Use the word given to form a word that fits each space.

Adventure sports have increased greatly in _________________ (popular) over the last few years. More and more people are looking for ________________ (excite), perhaps because they feel their lives are ______________ (interest). Take, for example, a man who sits in his office all day from Monday to Friday, but on Saturday he is an ___________________ (adventure) risk- taking hero who participates in the most ______________ (danger) of sports. He looks for the _____________ (high) cliff to jump from, strapped in a hang glider harness, or he is one of the crew ______________ (race) down a river moving at _____________ (terrify) speeds. He is not difficult to recognize because he is the one who is often heard ______________ (talk) about what he has been doing at the weekend. He is always looking for an unsuspecting _____________ (strange) to tell his stories to, and he is always looking for the next thing he can do, which he thinks people will be ________________ (impress) by.

 

Use the word given to form a word that fits each space.

Why are some people risk-takers? What makes them take part in _____________ (danger) or even life-threatening activities? There are different ____________ (explain) for this. Car racers love the _______________ (excite) of speed, while climbers get their thrill from _______________ (face) challenge of high mountains. Millions of years ago, when people faced danger daily, risk-taking was essential for _____________ (survive). Although living in today’s world is ____________ (easy) than it was in those days, perhaps that ____________ (base) instinct still remains. However, taking risks can become a very ___________ (healthy) obsession. Some people can even become addicted to danger, and are unable to stop looking for it. It is also _________________ (interest) that the majority of risk-takers seem to be men. Is this because men are more _______________ (curiosity)? Or do women think twice about taking risks because they are more ________________ (sense)?

 

Fill in the spaces in the following text using a suitable form of the words given in brackets.

Running is excellent exercise. Before you start running, you should warm up first, using slow _______________ (move) that make all your muscles work. But be ____________ (care)! If you stretch when your muscles are cold, you might ______________ (injury) yourself. Always wear _____________ (comfort) clothing and make sure your _____________ (train) are in good shape. If you wear shoes that give good support to your whole foot, you will put __________ (little) pressure on your knees. You should start exercising ___________ (slow), at a pace you can keep up for about 15-20 minutes. Try to exercise on soft ground as this will _____________ (protection) your knees and hips from too much tension.

 

WRITING

С1

Personal Letter

This is a part of a letter from Paul, your English pen friend.

… At school we are doing projects on sports that are popular in different countries. Could you tell me about two kinds of sports that are popular with Russian teenagers? Why are they popular? Do you have enough time for sports? By the way, I am thinking of joining our school drama club. Is that a good idea? Write soon. Best wishes, Paul

Write back to Paul.

In your letter

§ answer all his questions.

§ ask 3 questions about his school drama club

Write 100-140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

С2

Argumentative composition

Risky types of sport help to build character.

What is your opinion on risky types of sport?

 

Write 200-250 words.

Use the following plan

§ make an introduction. (state the problem)

§ express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion

§ express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion

§ express why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion

§ make a conclusion restating your opinion

 

 

Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss.

ENVIRONMENT

The environmental crisis – number one international problem .

We are in the environmental crisis because human beings have broken out the circle of life and are destroying the environment. Overpopulation, industrialization, urbanization and environmental pollution have disastrous effects on nature and wildlife.

The first threat to the planet is the extinction of plants and animal life. Many animals find it more and more difficult to survive as their natural habitat is being destroyed by growing cities. The earth forested areas are in danger of disappearing completely as trees are burnt or cut down. Illegal hunting threatens some rare species to become extinct. This process can be controlled if we protect animals in danger by law, open more parks and plant more forests; introduce harsher punishment for illegal hunters and raise public awareness about endangered species.

The second problem is water, air and soil pollution. Factories and cars release poisonous chemicals into the air. The chemicals mix with the water in the clouds, and the polluted rain which falls later damages everything alive. Gases from aerosol sprays and fridges go into the atmosphere destroying theozone layer which prevents us from getting harmful radiation. As a result more and more people get skin cancer. Our society is producing too much packaging and food waste; that is why diseases spread fast. People use a lot of detergents for cleaning their houses and cars, this wasted water is poured into rivers, oceans and streams killing marine life. A few steps can help to change the situation. We must throw away less rubbish; use recycling and control the usage of water and electicity.

Deforestation, using aerosols and burning fossil fuels cause the process of Global Warming (Greenhouse Effect). This environmental change leads to rising temperatures, melting ice-caps in the polar region and droughts and floods.

These problems are very serious. Both scientists and politicians agree that unless some radical steps are taken in the nearest future, life on our planet may be destroyed.

 

 

Here are some of the ways to solve ecological problems. Express your own opinion if they are helpful or not:

• The factories and plants must be removed from cities
• Green zones must be created. The greenery must be protected and increased
• Pollution control systems must be introduced
• Purifying systems for cleaning and trapping harmful substances must be widely used
• Noise must be reduced
• We must keep the streets of towns clean
• We must utilize and recycle the waste
• People must develop international cooperation in the field of environmental protection