Listening : Outside influences

1. Pronounce the geographical names:

West Africa, Asante (Ghana), Yoruba (Nigeria), Sierra Leone, Liberia, Gambia, Togo, Senegal, Benin.

2. Make up word-combinations A+B:

A: to face, to take, to be founded, to use English, to be influenced, to colonise.

B: active part, West Africa, as their own language, powerful outside influences, by Christian anti-slavery compaigners, by sculpture and carving.

3. Translate into English:

Великие царства, внутренние дела, местожительство для освобожденных американских рабов, соперничество между англо и франкоговорящими регионами остается, история культурного влияния не была односторонней.

4. Answer the questions after listening to the text:

1/ What kingdoms of West Africa have often faced powerful outside influences?

2/ What were the first main European visitors to West Africa?

3/ What and when was founded by Christian anti-slavery compaigners?

4/ What was founded as a home for freed American slaves?

5/ Who eventually colonized West Africa?

6/ What was the result of it? What countries use English as their common language and what countries use French?

7/ What rivalry is often encouraged by American and Eurpean governments and companies?

8/ What were modern European artists like Picasso and Matisse influenced by?

 

 

Reading: After the Europeans

 

1. Read the names of the countries and show them on the map:

Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Cameroon, Senegal, Gambia, Ghana, Liberia.

 

2. Combine the words into several groups and define them:

Gold, the West African States, cotton, palm oil, the Muslim north, diamonds, bauxite, rubber, the Christian south, oil.

 

3. Read the text and put questions to it.

4. List some of the problems West Africa has faced since independence.

 

Middle East. Oil English.

Reading: Wealth and Civilization.

1. Read the names:

 

The Middle East, the Sumerians, Ur, the Chaldees, Eridu, the Tigris, the Euphrates, Mohammed, Mecca, Saudi Arabia, Islam, Spain, Java, the Dark Ages.

 

2. Give the definitions to the words:

Civilisation –

Society –

Prophet –

Community –

Scholar –

Religion –

 

3. Translate into English:

- породить первую в мире цивилизацию;

- около 4 века до н.э.;

- изобретать письменность;

- первое мусульманское сообщество;

- учителя-арабы;

- средневековье;

- находиться в центре мировых событий;

- третий в мире по производству нефти.

 

4. Speak about the history of the Middle East.

 

Reading: Oil and Conflict

1. Read the names of the countries and find them on the map:

The Middle East, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Oman, Iran.

2. Read and learn the glossary:

Oilfield – area where oil deposits are found

Concession – special rights

Revenue – income from an industry or business

Infrastructure – things a country or industry needs to work properly (e.g. communications, transport)

Instability – uncertainty, possibility of sudden change

Viable – conditions needed to make something successful

3. Ask questions to the text after reading it.

4. Speak to the point: “Why is the Middle East so often in the news?”

 

Listening: Developing in English”

 

1. Read the words, mind your pronounciation:

Combination, tribal, kingdoms, highways, oil, technological, expertise, project, permanent, situation, six-lane, industry, state, local, universities, people, satellites.

2. Make up word-combinations with some of them.

 

3. Pronounce the names:

The Gulf States, Bahrain, India, Pakistan, Philippines, Arabic, the Middle East.

 

4. Read and learn the glossary:

to exploit – to grow or mine a natural resource for profit;

highway – road;

overseas – coming from abroad;

kingdom – territory ruled over by a king or queen

 

5. Answer the following questions after listening to the text:

1/ How has the combination of oil riches and foreign influence changed the Gulf States in less than 50 years?

2/ Why did the Gulf States largely depend on overseas companies?

3/ Why are there so many foreign workers in the Gulf States? Why is English their common language?

4/ What language is taught in schools and what at the Universities?

5/ What brings corruption of the West into people’s homes?

 

India

Biggest Democracy

Reading: Rich Mixture

1. Read the names:

India, Indus Valley, the Aryans, nomads, Alexander the Great, Grandragupta Maurya, the Gupta Empire, Sanskrit literature, Buddhism, Jains.

 

2. Make up word combinations:

A+B

A: to have, to make, to build, to trade, to divide, to establish, to invent, to write,

B: cities, society up into rigid classes, a system of weight and measures, the first Indian empire, pottery and gold jewellery, classical Sanskrit literature, decimal theory.

 

3.Answer the questions after reading:

1/ How old is the India’s ancient culture?

2/ What are the first of India’s civilizations famous for?

3/ What people laid the foundations of today’s Hindu culture?

4/ What way did the tribal society of the Aryans develop?

5/ Who established the first Indian empire?

6/ What were the achievements of the golden age of the Gupta Empire?

 

 

Reading

Islam and the Mughals

1. Read the names:

The Muslim, Mohammed Chori, the Sultan of Delhi, Slave Sultanate, the Turk, the Afghan, the Mughals, Genghis Khan, Akbar, Mughal, Shah Jehan, Taj Mahal, Mumtaz Mahal, Vasco da Gama.

2. Translate into English:

 

- основывая т.н. «рабский султанат»;

- выгодная внешняя торговля;

- золотая эра;

- поощрять развитие живописи, музыки и литературы;

- отражать смешение многих культур в Индии;

- выстроить белокаменный Тадж Махал в память о возлюбленной царице;

- рассказы о многочисленном богатстве;

- открыть прямой торговый путь по морю;

Совершить первое путешествие вокруг Африки в Индию по морю.

 

3. Read the text and ask questions to it.

4. Speak about the history of India’s civilization.

 

 

Reading: India awakes

 

1. Read the names:

Jawaharlal Nehru, Pakistan, Muslims, Hindu, Kashmir, Indira Gandhi, China.

 

2. Read and learn the glossary:

 

- partition – (v) divide; (n) division;

- starvation – illness or death caused by lack of food;

- dam – barrier built across a river to make a lake;

- irrigate – water crops via canals or ditches;

- fertilizer – something that is put on cultivated land to make it more fertile;

- poverty – being poor;

- illiterate – unable to read or write;

- bureaucratic – having complicated systems or rules.

 

3. Translate the word combinations into English:

 

- индусское и мусульманское сообщества,

- разделение – высокая цена за свободу,

- второе в мире по количеству мусульман население,

- проводить серию пятилеток,

- реформа земель, строительство дамб,

- полагаться на погоду, чтобы улучшить урожай,

- национализировать банки,

- быстрое развитие,

- ниже черты бедности,

- коррумпированное и бюрократическое правительство.

 

4. Answer the questions after reading the text:

 

1/ What was the price to pay for freedom in 1947?

2/ What were the results of the partition?

3/ What did Nehru do to feed people?

4/ What do “Green and white revolution mean”?

5/ Why did Indira Gandhi become very popular?

6/ What are the results of this rapid development?

7/ What is still to be done in the country?