V. Use the following key words to speak about Mike Clare and his company “Dreams”.

18, diploma, furniture shop,

35, own business: loan, car → small shop,

1985, Sofabed company,

concentrate on beds (space, look)

selling points,

challenge – distribution, 100 vans,

reputation, prize,

2005 online store, franchising → international market, optimistic.

 

Blackcircles.com

MICHAEL WELCH left school at 16 and started work in a garage as a car-tyre fitter. He quickly learnt about the car-tyre business and decided to set up his own mail-order company. He advertised in motoring magazines and sold high-performance specialist tyres. He knew very little about running a business so he took a college course to study aspects like financial management. His next step was to get a job with the tyre company Kwikfit where he got some experience, and was able to study his future competition. After a year there and still only 20, he decided it was time to go it alone.

His company, Blackcircles.com, allows customers to order tyres on the Internet and get them fitted within a day at one of its affiliated garages. Its low-cost, speedy service has proved to be a spectacular success. Welch started in an office with a single desk which he rescued from a rubbish bin. At the beginning he needed to find reliable garages to fit the tyres and spent a lot of his time approaching and checking fitters across the country. After six months, he took on his first employee to help and the business began to grow, despite some problems with his investing partners.

These days, Blackcircles.com is a thriving business and the company has built up a network of 970 franchise outlets. The company has set up a central call centre which phones every single customer to get feedback on the service. This way Welch can see how garages are performing and identify problems. 'We've spent time on the basics, making sure customers are getting the right service,' he says. Growth has been slower as a result, but he thinks this is a secret of his success. As it says on the company website, 'Since 2001, we have supplied and fitted tyres for thousands of satisfied customers, many of whom have bought tyres from Blackcircles.com again and again.' Recently the company has launched a specific web-based service for customers with fleets of cars and has added motorbike tyres to its range of over 20,000 tyres.

 

I. Read the words:

financial, experience, spectacular, employee, reliable, franchise, identify, supply

 

II. Translate the words and make up sentences with them.

1. рекламировать 2. работник 3. торговая точка, магазин 4. надежный 5. ассортимент

6. обратная связь 7. конкуренция 8. снабжать, доставлять 9. клиент, покупатель 10. услуга

 

III. Find synonyms for these words in the text.

1. cheap

2. successful

3. shop, market

4. worker

IV. Mark the sentences true (T) or false (F). Find the information in the text to prove your answer.

1. M. Welch set up his own mail-order company when he was twenty.

2. He got a job with the tyre company Kwikfit and then studied financial management.

3. Blackcircles.com is an Internet company that sells tyres.

4. M. Welch spent 6 months to find reliable garages and to approach and check fitters.

5. Blackcircles.com is not successful now.

6. A central call center helps Welch to find problems.

7. The company is successful because they don’t spend time on the basics.

8. Welch has a web-based service for customers with many cars.

 

V. Use the following key words to speak about the company “Blackcircles.com”.

car-tyre fitter, mail-order company, financial management, Kwikfit,

20, Blackcircles.com: order, get fitted,

garages, fitters, employee,

970 outlets, call center, identify problems, success,

web-based service, motorbike tyres.

 

NINTENDO

Read the history of Nintendo below. Complete the text using the words and phrases in the box.

 

advertising competitor  console  innovation  manufacture mass-produced   partnership  playing cards   sales  trade

NINTENDO is one of the best-known brands in the world and a leader in interactive video entertainment – a multi-billion dollar industry. The company has a history which dates back to the nineteenth century.

 

1889 Fusajiro Yamauchi founds a small company to manufacture traditional (a).......................................

1953 The company manufactures the first (b)...........................plastic playing cards in Japan.

1963 The company changes its name to Nintendo Co. Ltd. and starts to (c).......................................games in addition to playing cards.

1965 Boss Hiroshi Yamauchi hires Gunpei Yokoi - the engineer behind many of the company's most successful products.

1975 Nintendo forms a (d)......................................with Mitsubishi Electric to take advantage of their micro-processor technology.

1983 Nintendo develops a (e)..                     for use at home, the NES.

1989 Nintendo launches Game Boy – the first console you could carry around in your pocket. The package includes Tetris – one of the most addictive games of all time.

1990 Nintendo sales represent 10% of the (f)...........................   deficit between Japan and the USA.

1994 Sony releases the Playstation, which works as a CD player as well as a console. Nintendo faces a major new (g).......................................and sales suffer badly.

2001 Nintendo launches a sophisticated new console, the GameCube. Sales are poor but at the same time in the USA, the 'GameBoy Advanced' dominates the handheld market.

2004 With the disappointing (h)......................................of GameCube and the success of GameBoy Advanced, Nintendo decides to concentrate on the portable market and release a new handheld console – the Nintendo DS (Dual Screen).The DS is popular but has to compete against Sony's new handheld, the PSP.

2006 Things look bad for Nintendo, but once again, a brilliant (i)........................... saves them from disaster - the 'Wii'. Its most brilliant feature is a 'wand' which allows players to physically move while they play a game of tennis on screen – there areno complicated controls and anyone can play with it. With a clever (j)...............................campaign (aimed at adult gamers) in a very short time it achieves higher levels of sales than all its competitors.

 

YOUTUBE

 

 Jawed Karim is a college student with a difference. For a start, he is not worried about the $100,000 cost of his master’s program at Stanford University because he is already a millionaire. He first hit the Internet jackpot when eBay bought the online payment company he was working for. Then he got lucky again when Google agreed to buy YouTube for $1.65 billion.

When the deal was signed everybody was talking about two of YouTube's co-founders – Chad Hurley and Steve Chen. After all, they were the public face of YouTube. Most people didn't know that there was also a third co-founder of YouTube, Jawed Karim. In fact, he was the person who actually first proposed the idea.

Karim grew up in West Germany, but has lived in the USA since his family emigrated there when Karim started high school. His Bangladeshi father is a chemist at 3M, and his German mother is a professor at the University of Minnesota. Karim obtained his degree in computer science and engineering in 2004 at the University of Illinois.

Hurley, Chen and Karim have known each other since they met as employees at Pay Pal, the payment service. When eBay bought PayPal for $1.5 billion, they all received substantial payments. Now rich, the three men often met late at night for brainstorming sessions at Max's Opera Cafe near Stanford, and discussed possible ventures. Karim said he originally pitched the concept of a video-sharing website to his friends because at the time it was difficult to download videos off the net.

The three agreed to divide up the work based on their different skills. Hurley designed the site’s interface and logo while Chen and Karim shared responsibility for technical aspects. At a later stage, when it was necessary to take on management roles, Hurley became CEO and Chen the chief technology officer. However, Karim really wanted to return to his computer studies, so he chose not to be part of the management team. As a result he agreed to take a smaller stake than the other two founders, and not to take a salary or even a formal title because in his own words, he was "focused on school." Although, since then, he has continued in an informal advisory role, he admits it was the other two who actually turned the basic idea into reality.

Jawed Karim is not the first entrepreneur to lose his place in history. Popular wisdom, for example, says that Bill Gates started Microsoft and Sam Walton founded Wal-Mart on their own, but they too had co-founders. In any case, it is not likely that Karim has too many regrets. While his former colleagues continue to run YouTube, his dream is to teach and become a university professor. Whatever he does, money is not likely to be a problem.

 

1 Find words and phrases in the text which mean the same as the following.

a    win a lot of money

b had good luck

c agreement

d got his university qualification

e meeting to swap ideas         

f presented an idea

g graphic layout

h stockholding

i large sums of money

 

2 Use the words and phrases in 1 in the correct form to complete the following sentences.

a I know people who......... and are now very rich.

h The company is a co-operative, so all the employees have a......... in it.

c In my country, it takes most people three years to.........

d    Many people in the financial world get......... as bonuses for their work.

e We had a......... to find a solution to the delays in production.

f If you........., it is always possible you will win the lottery.

g Our company website has a very nice......... which is simple for customers to use.

h I have to.........to some important clients this afternoon, so I'm a bit nervous.

i If you manage to negotiate a good........., we’ll go out to celebrate this evening,

 

3 Write sentences which are true for you using the words and phrases in 1.

 

4 How much of the story can you remember without looking? Use the following words summarize the story.

 

co-founders, employees, entrepreneur, management roles, West Germany, millionaire, smaller stake, university professor, video-sharing

 

5. Translate into English.

 

1. стоимость, 2. преуспеть, 3. платеж, 4. подписать соглашение, 5. предлагать, 6. получать степень, 7. работник, 8. услуга, 9. коммерческое предприятие, 10. умение, 11. разрабатывать

12. ответственность, 13. генеральный директор, 14. доля, часть, 15. зарплата, 16. консультативный, 17. предприниматель, 18. допускать, соглашаться, 19. основатель, учредитель, 20. коллега, 21. управлять (компанией)

 

6. Answer the questions.

 

1. Why isn’t Karim worried about money?
2. When did he get substantial payments?
3. Who are the co-founders of YouTube?
4. Where is Karim from? Who are his parents?
5. How did the co-founders of YouTube meet?
6. What was Karim’s new concept?
7. Why did it become so popular?
8. How did Hurley, Chen and Karim divide the work?
9. How did Karim’s studies influence his work?
10. What do Bill Gates, Sam Walton and Jawed Karim have in common?
11. What is Karim’s dream?

 

 

Unit 7

Present Perfect

have/has + III форма глагола

 

+	?	–
He She   has written It	he Has she  written?         it	He She has not written It
I We    have written You They	I Have we  written?        you        they	I We have not written You They

 

‘Has Jane come?’

‘Yes, she has.’/ ‘No, she hasn’t.’

 

‘Have you ever been to London?’

‘Yes, I have.’/ ‘No, I haven’t.’

 

Present Perfect	Past Simple
Have/ has + V3	V+ed V2
Значение
Действия в незавершенный период времени	Действия в завершенный период времени
Действия, предшествовавшие настоящему моменту и тесно с ним связанные с ним	Однократные, повторявшиеся и последовательные действия в прошлом
Ключевые слова
ever, never, just, already (стоят перед смысловым глаголом*); yet, lately, recently, this week, for 2 hours, since August, today, all my life, How long…?	yesterday, last summer, a week ago in 2015, When-?

 

* I have never been to New York.

Have you ever seen the Queen?

Unit 8

Have to

Утверждения и отрицания

I We You They	have don’t have	to work here
He She It	has doesn’t have

 

Вопросы

Do	I we you they	have to work hard?
Does	he she it

 

‘Do you have to wear a uniform?’

‘Yes, I do.’

 

‘Does he have to go now?’

‘No, he doesn’t.’

Past Simple

He had to go.

He didn’t have to go.

Did he have to go?

‘Have to’ обозначает необходимость, обусловленную обстоятельствами.

I have to start work at 8. – Мне приходится начинать работу в 8.

‘Don’t/doesn’t have to’ обозначает отсутствие необходимости.

She doesn’t have to work on Mondays. – У нее нет необходимости (Ей не надо) работать по понедельникам.

 

Следующие глаголы являются модальными: can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would.

Им не требуется вспомогательный глагол, после них инфинитив идет без частицы ‘to’, в 3-м лице единственного числа настоящего времени они не принимают -s.

 

Should

Утверждение и отрицание

I He She It We You They

should do more work. shouldn’t tell lies.

 

Вопросы

Should	I She They		see a doctor?
Do you think	I He We	should

 

‘Should I phone home?’

‘Yes, you should.’

 

‘Should I buy a Volvo?’

‘No, you shouldn’t.’

 

‘Should’ передает настоятельный совет, рекомендацию говорящего.

You should listen carefully. – Тебе следует слушать внимательно.

You shouldn’t sit close to the TV. Тебе не следует сидеть близко к телевизору.

 

Must

He must visit his granny. – Он должен навестить бабушку.

You mustn’t do it. – Тебе нельзя это делать.

Must I go there at once? No, you needn’t.

 

‘Must’ обозначает внутренний долг, ‘mustn’t’ – запрет.

 

	перевод	значение
he should V shouldn’t V	следует не следует	даем совет
he has to V doesn’t have to V	должен, вынужден нет необходимости	обстоятельства вынуждают
he must V mustn’t V	должен нельзя	внутренний долг запрет

 

 

If & when clauses

 

When                    summer comes,            I        will go to the sea.

 

If                             _______ Present Simple, _________ Future Simple.

When                                       play(s)                                 will V1

After                                            am                                      won’t V1   

Before 

As soon as                                     is   

Till/Until                                       are

Unless                                          don’t V1

While                                           doesn’t V1

 

When summer comes, I will go to the sea.

I will go to the sea when summer comes.