How and what our ancestors advertised?

How and what our ancestors ([æ'nsəstəz] предки) advertised? It isn't easy to establish when the first advertisement appeared, and it is not surprising since it goes back to very ancient times. A papyrus in the collection of the British museum, in London, advertises the sale of a slave. Rock drawings and inscriptions along the roads were also an excellent way to advertise things.

Probably the oldest advertisement was found in the excavations of the ancient Egyptian town of Memphis. It says: "I, Rhinos from Cyprus, live here. Gods gave me the gift of the true telling of dreams." This advertisement is 2,500 years old. It is carved in stone and visitors to one of the Cairo museums can inspect it.

In the excavations of one of the towns of ancient Greece archaeologists found about 300 stone fragments with letters of the Greek alphabet. When they put the fragments together they found it was a tablet for a shop window with a list of goods and their prices. The first newspaper in the world that put in an advertisement was a hand-written Roman newspaper "Daily Happenings". It contained announcements of meetings, births, and marriages in the noble families of Rome.

To attract customers bright signs with the name of the owner and his goods

painted on them appeared above shops. Fruit, vegetables, shirts, shoes, hats

were painted by "naive painters". Some of these painters were really outstanding

masters, such as Niko Pirosmanishvili.

One of the houses built in Kiev early in this century may also be considered as an advertisement. It is decorated by figures of sea monsters, shells and sea dragons. The story of the house is unusual. The owner of a cement plant couldn't sell his product as it was a new material and construction firms were quite conservative. So, when he learnt that a well-known architect was going to build a new house for himself he offered cement free of charge on the condition

that the house would be decorated by sculptures made of cement. The unusual building attracted everybody's attention and served as an excellent advertisement of the new building material. Today advertising uses all media - press, radio, television and cinema.

Контрольная работа № 2.

Вариант 2.

Часть 1.

Переведите предложение и образуйте все типы вопросов к предложению.

This week we have received some payment instructions from foreign banks.

 

Заполните пропуски модальными глаголами переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. If you don’t know the meaning of a word you…use a dictionary.

2. I … skate very well.

3. You …to be always polite.

4. You …take any book you like.

5. …I have another cup of tea?

6. It … be very difficult to learn Chinese.

7. … you give me some water?

8. You … stop smoking! If you don't, you're going to have serious problems with your lungs some day.

9. He … come at any moment.

10.  I don’t like this poem but I have to learn it.                                              

 

Перепишите предложения в прошедшем времени, обращая внимание на согласование времён, и переведите на русский язык.

1. Mike says he is sure Ann will be excellent guide.

2. He says they have made good progress in English.

3. Ann says she has just met Boris in the street.

4. She says Boris told her a lot of interesting things.

5. Nick says he is going to the hotel to see his friends.

6. He says they have not been here for a long time.

7. He says they were friends at school.

8. He says he will take them to the theatre on Sunday.

 

Переведите предложения из прямой речи в косвенную и переведите на русский язык.

1. Tom said: “I have already had breakfast.”

2. Mike said: “I spoke to Mr. Brown this morning.”

3. My mother said to me: “Buy some meat in the shop.”

4. I said to Boris: “Does your friend live in London?” 

5. Ann said to Mike: “When did you leave London?”

6. He said: “Ring me up tomorrow”.

7. He said: “I have just received a letter from my uncle”.

8. Oleg said: “My room is on the second floor”.

9. He said: “I’m going to the theatre tonight”.

10.  Ann said: “Where did you see such trees?”

Вставьте частицу «to» перед инфинитивом, где необходимо и переведите на русский язык.

1. I’d like…dance.

2. She made me…repeat my words several times.

3. I want…sing the new song, but I cannot…do it.

4. We asked him…tell us the story in details.

5. Let her…play as long as she wants.

6. I like…play guitar.

7. My brother can…speak French.

8. We had…put on our coats because it was cold.

9. They wanted …cross the river.

10. I would rather…stay at home today.