Тема 5. Иностранный язык в письменной коммуникации

1-14. You are going to read an article. Decide which word is the best for each space:

Looking for an unforgettable way to celebrate that special occasion? Well, the 1) C. range of options open to today's youngster - or even "oldster" for that matter, is a far cry from the traditional party or restaurant visit. No longer is it 2)  D. considered sufficient to invite your friends round, buy some food and 3) B. get a baker to produce a cake. No, today's birthday boy or girl is looking for something out of the ordinary, ranging from the 4) C. outrageously  expensive to the downright dangerous. Anything 5) 5) A. goes as long as it is unusual and impressive.

Top of this year's popular 6) B. extravagances are the follows: taking some friends rally driving, helicopter lessons, plane trip and parachuting and hot air ballooning. Then, there is 7) B. always group bungee jumping or taking your bodies on a stomach-churning, white water rafting 8) B. voyage  down rapids.

The desire for adventurous celebration is not restricted to the 9) D. young. I recently met an octogenarian who celebrated 10) D. reaching the milestone of eighty by having a flying lesson.

Of course, if you have the money the world is your oyster. A well-heeled relation of mine flew fifty of his friends to a Caribbean island to mark the passing of his century. Unfortunately I was only a 11) D. reaching relation.

Undoubtedly, the more traditional forms of celebration do continue to 12) D. satisfy the less extravagant or less adventurous among us. However, with my own half century 13) B. looming  on the horizon I would not say no to a weekend in Paris and a meal at the Eiffel Tower. I can 14) B. but  dream. Perhaps by the time I'm eighty I'll be able to afford it.

 

1) A. scale 2) A. hoped	B. degree B. decided	C. range C. marked	D. variance D. considered
3)    A. make	B. get	C. let	D. want

4) A. perfectly           B. dearly       C. outrageously D. explicitly

5) A. goes      B. comes       C. wins               D. takes

6) A. experiments      B. extravagances C. exposures     D. expenses

7) A. ever                   B. always  C. more                  D. instead

8) A. travel      B. voyage  C. ride                  D. crossing

9) A. adolescents B. teenagers C. youth          D. young

10) A. attaining   B. arriving  C. getting           D. reaching

11) D. reaching  B. remote    C. faraway          D. slight

12) A. pacify     B. distract   C. absorb            D. satisfy

13) A. appearing  B. looming C. darkening       D. showing

14) A. however   B. but                    C. nevertheless D. anyway

Read the article:

Having a bad boss could be bad for your heart. This is the (15) D. conclusion of a Swedish study on management styles and health. The researchers concluded that poor managers can (16) C. increase       their employee's risk of developing heart disease. The Stockholm University study analyzed data on the health of 3,000 male workers. They (17) B. compared the data with the results from questionnaires about senior managers. The questions asked workers if they (18) A. thought their boss was considerate, communicated well and offered positive feedback. Other questions looked (19) C. at  how much work bosses gave to workers and how well they (20) D. outlined_ their goals. The research team found that workers who respected their bosses were healthier and had fewer heart problems.

The report is published in the journal Occupational and Environmental Medicine. It suggests that companies should re-train bosses (21) B. to improve worker health. A healthier workforce will improve the (22) A. overall  health of the company. Investing in providing leadership skills to senior managers could be a good long-(23) B. term investment. The researchers said a more supportive and understanding boss would reduce the chances of workers developing high blood (24) C. pressure and stress-related illnesses. Magnus Larsson, an engineer for a large IT company, agreed with the report’s findings. He (25) A. believes his heart attack last year was because of his boss: “The guy was a monster. Working for him was a daily (26) D. nightmare for eight years,” Larsson said.

Put the correct words from the table below in the above article:

15. A. concludes B. conclusive C. conclude D. conclusion

16. A. increasing B. increased C. increase  D. increases

17. A. comparative B. compared C. comparison D. compares

18. A. thought B. thinking C. thoughts D. thoughtful

19. A. in    B. on          C. at            D. of

20. A. in line B. lineout C. outlining D. outlined

21. A. for   B. to          C. from D. with

 

22.  A. overall	B. overalls	C. over all	D. all over
23.  A. semesters	B. term	C. semester	D. terms
24.  A. pressuring	B. pressured	C. pressure	D. pressing
25.  A. believes	B. belief	C. believer	D. believing
26.  A. nightly	B. nighttime	C. nights	D. nightmare

 

Read the text and choose the right answer:

There is a debate going on in some colleges and universities today about the importance of a foreign language requirement. At some of these institutions, students may choose between a second language and mathematics – or some other discipline.

When you live in the U.S., knowledge of a foreign language is helpful but not necessary for survival. From some students’ point of view, saying “bonjour” instead of “hello” when they might spend a couple of weeks’ vacation in France over the course of a lifetime hardly merits a big investment in time and effort. Neither does learning a Spanish dialogue to make a trip South of the Border.

It is important, therefore, to define the benefits of learning a foreign language. In the first place, students should be made aware that in the U.S. alone, over 30% of the population is Spanish- speaking or of Hispanic origin. Learning French enables one to communicate in parts of Europe, Canada, and Africa. Chinese and Arabic covers over half the people in the world!

Second, learning a foreign language leads to a better understanding of cultures and mentalities different from one’s own; and though it may be interesting to bow rather than to shake hands, the important thing is the thinking and questioning process that should lead to a better understanding of one’s own culture as well as those of others.

Third, learning a language opens the door to great literatures and philosophies, which can have a tremendous impact on one’s life. Reading literature in the language written is truly “living” the author’s creation, in a way not possible though translation – no matter how great the translator.

Finally, we do business in a global economy; the better we communicate with associates around the world, the greater success we will achieve.

27. Today in some colleges and universities a debate is going on about the importance of:

A. studying mathematics