VIII. Заполните пропуски правильными модальными глаголами или их эквивалентами.

27. Our designing bureau… to develop new equipment for our lab.

a) must

b) should

c) has

28. Solar batteries … to heat and light homes.

a) need

b) are able

c) must

29. The machines …to be tested under normal conditions.

a) ought

b) should

c) need

30. You … take all these measurements. We already know the volume of gas in this tube.

a) are not allowed to

b) can not

c) need not

31. As the student was late he… to enter the classroom.

a) may not

b) was not able

c) was not allowed

 

IX. Заполните пропуски прилагательными в нужной форме.

32. The results of his last experiment were … than before.

a) more bad

b) worse

c) the worst

33. Your advice is … for us.

a) the most important

b) more important

c) the importantest

34. Mathematics is … for technical students than subjects of humanities.

a) the easiest

b) easier

c) more easier

 

Контрольная работа № 19

«Великое изобретение великого учёного»

I. Прочитайте и переведите текст (устно).

 

A GREAT INVENTION OF A GREAT SCIENTIST

Radio occupies one of the leading places among the greatest achievements of modern engineering. It was invented by Professor A. S. Popov, the talented Russian scientist, who demonstrated the first radio-receiving set in the world on May 7, 1895. And it is on this day that we mark the anniversary of the radio.

By this invention Popov made a priceless contribution to the development of the world science.

Nearly at the same time an Italian inventor G. Marconi, who moved to Great Britain in 1896, got an English patent on using electromagnetic waves for communication without wires. As A.S. Popov had not patented his invention by that time yet, the world considered Marconi to be the inventor of the radio. But in our country it is A.S. Popov, who we by right call the inventor of radio.

A.S. Popov was born in the Urals on March 16, 1859. For some years he had been studying at the seminary in Perm and then went to the University of St. Petersburg. In his student days he worked as a mechanic at one of the first electric power-plants in St. Petersburg which was producing electric lights for Nevsky prospect.

After graduating from the University in 1882, A.S. Popov remained there as a post-graduate at the Physics Department. A year later he became a lecturer on Physics and Electrical Engineering in Kronstadt. By that time he had already won recognition among specialists as an authority in this field.

After Hertz had published his experiments proving the existence of electromagnetic waves, A.S. Popov thought of a possibility of using Hertz waves for transmitting signals over a distance. Thus the first wireless (radio) receiving set was created. Then Popov developed his device and on March 24, 1896 he demonstrated the transmission and reception of a radiogram consisting of two words: Heinrich Hertz. On that day the radio-telegraphy was converted from an abstract theoretical problem into a real fact. A.S. Popov did not live to see the great progress of his invention.

Popov’s invention laid the foundation for further inventions and improvements in the field of radio engineering. Since that time, scientists all over the world have been developing the modern system of radio-telegraphy, broadcasting, television, radiolocation, radio navigation and other branches of radio electronics.

II. Выберите правильный вариант ответа на вопрос.

1. Why did the world consider Marconi to be the inventor of radio?

a) because he got an English patent on using electromagnetic waves for communication without wire connection

b) because A.S. Popov had not patented his invention by that time yet

c) because Marconi demonstrated the transmission and reception of radiograms

2. Why do we mark the anniversary of the radio birth on May 7?

a) because A.S. Popov demonstrated the first radio-receiving set in the world on May 7, 1895

b) because A.S. Popov patented his invention that day

c) because A.S. Popov demonstrated the transmission and reception of a radio telegram this day

3. What results of the experiment did Hertz publish?

a) the experiments connected with the waves usage for transmitting signals over a distance

b) the experiments proving the existence of electromagnetic waves

c) the experiments on the transmission and reception of radiograms