D. Write the summary of section 1.

 

 

Chapter 1

Preliminary Remarks

Section 2 (pp. 8 – 9)

 

A. The Study of the Content Plane.

Checking Comprehension Questions:

 

1. What idea was the origin of the traditional orthographic form of language?

2. What is the difficulty of the traditional orthography?

3. What did the present-day English orthographic system develop in the course of time?

4. What are the homophones?

5. Why was it necessary to invent The Broad Phonetic Transcription?

6. What did the present–day orthographic system develop in the course of time?

7. What are homophones?

8. Why does the English orthography remain what it is?

9. How could the discrimination of homophones be complicated still further?

10. What does the charm of “Alice in Wonderland “depend on?

11. What is the Broad Phonetic Transcription?

 

 

B. The Study of the Expression Plane.

 

1. Match the words with their definitions:

 

underlying	discrepancy	retain	arise
quibble	abound	cease	sizable

 

1) to be plentifully supplied (with); teem (with);

2) a conflict or variation, as between facts, figures, or claims;

3) quite large;

4) to bring or come to an end; desist from; stop;

5) a) to come into being; originate b) to spring or proceed as a consequence; result;

6) a pun;

7) fundamental; basic;

8) to keep in one's possession.

 

2. Match the English word-combinations with their Russian equivalents:

1. component phonemes (=constituent) 2. to be referable to a symbol 3. the same underlying idea 4. here a question is bound to arise 5. prevent somebody from 6. be inconsistent 7. the discrepancy reaches sizable proportions 8. be not infrequently represented 9. this is particularly true of 10. in the course of time 11. sound shape 12. phonemic composition 13. be the case 14. retain orthography as accepted 15. society in question 16. rational orthography 17. far from being an advantage 18. important semiological distinctions 19. abound in something 20. quibbles

a. Та же самая основополагающая идея b. Предотвратить, не позволить сделать что-то c. Разногласия (несоответствия) достигают значительных размеров; d. Быть зачастую представленным; e. Общество, о котором идет речь; f. Это особенно верно в отношении; g. Звуковая оболочка; h. Далеко не преимущество; i. Иметь место; быть верным; j. Фонемный состав; k. Изобиловать чем-то; l. Софизм, каламбур, игра слов; m. Рациональная орфография; n. Быть непоследовательным; o. Соотноситься с символом; p. Составляющие фонемы; q. Сохранять принятую орфографию; r. С течением времени; s. Важные семитологические различия; t. Здесь непременно возникает вопрос

 

3. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions:

 

of (* 3)	to	for (* 2)	with
from (*2)	in (*5)	on	by

 

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ the course _ _ _ _ _ _ _ time

1. stand _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a phoneme

2. prevent _ _ _ _ _ _ _ doing something

3. be true_ _ _ _ _ _ _ the present day English

4. deprive the user _ _ _ _ _ _ _ something

5. different _ _ _ _ _ _ _ spelling

6. Be referable_ _ _ _ _ _ _ a symbol

7. be lost _ _ _ _ _ _ _ mankind

8. rely _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the orthographic form

9. deal _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the oral form _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the language

10. be represented _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a graphic symbol

11. identical _ _ _ _ _ _ _ pronunciation

12. reason _ _ _ _ _ _ _

13. society _ _ _ _ _ _ _ question

14. abound _ _ _ _ _ _ _

 

 

4. Translate from Russian and make up sentences with these expressions:

 

1. неоднократно поднимать вопрос

2. ввести рациональную орфографию

3. прекратить существование

4. быть потерянным для человечества

5. передавать все три слова

6. упомянутые выше

7. набор важных семитологических различий

8. лишить пользователя литературного английского чего-либо

9. встречать слово

10. принять решение

11. в том или ином отдельном случае

12. если бы не орфография

13. быть осложненным еще больше

14. изобиловать омофонами

15. в свете вышесказанного

16. попытка преодолеть трудности

17. трудности, которые неизбежно возникают, когда дело касается

18. улучшенная орфография

 

 

5. Fill in the gaps with the following sense groups and translate the sentences into Russian:

as far as something is concerned, a question is bound to arise, if it had not been for the orthography, the reason for this is not hard to find, this being the case

 

1. Here _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _: why was it necessary to invent the Broad Phonetic Transcription?

2. The difficulty in _ _ _ _ _ the traditional orthography _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ consists in the following – all orthographies are inconsistent.

3. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, the question of reforming the English orthography has been raised times without number.

4. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ find: the present day orthography reflects various etymological, lexical and grammatical facts which otherwise would be lost to the mankind.

5. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the discrimination of homophones would be complicated still further.