked

anything—vegetables, meat or fish. Wash your hands frequently and use hand

sanitizer. And carry a pack of wet wipes to cleanse your seat area on the

airplane or surfaces in the hotel room.

Stay in Touch

If you work for a major company, your firm will likely provide an

international voice and data plan on your mobile phone. However, if you travel

infrequently or are roaming, be prepared for sticker shock. Your mobile carrier

can set you up on an appropriate plan. Alternatively, you can turn off your

cellular connection and just connect through Wi-Fi hotspots.

Hopefully, these tips will help you on your international business trip.

 

MAKING CONTACTS

LEAD-IN

Think and share your ideas.

Either you are a student, a job seeker or a businessman; effective communication plays a key role in your every day’s life. It can help you get a nice job or it can help you make your business more effective and successful one. But the key thing is to do it efficiently. You need to keep in your head various topics when you are going to talk to a new person. Your communicative skills depend on how you take initiatives and how well your conversational skills are. Following step by step guide can help you for your networking more effectively.

 

1 Is it important to make new contacts?

2 What personal tips do you use making new contacts?

 

READING

1 Read and remember the following words and set expressions:

to feel confident - чувствовать уверенным

gain good communication skills – приобрести хорошие коммуникативные навыки

coaching classes - тренинги

take a look - обратить внимание

to stay in touch - поддерживать отношения

it is someone’s turn - чья-то очередь

to get a membership of something - стать членом какого-то клуба, общества и др.

networking - создание сети деловых связей и контактов

 

2 Try to guess the meanings of the following combinations:

• It is their turn

• Reflect

• Job seeker

 

Make up Complex Subject.

For example:

We heard that a car stopped outside the door. - A car was heard to stop outside the door.

It is believed that the poem was written by Byron. - The poem is believed to have been written by Byron.

1 People consider the climate there to be very healthy.

2 It was announced that the Chinese dancers were arriving next week.

3 It is expected that the performance will be a success.

4 It is said that the book is popular with both old and young.

5 It is believed that the poem was written by an unknown soldier.

6 It is supposed that the well-known playwright is working on a new play.

7 It is reported that the flood has caused severe damage to the crops.

8 It was supposed that the crops would be rich that year.

9 It has been found that this mineral water is very good for the liver.

10 Scientists consider that electricity exists throughout space.

11 It is said that the weather in Europe was exceedingly hot last summer.

12 It was reported that five ships were missing after the battle.

 

CHECK YOURSELVES

Task № 1

Choose the correct form!

His childhood … to have been very difficult.

a) said

b) say

c) are said

d) is said

Task № 2

Choose the correct form!

The river … to flow in this direction.

a) suppose

b) supposes

c) is supposed

d) to suppose

Task № 3

Choose the correct form!

You … to take these things for granted.

a) are expected

b) expected

c) is expected

d) to expect

Task № 4

Choose the correct form!

He didn’t … to notice me.

a) to seem

b) seemed

c) seem

d) is seemed

Task № 5

Choose the correct form!

The circumstances … to have become strange indeed.

a) to happen

b) happen

c) are happened

d) is happened

Task № 6

Choose the correct form!

He … to find out a few more things about the whole business.

a) was told

b) tell

c) to tell

d) were told

Task № 7

Choose the correct form!

He … to play in the open.

a) to allow

b) are allowed

c) were allowed

d) was allowed.

Task № 8

Choose the correct form!

She … to be a good teacher.

a) to prove

b) prove

c) proved

d) proving

Task № 9

Choose the correct form!

The plane … to have crashed not from the airfield.

a) report

b) to report

c) reports

d) was reported

Task № 10

Choose the correct form!

He is … to come.

a) like

b) to like

c) liked

d) likely

Task № 11

Choose the correct form!

The medicine … to be very effective.

a) said

b) say

c) are said

d) is said

Task № 12

Choose the correct form!

She … to have been a librarian in those days.

a) is believed

b) believed

c) believe

d) to believe

Task № 13

Choose the correct form!

They … to send a reply today.

a) to expect

b) expected

c) are expected

d) expect

Task № 14

Choose the correct form!

He … to have been a very good singer.

a) to think

b) is thought

c) thought

d) are thought

Task № 15

Choose the correct form!

This process … to make a new kind of plastic.

a) are used

b) is used

c) were used

d) using

Task № 16

Choose the correct form!

The members of the committee … to have come to an agreement.

a) to understand

b) understand

c) understood

d) are understood

Task № 17

Choose the correct form!

In 19th century the dark areas on Mars … to be seas.

a) to think

b) is thought

c) thought

d) were thought

Task № 18

Choose the correct form!

They … to agree to do it.

a) were heard

b) heard

c) to hear

d) hears

Task № 19

Choose the correct form!

The expedition … to have made a very important discovery.

a) to say

b) is said

c) said

d) to have said

Task № 20

Choose the correct form!

Who … to sign the letter?

a) suppose

b) supposing

c) to suppose

d) is supposed

 

 

Conducting a Meeting

Be prepared

. Make sure that you have the agenda on hand, a sense of

what key points need to be emphasized, and a grasp on the outcomes that need
to be reinforced before the meeting ends.

Show up on time.

Workplace perception matters. If you show up to meet-

ings 15 minutes early, people will assume that you lack productivity or are using
the meeting to take time away from other tasks.

Establish meeting rules.

This doesn't have to be formal or punitive but

it's helpful to suggest protocol to ensure the meeting goes smoothly and every-
one gets to share their insights. This can be done at the beginning of the meet-
ing. Simply state "In the interest of time, hold questions and comments until af-
ter each speaker has presented. If we don't get to your comment during the allot-
ted discussion time, email me later and we can talk."

Set time frames

. As part of your agenda, include how long the meeting

will last as well as indicators for how long individuals speakers will talk, and
how long there will be general discussion following each agenda point. This
gives participants a sense of timing when they contribute and can reducing ram-
bling or extraneous discussion points. A good rule of thumb is to budget at least
10 minutes after each talking point for discussion.

Circulate the agenda.

The day before the meeting, circulate the meeting

agenda. This ensures everyone has a copy, and is prepared for what to expect
from the meeting itself. This also gives them the opportunity to approach you if
there is incorrect information in the agenda.

Send out reminders.

If this is a new or infrequent meeting, send out a

reminder one hour before the meeting to remind everyone to attend.

Presentations

When it comes to making a presentation as part of a meeting, the issue is

seldom the specific information being shared — after all, a personal presentation
is often much more effective at communicating an idea than text alone.

Most presentations are divided into 3 main parts (+ questions): ―Introduc-

tion – body – conclusion‖. There is a golden rule about repetition: ―Say what
you are going to say, say it, then say what you have just said‖.

In other words, use the three parts of your presentation to reinforce your

message. In the introduction, you tell your audience what your message is going
to be. In the body, you tell your audience your real message. In the conclusion,
you summarize what your message was.

We will now consider each of these parts in more detail.

Introduction

The introduction is a very important - perhaps the most important - part of

your presentation. This is the first impression that your audience have of you.
You should concentrate on getting your introduction right. You should use the
introduction to:

1.

· Welcome your audience

2.

· Introduce your subject

3.

· outline the structure of your presentation

4.

· give instructions about questions

The following table shows examples of language for each of these func-

tions. You may need to modify the language as appropriate.

Function                                                            Possible language

 

1Welcoming
your audience                                · Good morning, ladies and gentlemen

                                                        · Good morning, gentlemen

                                                        · Good afternoon, ladies and gentleman

                                                        · Good afternoon, everybody

2Introducing
your subject                                   · I am going to talk today about...

                                                       · The purpose of my presentation

                                                         is to introduce our new range of...

 

3Outlining
your structure                  · To start with I'll describe the progress made this year.

                      Then I'll mention some of the problems we've encountered
                      and how we overcame them. After that I'll consider the pos-
                      sibilities for further growth next year. Finally, I'll summar-
                      ize my presentation (before concluding with some recom-
                      mendations).

4Giving
instructions
about
questions                   · Do feel free to interrupt me if you have any questions.

                             · I'll try to answer all of your questions after the presenta-

                                      tion.

                                     · I plan to keep some time for questions after the presenta-

                                     tion.

Body

The body is the real presentation. If the introduction was well prepared

and delivered, you will now be 'in control'. You will be relaxed and confident.

The body should be well structured, divided up logically, with plenty of

carefully spaced visuals.

Remember these key points while delivering the body of your presenta-

tion:

1. Do not hurry

2. Be enthusiastic

3. Give time on visuals

4. Maintain eye contact

5. Modulate your voice

6. Look friendly

7. Keep to yours tructure

8. Use your notes

9. Signpost throughout

10. Remain polite when dealing with difficult questions

Conclusion

Use the conclusion to:
1. Sum up

2. (Give recommendations if appropriate)

3. Thank your audience

4. Invite questions

The following table shows examples of language for each of these func-tions. You may need to modify the language as appropriate.

 

Function                                                                     Possible language

 

Summing up

                                                                        To conclude,...

                                                                         In conclusion,...

                                                                         Now, to sumup...

                                                          So let me summarise /recap what I've said.

                                                    Finally, may I remind you of some of the main

                                                                    points we've considered.

Giving

recommendations                        In conclusion, my recommendations are...

                                                 I therefore suggest/propose/recommend the fol-

                                                                               lowing strategy.

3Thanking your
audience                                                         Many thanks for your attention.

                                                    May I thank you all for being such an attentive

                                                                                     audience.

4 Inviting questions                      Now I'll try to answer any questions you may

                                                                                         have.

                                                                    Can I answer any questions?

                                                                       Are there any questions?

                                                                      Do you have any questions?

                                                                   Are there any final questions?

PowerPoint (or equivalent)

Microsoft PowerPoint is probably now the most commonly used form of

visual aid. Used well, it can really help you in your presentation; used badly,
however, it can have the opposite effect. The general principles are:

· use a big enough font (minimum 20pt) make it so small you can't read it

· keep the background simple use a fussy background image

· use animations when appropriate but don't over-do the anima-tion - it gets distracting

· make things visual use endless slides of bulleted lists that all look

the same

 

White or black board

White or black boards can be very useful to help explain the sequence of ideas or routines, particularly in the sciences. Use them to clarify your title or to
record your key points as you introduce your presentation (this will give you a
fixed list to help you recap as you go along). Rather than expecting the audience
to follow your spoken description of an experiment or process, write each stage
on the board, including any complex terminology or precise references to help
your audience take accurate notes. However, once you have written something
on the board you will either have to leave it there or rub it off - both can be dis-
tracting to your audience. Check to make sure your audience has taken down a

reference before rubbing it off - there is nothing more frustrating than not being
given enough time!

 

Paper handouts

Handouts are incredibly useful. Use a handout if your information is too

detailed to fit on a slide or if you want your audience to have a full record of
your findings. Consider the merits of passing round your handouts at the begin-
ning, middle and end of a presentation. Given too early and they may prove a
distraction. Given too late and your audience may have taken too many unneces-
sary notes. Given out in the middle and your audience will inevitably read rather
than listen. One powerful way of avoiding these pitfalls is to give out incomplete
handouts at key stages during your presentation. You can then highlight the
missing details vocally, encouraging your audience to fill in the gaps.

 

Flip chart

A flip chart is a large pad of paper on a stand. It is a very useful and flexi-

ble way of recording information during your presentation — you can even use
pre-prepared sheets for key points. Record information as you go along, keeping
one main idea to each sheet. Flip back through the pad to help you recap your
main points. Use the turning of a page to show progression from point to point.
Remember to make your writing clear and readable and your diagrams as simple
as possible.

 

Video

Video gives you a chance to show stimulating visual information. Use

video to bring movement, pictures and sound into your presentation. Always
make sure that the clip is directly relevant to your content. Tell your audience
what to look for. Avoid showing any more film than you need.

 

Questions

Questions are a good opportunity for you to interact with your audience. It may be helpful for you to try to predict what questions
will be asked so that you can prepare your response in advance. You may wish to accept questions at any time during your presentation, or to keep a
time for questions after your presentation. Normally, it's your decision, and you
should make it clear during the introduction. Be polite with all questioners, even
if they ask difficult questions. They are showing interest in what you have to say
and they deserve attention. Sometimes you can reformulate a question or answer
the question with another question or even ask for comment from the rest of the
audience.

 

At the Airport

 

Vocabulary 1.

to go on business – ездить в командировку

air travel – путешествие самолетом

international flights – международные рейсы

domestic flights – внутренние рейсы

to complete (to go through) the airport formalities – завершить формальности в аэропорту

to register tickets – зарегистрировать билет

to weigh and register the luggage (baggage) – взвесить, зарегистрировать багаж

a free luggage (baggage) allowance – допустимая норма багажа для бесплатного

провоза

excess luggage – «лишний вес» (багаж сверх нормы)

to carry free of charge – брать в самолет бесплатно

a boarding pass – посадочный талон

a luggage tag – багажная бирка

landing formalities – формальности в аэропорту назначения

to disembark – выходить из самолета

officials – служащие аэропорта

to check one’s passport & visa – проверить паспорт и визу

window seat – место у окна

aisle seat – место у прохода

gangway (central aisle) – проход в самолете

to fasten seat belts – привязать ремни безопасности

an airhostess (a stewardess) – стюардесса

a reclining seat – откидывающееся кресло

a folding table – откидывающийся столик

life - jacket – жилет безопасности

departure lounge – зал отправления

arrivals lounge – зал прибытия

departure gate (boarding) – выход на посадку

to cancel the flight – отметить рейс

the flight is delayed – рейс задерживается

to take off – взлетать

to land – приземляться

to feel airsick – чувствовать себя плохо в самолете

transfer passengers – транзитные пассажиры

a transfer/transmit lounge – зал для транзитных пассажиров

baggage claim area (baggage reclaim) – зал, выдача багажа

time difference (jetlag) – разница во времени

to put the watch … hours back (forward) – переведите часы на … часов назад (вперед)

information desk – справочное бюро

 

A. Read the text & do the given tasks after it. Make active use of the above given vocabulary.

 

Airport Formalities

 

Nowadays people who go on business mostly travel by air, as it is the fastest means of travelling.

Here are a few hints on air travel that may be helpful:

Passengers are requested to arrive at the airport tо hours before departure time on international flights and an hour on domestic flights as there must be enough time to complete the necessary airport formalities.

Passengers must register their tickets, weigh in and register the luggage. Most airlines have at least two classes of travel, first class and economy class, which is cheaper. Each passenger of more than two years of age has a free luggage allowance. Generally the limit is 20 kg for economy class passengers and 30 kg for first class passengers. Excess luggage must be paid for except for some articles that can be carried free of charge.

Each passenger is given a boarding pass to be shown at the departure gate and again to the stewardess when boarding the plane.

Watch the electric sign flashes when you are on board. When the “Fasten Seat Belts” sign goes on do it promptly and also obey the “No smoking” signal.

Don’t forget your personal effects when leaving the plane.

Landing formalities and customs regulations are more or less the same in all countries.

While still on board the plane the passenger is given an arrival card to fill in.

After the passenger has disembarked officials will check his passport and visa. In some countries they will check the passenger’s certificate of vaccination. The traveler is also requested to go through an AIDS check within ten or fourteen days of his/her arrival in the country: if the traveler fails to do some strict measures could be taken by the authorities including imprisonment (in some countries) or payment of a considerable penalty. When these formalities have been completed, the passenger goes to the Customs for an examination of his luggage.

Task 3. Describe your own experience of traveling by air. The following questions may be helpful.

1. What big airports have you been to? What services did you use there? What do you think of them? 2. Have you had a connecting flight? Did you have any difficulties in changing planes? What were they, if any? 3. Have you ever had any un­pleasant experience during your flight (your baggage was lost or delayed, you were late for your flight, you lost your purse or wal­let, etc.)?

At the Customs

to go through the Customs – проходить таможню

to examine (to inspect, to check) the passenger’s luggage – досматривать багаж

to bring duty - free – провозить беспошлинно

to have smth to declare – вносить в декларацию

custom’s inspector (custom’s officer) – таможенник

to go through the green (red) section (corridor channel) – проходить по зеленому (красному) коридору

to go through the passenger’s luggage carefully – тщательно досматривать багаж

to prevent smuggling – предотвращать контрабанду

to fill in (out) a declaration form – заполнять декларацию

the expiry date of one visa – срок окончания действия визы

to extend visa – продлить визу

 

Immigration and customs

On the plane to the USA you will be given an immigration form and a customs form to fill in. (It's a good idea to have a pen and your passport handy – unless you have memorized the number, date and place of issue of your passport.)

On your immigration form there is a small space in which you are supposed to write your address in the USA, which is rather inconvenient if you are going to be traveling about the country. In that case it is best just to put down where you are staying the first night.

On arrival in the USA the immigration officer will check your visa and the immigration form. You will be given a copy of this form to keep in your passport – often they staple it in for you. You are supposed to hand this copy in when you leave the country (unless you are leaving to visit Canada or Mexico and intend to return to the USA within thirty days before going back home). This is generally done at the airline desk when you check in for your return flight, as there are usually no passport checks when you leave the USA. However, nothing terrible seems to happen if you don't hand the form in.

   The immigration officer will stamp on the immigration form how long you are entitled to stay in the USA. Make sure that he or she knows how long you want to stay.

After immigration comes customs, and somewhere along the line you will be relieved of your customs form. Although there is now a red channel/green channel system (red if the traveler has something to declare, green if he/she doesn't) as in many other countries, you still actually have to come face to face with the customs officer. You are quite likely to be asked to open your bags – perhaps American customs officers aren't as busy as those in Europe, for they certainly seem to think that they have time to do this. Keep your passport out: they give returning Americans a much harder time than visitors.

It is important to note that you are not allowed to take into the USA any fresh fruit, fresh vegetables, butter, milk, fresh meat or plants.

D. Read the following dialogues and dramatize them.

 

Dialogue 1.

On board a Plane.

A. Are we coming on London already?

B. Yes. Our plane is going down. I can see the runway lights. We’d better fasten our seats.

A. So it is the stewardess telling us to fasten seat belt, straighten our seats & not to smoke. We are just for time. And what do we do with our lending cards?

B. They are for the immigration officer at arrival.

A. Oh, but I haven’t filled my in yet. Would you mind landing me a pen?

B. Not at all. Here you are.

 

Dialogue 2.

Airport official: Your pasport, please.

Visitor: Here are you.

A.O. How long are you stay in London?

V. Ten days. I’m here on business.

A.O. Your pasport and visa are in order. Have a pleasant stay.

 

Dialogue 3.

Passenger: Do I check in to the flight to Moscow here?

Clerk: Yes, that’s right. Your ticket & passport please. And put your laggage on the scales.

P. Here are my ticket & passport. Shall I weight in this small bag?

C. Certainly, sir. Oh, it’s too heavy. I’m afraid there’ll be an excess laggage, sir and you’ll have to buy extra. You know the limit for business class is 30 kilos.

P. All right.

(Ten minutes later)

C. Here are your ticket and passport and your boarding pass. Your laggage bag is attached to your ticket.

P. Which way I am to go now?

C. The departure lounge is straight ahead. Your boarding gate is No 5. Listen to the announcement over the radio. You flight number is F 357 for Rome.

P. Thank you!

 

    РАЗГОВОРНЫЕ ФОРМУЛЫ

1. Various ways of making a request & possible replies ranging from informal to very polite:

Can you wait a moment? OK.

Could you..., please? Sure.

Do you think you could...? Yes, all right.

I wonder if you could...? Yes, of course.

Would you mind showing your passport? Certainly.

I wonder if you could possibly...? By all means.

NOTES: 1. A useful negative reaction to a request is: I'm

sorry, I can't (followed by an explanation):

—Could you help me fill out this form, please?

—I'm sorry, I can't. I've lost my glasses.

2. By all means - expresses emphatic agreement:

—Do you think you could help me?

—By all means.

It is not to be confused with by any means = in any way possible.

 

2. Ways of expressing an offer of help and suitable replies:

Offers:

Can I help you?

May/Can/Could I help you with your coat?

Should I get this book for you?

Would you like me to type it for you?

Let me help you open the lock.

May/Can I help? Your bags look very heavy.

I'll find it for you.

Shall I close the window?

Replies:

Oh, yes, please, it's getting cold.

Thank you, you're very kind. I'm a bad typist.

Don't bother, I'll get it.

No, it's all right. I can manage.

That's nice of you, thanks. I'm afraid it's broken.

No, thanks. I'll just leave it here.

Don't bother, I can find it myself.

Yes please. I need a ticket to Boston.

NOTE: Phrases with Shall I...? (Shall I close the window?) sound British rather than American.

3. Ways of expressing gratitude & suitable replies.

Gratitude: Replies:

I'm very grateful to you for                         That's all right.

your assistance/taking all this trouble.

 

Thanks (a lot) for your

patience/being so patient.                          You're welcome.

 

Thank you very much indeed for

the explanation/explaining it.                       Anytime.

I appreciate it/your

help/your coming.                                      My pleasure.

It was very nice of you to help me.           I'm glad I was able help.

NOTE: Use Thanks anyway to express your gratitude to someone who has tried to help you but failed:

 

—I am sorry, I did my best, but it was no use.

—Well, thanks anyway.

 

4. Phrases used to ask for information, ranging from less formal to more formal:

 

Do you have any idea when our plane leaves?

Excuse me, do you know how to get to the airport?

Can/Could you tell me where the check-in counter is, please?

Do you happen to know if flight ВА 7685 is on time?

I wonder if you could tell me TWA's phone number?

Sorry to trouble you, but do I have to confirm my flight?

I hope you don't mind my asking, but I'd like to know who will pay my travel expenses.

 

 

BUSINESS TRIPS

Think and share your ideas.

1 What is a business trip?

2 What are the possible reasons for business trips?

 

1.Read and remember the following words:

subset – подгруппа, подмножество

to exclude – исключать, не допускать

consecutive – последующий, следующий, подряд

freedom-of-choice – свобода выбора

constrains– ограничения

impose– налагать, задавать

leisure – досуг, свободное время

substantial – главный, значимый, существенный

destination – назначение

convention – собрание, съезд

facilities – возможности, средства, льготы

perk – дополнительная льгота, привилегия

 

2 Try to guess the meanings of the following combinations:

Business, limited, tourist, meeting, conference, individual, organization,

activity, categorize, historically, international, population, aspect, region,

consultation, inspection, group, airport, restaurant, hotel.

3 Read and translate the following text:

Business tourism

Business tourism or business travel is a more limited and focused subset of regular tourism. During business trips, individuals are still working and being paid, but are doing so away from their workplace and home.

Some definitions of tourism tend to exclude business travel. However, the World Tourism Organization (WTO) defines tourists as people "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes".

Primary business tourism activities include meetings, and attending conferences and exhibitions. Despite the term business in business tourism, when individuals from government or non-profit organizations engage in similar activities, this is still categorized as business tourism (travel).

Historically, business tourism, is in the form of traveling to, spending money and staying abroad, away for some time, has a history as long as that of international trade. In late 20th century, business tourism is seen as a major industry.

According to the 1998 data from the British Tourist Authority and National Tourist Boards, business tourism accounted for about 14% of all trips to or within UK, and 15% of the tourist market within UK. A 2005 estimate suggested that those numbers for UK may be closer to 30%.

WTO estimated that business tourism accounts for 30% of international tourism, through its importance varies significantly between different countries.

Compared to regular tourism, business ones involves a smaller section of the population, with different motivations, and additional freedom-of-choice limiting constrains imposed through the business.

Destinations of business tourism are much more likely to be areas significantly developed for business purposes (cities, industrial regions, etc.). An average business tourist is more wealthy than an average leisure tourist, and is expected to spend more money.

Business tourism can be divided into primary and secondary activities. Primary ones are business (work) related, and included activities such as consultations