Translate the following sentences into Russian. Pay attention to the modal verbs.

1) For serious offences a suspect can be arrested without a warrant.

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2) An arrested person must be taken to a police station.

_________________________________________________________________

3) A suspect cannot be held in police custody more than 24 hours.

__________________________________________________________________

4) Interviews with suspected offenders at police stations must be tape-recorded.

__________________________________________________________________

5) “You have the right to remain silent; anything you say can be used against you…”

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6) Legal aid may also be granted in some civil cases.

__________________________________________________________________

7) Qualified lawyers may be appointed to sit as full-time District Judges.

__________________________________________________________________

8) The law can be misrepresented.

__________________________________________________________________

9) A man could not be prosecuted for raping a woman if they were still married.

__________________________________________________________________

10) All cases may be divided into criminal cases and civil cases.

__________________________________________________________________

11) The more serious offences must be tried in the Crown Court by a judge and jury.

__________________________________________________________________

12) A sentence of imprisonment may be passed only in a defendant`s presence.

__________________________________________________________________

13) Any child over the age of ten years may now be convicted of a crime.

__________________________________________________________________

14) A case can be transferred from the county court to the High Court.

__________________________________________________________________

15) State judges should be directly elected by the people.

__________________________________________________________________

16) Civil cases can be tried more efficiently and with less expense.

__________________________________________________________________

17) A person guilty of crime could be put to death.

__________________________________________________________________

18) The monarch might be found guilty of the crime.

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19) Beggars could be arrested by the local constable.

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20) All serious crimes such as murder, wounding, rape, robbery can only be tried in the Crown Court.

__________________________________________________________________

 

SELF – CHECK III

VOCABULARY

Choose the most suitable word or phrase to complete the sentences. (20 points)

1. Each appeal is __________ by five Law Lords.

A) listened

B) looked  

C) dealt

D) heard

2. The female __________ of the court are known as Lady Justices of Appeal.

A) barristers

B) solicitors

C) judges  

D) defendants

3. Often murderers are kept in __________ for much longer than the minimum term.

A) prison

B) court

C) trial

D) judges

4. A person can be convicted of crime only on __________ given in open court.

A) verdict

B) evidence

C) sentence

D) facts

5. John Doe __________ a crime.

A) did

B) committed

C) was

D) made

6. Three people __________ the murder but they are afraid to speak.

A) heard

B) witnessed

C) knew

D) sentenced

7. Your _________ will be less severe because you are a young offender.

A) trial

B) case

C) punishment

D) pursuit

8. The __________ is the process of prosecution and defense.

A) trial

B) court

C) judge

D) sentence

9. The lawyer who fights the criminal case is called ‘the defense’, the lawyer on the other side is called __________.

A) persecution

B) prosecution

C) attacker

D) opposition

10. In the UK the decision ‘guilty or not guilty’ is made by 12 members of the public, these people are known as __________.

A) the lawyers

B) the barristers

C) the judge

D) the jury

 

Choose the correct word from the box and fill in the gaps. (20 points)

committed  murder picking pockets prisoner offences magistrates    capital punishment          imprisonment                   guilty verdict    sentenced

During the 18th century the number of crimes punishable by death rose to about 200. Some, such as (1) __________, were serious crimes, but in other cases people could be (2) __________ to death for what we would think of as minor offences. For example, the death sentence could be passed for (3) __________, stealing bread or cutting down a tree. These were the kinds of crime (4) __________ by those in most desperate need.

In 1823 Sir Robert Peel reduced the number of (5) ___________ for which convicts could be executed by over 100. Lord John Russell abolished the (6) __________for horse stealing and housebreaking in 1830.

Often the death of the (7) __________ was recorded after the (8)___________, but the actual sentence was transportation or (9) ___________This happened by the start of the 19th century because the (10) __________ felt that the compulsory death sentence was too harsh.

 

GRAMMAR

Open the brackets and use the verbs in the Passive Voice. (30 points)

1) In 1963 the secret files about her case (release)__________.

2) All Ministers (assist)__________ in their government departments by thousands of officials.

3) If the jurors returned with the wrong decisions, they too (charge)__________ with a crime.

4) The system of government by the people (call)__________ a democracy.

5) During the 16^th century a number of houses of correction (establish)__________ in England.

6) He (imprison)__________ in 1931 on income tax charges.

7) He (execute)__________ by a gunshot to the head in 1994.

8) Women now (permit)__________ to wear trouser suits in court.

9) More serious cases usually (try)__________ by a panel of three trained judges.

10) The case of Ruth Ellis still (talk)_________ about.

 

 READING COMPREHENSION (30 points)