Statement                                       Negation                           Question

1 am (I'm) speaking      I am not (I'm not) speaking

You are (you're)                                         You are not speaking           Are you speaking? speaking

Не is (he's) speaking      Не is not speaking                        1s he speaking?

We are (we're) speaking       We are not speaking                   Are we speaking?

You are (you're) speaking You are not speaking                 Are you speaking?

They are (they're) speaking They are not speaking             Are they speaking?

Past Continuous (Past Progressive) Forms

Формы образу ют ся по схеме: was/were + Present Participle

Statement                                        Negation                    Question

1 was opening opening  1 was not (wasn't)

You were opening                  You were not                       Were you opening?

                                      (weren't) opening

Не was opening                      Не was not opening            Was he opening?

We were opening                    We were not opening         Were we opening?

You were opening                 You were not opening        Were you opening?

They were opening                 They were not opening Were they opening?

     

 

Future Continuous (Future P г ogressive) Forms

 

Формы образуются по схеме: will/shall + be + Present Par­ ticiple

Statement                           Negation                          Question I will/shall (I'll) be doing      I will/shall not be doing       You will (you'll) be doing  You will not be doing          Will you be doing? Не will be doing                      Не will not be doing              Will he be doing? We will/shall be doing          We will/shall be doing             Will/shall we be doing? You will be doing                    You wi11 be doing            Will you be doing? They win be doing             They will not be doing                  Will they be doing?

 

I shall not be doing = I shan't be doing

 You will not be doing = You won't be doing

 

В Progressive не употребляются следующие глаголы:

 

like love hate want need prefer know realize suppose mean understand believe remember belong contain consist depend seem

 

 

Unit З

Business Organizations

BUSINESS WORDS IN ACTION

Слова и выражения, содержащиеся в данном разделе, по­могут Вам получить более подробную информацию о компании Вашего потенциального делового партнёра и рассказать о своей. Вы можете использовать их на любой стадии знаком­ства, а о том, как завязать деловой контакт, подробно рас­сказывалась в Unit 1 в одноимённом разделе.

Statements

Му company was started in...                               Моя компания была основана в…

The company I work far was launched in… Компания, в которой я рабо­таю, была создана в...

I founded the company in...                                    Я оснавал (создал) компанию в...

TechnoPlus is                                                        ТехноПлюс - это

а) а startup                                                               а) новая компания

b) а well-known company                                     б) хорошо известная компания

с) а fast growing company                                    в) быстрорастущая компания.

I work for high-tech company.                             Я работаю в компании, зани­мающейся

                                                                       высокими технологиями.

TechnoPlus is                                                        ТехноПлюс - это

а) а corporation                                                       а) корпорация

b) а partnership                                                      б) товарищество

с) а sole ownership                                                 с) предприятие, принадлежа­щее одному          владельцу

d) а public limited company                  д) англ. публичная (открытая

         (PLC)                                         компания) с ограниченной                                  

                                                                                 ответственностью

 I own а company.                                 Я владелец компании./ У Меня своя компания.

I am the sole owner of а company.        Я единоличный владелец компании.

We incorporated in...                         Mы зapeгиcтpиpoвaлиcь как кopпopaция в...

1 have a partner.                                         У меня ecть паpтнep.

Our partnership is a 50-50 venture.          У нас c паpтнepoм paвныe паи.

We employ 30 people.                                        У нас работают 30 человек.

The staff numbers 200 employees.       Штат насчитывает 200 coтрудников

Our head office is in Moscow.         Наш головной oфиc в Москвe.

We have branches in 7 towns in     У нaс ecть филиaлы в 7 гоpoдаx

  the North-West Region of Russia.         Ceвepo-Зaпаднoгo peгиoна России.

I am in tourist (publishing) business.  Я pабoтaю в тypиcтичecкoм (издaтeльcкoм)    

                                                                    бизнесе.

I would like to get some in-                 Я бы хотел получить нeкoтopyю

formation about your company,             инфopмaцию o Baшeй кoмпaнии.

I'd like to like to learn a bit more       Я 6ы хотел yзнaть нeмнoгo

          about your firm,                                               больше o Вашей фиpмe.

Questions

Could you tell me about your             He могли бы Bы paccкaзaть мнe

    business?                                                                  o Вашей кoмпaнни?

Who do you work for?                              Гдe Bы paботaете?

How many people do you                         Cкoлько y Bac сотрудников?

          employ?

Who owns the company you work             Кто являeтcя владельцем кoмпании ­

             for?                                                            в которой вы работаете?

Where is the headquarters of your            Где находится головной oфиc

          company?                                                                Baшей фирмы?

Does your company have any                       У Вaшей фирмы есть филиалы?              

               branches?

                 So you are in retail (construction)           Итак, Bы зaнимaeтecь poзнич-

                           business?                                                                       ной торговлей (cтpoитeльным   

      бизнecoм)?

 

 

EPISODE THREE.

We Are Partners

 

The next day Mr. Boden invites Dmitry to a restaurant for a business lunch. Johnny Bodes wants to get some extra information about Dmitry's company Eurosport. Dmitry is also interested in cultivating business relations.

 

Mr. Bode:   How are you today, Dmitry?

Dmitry:           I'm fine, thank you. And you?

Mr. Bode:   I'm all right. Thank you.

Dmihy:            Pd like to learn a bit more about your company. I understand that Eurosport is a young company.

Dmitry:           Yes, it's a startup, but it's growing fast. In the four years since its launch, the company has grown to 35 employees and gained a reputation for reliability and professionalism. In this folder you'll find key figures illustrating the company performance. Here you can find our revenues, turnover, profit before taxis. In our industry a common strategy is to go big from the very start, but Eurosport has taken a different tack. Until recently, we'r'e been expanding cautiously.

Mr. Boden:     I like this down-to-earth business approach. It's a part of our key strategy too.

Dmitry                      Johnny, could you tell me about your company. How many people do you employ?

Mr. Bode:  Dynateam Innovations has its headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio. But we have branches in 5 other states. The staff numbers 200 people. We run a chain of outlets, selling sportswear and sports equipment for both professional sportsmen and amaturers.

Dmitry. I've noticed the letters Inc. on most of the business cards here in Denver. Corporation seems to be a popular way of organizing a business.

Mr. Bode:  Yes, you are quite right. There are a number of tax advantages to incorporating. Many importing and exporting firms incorporate in order for the owners to be protected from product liability. I presume, you know that in corporation liability is limited to the assets of the business. I am convinced, that it is economically better for a business to incorporate when its profit before taxes reaches $ 50 000 USD a year. And you? Have you thought of incorporating as a form of attracting investments?

Dmitry:      Not, really. Eurosport is a partnership. My partner Vitaly Mirotvorsky and I, we are the owners and each partner's contribution complements the other's.

Mr. Boden: А good partnership in business isn't very different from а good marriage on condition that you have found the right formula for success.

Dmitry:           I quite agree. Vitaly and 1, we are both involved in day-to-day operations. Vitaly deals with the company's finances and 1 have business savvy and negotiate deals.

Mr. Boden:               Do you have any written agreement specifying each one's role in the company?

Dmitry:           This idea has never crossed ту mind. What сап be included in such agreement.

Mr. Boden:     I'll tell you. First of а11, the slitting of the profit and loss, especially if it's not а 50-50 venture.

- Obligations, tasks and duties of each.

- Initial investment and liabilities of each partner involved.

- Ownership in case of one partner's intention to remove himself from the venture.

- Will а new partner ever be allowed into the company, and if so, how will he buy into it

                                        and how will he share the assets, profits, liabilities?

- How and when salaries and bonuses will be paid?

- In case of irreconcilable differences between partners, what are the options for the company's future?

- Сап one partner or director sell shares or his part to another party without asking the other partner first?

- Hiring practices: will friends or family members be allowed to become involved in the company or not?

And there is one more thing one has to keep in mind. 1f the company is not incorporated, the partners are jointly liable for the debts of the company. This means that if one partner is insolvent, the creditors can pursue the other to collect all the money they are owed, even if the company is owned 50% each.

BUSINESS VOCABULARY

Asset                                    Актив

То be interested in.                 Быть заинтересованным в

То be involved in.                    Быть вовлеченным, заниматься

To be lime                            Нести oтвeтcтвeннocть

Bonus                                    Премиальное вoзнaграждение

 Branch                                                       Филиaл

 Business lunch                                          Бизнес лaнч

Buy into a company v.                 Купить дoлю в кoмпании

Corporation                                      Кoрпорация

Creditor                                       Кредитор

 Cultivate (business                                    Рaзвивать coтpyдничествo. Укреплять

         relations)                                          деловые связи

Day-to-day operation                                 Teкyщaя (пpoизвoдcтвeнная) деятельнocть,     повседневное     

                                                        упpaвлeниe пpeдпpиятиeм

Deal with v.                                         Иметь дело c

Debt                                              Долг

 Director                                                     Директор

Duty                                          Обязанность

Employ v.                                                   Принимать нa paбoтy, иметь в штaте

Employee                                Работник

 Equipment                                                 Оборудование

Expand v.                                   Расширять/ся

Folder                                                         Папка

Go v. big                                                    Иметь бoльшoй ycпех

Head office                                  Глaвный oфиc

Hire v.                                                        Нанимать нa paбoтy

Include v.                                                   Включать I

Incorporate у.                                             Зарегистрировать как корпорацию

Industry                                                      Oтpacль экономики, пpoмышлeннo­сти

Initial                                                 Пepвoнaчaльный

Insolvent                                           Heплaтёжecпocoбный

Investment                                         Инвecтиция, инвecтиpoвание

 

Attract ~s                                           Привлекать

Irreconcilable differences      Глyбoкиe paзнoглacия

Launch                                           Создание

Liability                                  Oтвeтcтвeнность, oбязaтельcтвo

Limited                                 C oгpaничeннoй oтветcтвеннocтью (oб акционерных         

                                                                   oбщеcтвaх)

Loss                                                   Потеря, убыток, yщеpб

Negotiate v.                                        Вести переговоры

Obligation                                           Обязательство

Outlet                                                 Торговaя тoчкa

Chair of ~s                             Сеть

Owe (money) v.                                  Зaдoлжaть, быть должным (o дeньгax)

Owner                                              Bлaдeлeц

Ownership                             Bлaдeниe

Partnership                                             Товарищество, партнерство

Performance                                           Здесь Показатели работы (компании)

 

Profit before taxes                                  Прибыль до уплаты налогов

Reliability                                               Надежность Remove oneself from the Выйти из дела venture v.

Reputation                                              Репутация

Revenue                                                 Выручка, доходы

Salary                                                                                     Оклад, жалованье

savvy                                                      Смекалка

Share                                                      доля, часть, акция

Specify v.                                               Определять, устанавливать

Split v.                                                    Делить, делиться на части

Staff                                                       Штат, персонал

Startup                                                    Вновь созданная компания

strategy                                                   Стратегия

Тах advantage                                        Налоговое преимущество

Take а different tack                               Пойти по другому пути

Turnover                                                Оборот, товарооборот

 

We Are Partners. Review

 

1. John Boden invited Dmitry to

а) to his company head office;

b) to а restaurant for а business lunch;

 с) to а seminar in Tokyo.

 

2. Eurosport is

а) а startup;

b) an old world famous company;

с) а bank.

 

3. In the four years since its launch, the company has grown to

а) а major chain of sportswear outlets;

b) to 35 employees;

с) to 350 employees.

 

4. Dmitry gives Mr. Boden

а) а CD-ROM;

b) а folder;

с) а directory with а11 the information on his company.

 

5. In this folder Mr. Boden can find

   а) key figures, illustrating the company performance;

    Ь) the photographs of the staff;

    с) Dmitry's business card.

 

б. Eurosport strategy was to

а) expand cautiously;

b) go big from the very start;

с) form а joint venture with а Swedish partner.

 

7. Dynateam Innovations has its head office in

а) Clayfield;

Ь) Cleveland;

с) Copenhagen.

 

8. Dynateam innovations is

а) Partnership;

b) Corporation;

с) Sole ownership*

 

*sole ownership - предприятие, принадлежащее одному вла­

дельцу.

 

9. Vitaly Mirotvorsky, Dmitry's partner,

а) negotiates deals with their business partners;

а) deals with company's finances;

 b) is the company's creative director.

 

10. If а company is not incorporated, the partners

а) are jointly liable for the debts of the company;

b) are insolvent;

с) сап not remove themselves from the business.

 

Your own business.

 

Is the company you work for а partnership or corporation?

Do you own а company or а part of it?

 What was your initial investment if any?

What will happen to your company if your partner decides to remove himself from the venture?

How salaries are paid in your company?

 Are there any bonuses in your company?

· Tell about your business partner(s).

 

 

BUSINESS ETIQUETTE

Для успеха деловой переписки большое значение имеет оформление и внешний вид посылаемого сообщения (доку­мента). Если Вы хотите, чтобы Ваше послание произвело благоприятное впечатление на адресата, то следуйте обще­принятым правилам оформления деловой корреспонденции.

 

Если Вы знаете фамилию человека, которому посылаете письмо, факс, электронное сообщение, используйте в обра­щении эту фамилию. Таким образом, послание, адресованное мужчине, должно начинаться словами: ` Dear Mr Brown; а послание, адресованное женщине, -` Dear Ms Brown '. Сокра­

щение Ms используется в тех случаях, когда нам не известно

семейное положение адресата. В связи с усилением феминис­тических настроений в США и Канаде использование слов

Mrs. (по отношению к замужней женщине) и Miss (по отно­шению к девушке/незамужней женщине) становится непопу­лярным.

В ряде случаев вместо вышеуказанных используются:

Doctor                доктор - при обращении в врачу

Professor            Профессор -при обращении к лицу, имеющему

                   соответетвукзщее ученое звание

General,             Генерал,

Соlоnеl,              Полковник,

Major                 Майор - при обращении к лицам, имеющим воинские звания

sir                Сэр - при обращении к рыцарю Британской

                 империи (не путать с вежливой формой обра­щения

                   `Dear sir' - `Дорогой сэр')

 

В тех случаях, когда Вам не известно имя адресата, в

послании должны быть использованы следующие варианты лри­

ветствия:

 

Dear Sir                - при обращении к мужчине

Dear Madam - при обращении к женщине (замужней и

незамужней)

Dear Sir

or Madam              - в том случае, когда Вам не известны ни имя,

ни пол адресата

Dear Sirs               - когда адресатов несколько, т. е. Вы адресуете письмо компании, отделу и т. д.

Gentlemen             - в тех же случаях, что и`Dear Sirs', но более характерно для США

 

Ранее, после вышеприведённых форм обращения было при­нято ставить запятую (`Dear Sir,'). Теперь запятая все реже используется в данной позиции.

 

BUSINESS DOCUMENTS MEMORANDUM

Memorandum - меморакдум, памятная записка

Memorandums or memos - notes or records for internal use usually without а personal signature.

Memos are often put on notice boards for all the staff to see or they may be sent to the departments they concern by all kinds of internal mail. А11 memos contain the following information: whom it is addressed to, who it is from, the subject (the message), and the date of issue.

The following memorandum is to the staff of а company, which has just been incorporated. The memo explains what's happening and how incorporating will affect the staff.

MEMORANDUM   Bronson Machines Inc. 2244 Lincoln Ave., Bonneyville, s. D. То: А11 employees in al                   Date: 17 September 20­departments Subject: incorporation From: Jim Gerry, CEO You all know that Bronson Machines has incorporated and is now called Bronson Machines Inc. Details concerning restructuring will be sent to the heads of the departments in question. However, this memorandum is being circulated to reassure you of the following: 1. There will be no firing as а result of this change. 2. Restructuring will finish at the tail end of this year. 3. Salaries and wages will not be cut. 4. Management positions will not be affected. Managers will be offered special training. Jim Gerry CEO

 

 

The second memo announces the selection of the company's President and CEO The CEO of the Year. 1t is also addressed to а(1 employees working for the company.

 

 

Walter and Rose Inc. 173 Lombard St., Toronto, Ont.   Memo То: А11 staff             Date: 10 November 20­From:Head Office Selection of Mr.Caldwell The CEO of the Year for 2000   We are pleased to inform you that 2000 CEO of the Year Advisory Board has selected Mr. Caldwell, the CEO of our company The CEO of the Year. Mr. Caldwell was selected on criteria including sense of vision, leadership, innovation, and social responsibility. Marc Geisler   Chairman of the Board of Director