Exercise 9. Replace the Russian words and word-combinations by the English ones.

1. One of the most essential parts of any airplane is its силовая установка.

2. There must also be топливно - масляная система, engine control system, cooling system and система запуска

3. Types of engines, their количество and location on the airplane depend on the ТТХ самолета.

4. Engines may be mounted on the wings, on the fuselage (forward or aft) or под крыльями on pylons.

5. There are many types of aircraft engines in use: piston engines for low-speed aircraft and some types of реактивных двигателей

6. Jet engines fall into two main classes: воздушно-реактивные engines and ракетные engines.

7. The engines of the first class utilize air from the atmosphere together with the горением топлива.

8. The rocket engine carries the полный запас of working fluid or ракетного топлива (oxidizer and fuel) and can operate outside the earth’s atmosphere.

9. There are two basic types of rocket engines: с жидким и твердым топливом rocket engines.

10. The simplest type of air-breathing engines is the прямоточный двигатель.

11. The пульсирующий двигатель is more complicated than the ramjet.

12. Turbojet, турбовинтовые and turbofan belong to the family of газотурбинных двигателей.

13. The turbine соединяется with the compressor.

14. The main function of the turbine is создавать мощность for the compressor.

15. The majority of modern turbojets are equipped with осевыми компрессорами.

16. The turboprop engine uses propeller чтобы создать most of its тяги.

17. In the turbofan the propeller is replaced by an осевым вентилятором.

18. The turbofan engine combines the особенности of both the turbojet and turboprop engines.

 

Exercise 10. True or false? Express your agreement or disagreement using “You are right”, “I’m of the same opinion”, “I can’t agree with you”.

1. A rocket engine is not a jet engine; it uses atmospheric air as the propulsive fluid stream.

2. A rocket engine can not operate outside the earth’s atmosphere.

3. There are two basic types of rocket engines: liquid-propellant and solid-propellant rocket engines.

4. A rocket propulsion system may also be used as a primary power plant of an airplane.

5. The simplest type of air-breathing engines is the pulsejet engine.

6. The ramjet has found wide application in aviation.

7. The ramjet is more complicated than the pulsejet.

8. The pulsejet is suitable as an aircraft power plant because it has high fuel consumption.

9. Turbojet, turboprop and turbofan belong to the family of gas-turbine engines.

10. In a turbojet engine the diffuser takes the air and delivers it to the combustion chamber

11. The main function of the turbine is to provide power for the combustion chamber.

12. There are two types of compressors: centrifugal and axial compressors.

13. The majority of modern turbojets are equipped with centrifugal compressors.

14. The turboprop engine differs considerably from the turbojet.

15. The turboprop is lighter than a turbojet of equivalent size and power.

16. A variation of the turboprop engine is known as the turboshaft engine often used for powering guided missiles.

17. It is well known that there are liquid and solid-propellant rocket engines.

18. The turbofan engine doesn’t combine the features of both the turbojet and turboprop engines.

19. Turbofans are widely used in aviation, especially in large multi-engine aircraft.

 

Exercise 11. Answer the questions.

1. What can you say about the number and location of engines in the aircraft?

2. How are jet engines classified?

3. What is the difference between rocket and air-breathing engines?

4. What are two types of rocket engines?

5. What is the simplest type of air-breathing engines?

6. Is the pulsejet engine more complicated that the ramjet one?

7. What engines belong to the family of gas-turbine engines?

8. How are turbojets divided?

9. What are essential components of a turbojet engine?

10. What are the advantages of a turbofan engine?

 

Exercise 12. The most important types of engines are turbojet and turboprop engines. Let’s compare them according to the following parameters. (Find the additional information to do this task properly)

	Turbojet engines	Turboprop engines
Thrust is produced by	the jet of hot gases ejected from the rear	the propellers
Weight
Size
Speed
Fuel consumption
Use in airplanes

 

1. What engine is heavier?

2. What about their size?

3. What engine develops higher speed?

4. What engine consumes more fuel?

5. What airplanes are powered by turboprop engines?

6. What airplanes are powered by turbojet engines?