Text 4. Political system of Australia

Australia is a federation of six states and two territories. Under the written Constitution, which came into force on I January 1901 when the colonies joined to form the Com­monwealth of Australia, the Federal government is mainly responsible for the national economy and Reserve Bank, customs and excise, immigration, defence, foreign policy and the postal system. The state governments are chiefly responsible for health, education, housing, transport and justice. There are both federal and state police forces.

Australia has a parliamentary system of government based on that of the UK, and the state and federal struc­tures are broadly similar. In Federal parliament, the lower house is the House of Representatives, the upper house is the Senate. The House of Representatives has 147 members, di­vided among the states on a population basis.

Elections for the House of Representatives are held at least every three years. The federal government is run by a prime minister, while the state governments are led by a premier and the Northern Territory - by a chief minister. The party holding the greatest number of lower house seats forms the government.

Australia is a monarchy, but although Britain’s king or queen is also Australia’s, Australia is fully autonomous. The British sovereign is represented by the governor-general and state governors, whose nominations for their posts by the respective governments are ratified by the monarch of the day.

Federal parliament is based in Canberra, the capital of the nation. Like Washington DC in the USA, Canberra is in its own separate, and is not under the rule of one of the states. The Constitution can only be changed by referendum, and only if a majority of voters in at least four states favour it. The Cabinet, presided over by the prime minister, is the governments major policy-making body, and it comprises about half of the full ministry.

In Federal parliament, the two main political groups are the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and the coalition between the Liberal Party and National Party.

Behind a national flag is the history of the country it represents, the past and present of its people.

The Australian flag has the Britain flag in the top left-hand corner and shows the stars of the Southern cross in white on a blue field.

Вариант 4

Местоимения

1.1. Подчеркните строчку, в которой даны только притяжательные местоимения:

a) my, him, our, their, you;

b) my, his, our, their, your;

c) my, his, me, your, us.

 

1.2. Выберите нужные местоимения:

1. He was so nervous. He could not say … at the job interview.

(everything, nothing, anything, something)

2. Have you had enough to eat, or would you like something …?

(another, else, new, other)

 

1.3. Исправьте ошибки в каждом предложении:

1. I’ve looked somewhere for my keys.________________________________

2. I’m sure she is doing something properly.____________________________

Прилагательные

2.1. Заполните таблицу выбранными из предложений прилагательными и переведите их:

Положительная степень Сравнительная степень Превосходная степень

____________________ ____________________ ___________________

____________________ ____________________ ___________________

____________________ ____________________ ___________________

____________________ ____________________ ___________________

 

1. One of the earliest swimming competitions in Europe was held in 1515 in Venice.

2. In Russia sledging was always popular.

3. Among foreign swimmers the most famous was Mark Spitz of the USA.

4. The tracks are usually prepared in advance for better skiing.

 

2.2. Подчеркните строчку, в которой даны прилагательные только в положительной степени:

a) interesting, very nice, less beautiful, more wonderful;

b) interesting, nicer, little, bad;

c) interesting, very nice, little, bad.

2.3. Исправьте ошибки там, где они есть:

The sofa is heavier than the chair._____________________________________

This is the most shortest way to the stadium.____________________________

 

2.4. Прочтите информацию, напишите предложения, употребляя сравнительную форму прилагательных:

The price of gold is about $ 8,000 per kilo. The price of silver is about $ 150 per kilo (expensive).

________________________________________________________________

English has more than a hundred irregular verbs! Esperanto has no irregular verbs! (easy).

__________________________________________________________________

 

2.5. Напишите превосходную степень сравнения прилагательного, подчеркните правильный ответ:

What is …………. (common) word in the English language?

a) to; b) a; c) the.

Существительные

3.1. Зачеркните лишнее слово там, где оно есть:

1. She has enough an experience for this job.

2. I must brush a hair.

3. This pianist had an interesting life.

4. I like a classical music very much.

 

3.2. Исправьте ошибки в предложениях:

1. The news were wonderful.

2. Let’s go into this books shop.

 

3.3. Подчеркните правильный вариант:

1. Is there a sport club/ sports club near here?

2. SMS is a convenient mean/ means of communication.

3. Furniture is made of many different wood/woods.

4. Have you got the telephones book / telephone book.

 

3.4. Поставьте существительные во множественном числе:

city_________________ money __________________

tomato _________________ guy______________________

toy _________________ boss______________________

person_______________________ church____________________

monkey______________________ leaf_______________________

Предлоги

4.1. Вставьте in, at, on, to или оставьте пропуск:

1. I'll meet you … the station.

2. The final examinations begin … June 1st.

3. She is having a party … next Sunday.

4. What’s the black spot … the wall?

5. I was born … January.

6. I can't work … night.

 

4.2. Исправьте предложения:

1. The was born at June 6, 2006. _____________________________________

2. We played football in 2 hours._____________________________________

3. A ball was thrown in my window.__________________________________

4. Will you come on Mark's party?___________________________________

 

4.3. Измените предлоги там, где нужно, или уберите лишние слова:

1. We usually meet on the stadium.

2. I prefer books on the history.

3. What’s the easiest way to get in Moscow?

4. C comes to A and B in the alphabet.

 

4.4. Выберите правильный предлог:

1. We took a train … Moscow (for, to, till, on).

2. Most people like to have their holidays … summer (at, on, in, while).

3. Joe came to London two years … (before, since, till, ago).

4. My parents have been living here … 1999. (for, before, since, after).

Времена английского глагола

Действительный и страдательный залоги

5.1. Выберите соответствующее подлежащее:

1. Our dog/ Our dogs never eat fish.

2. Our tram/ All those trams goes to the depot.

3. My mother/ My parents teach English.

 

5.2. Исправьте ошибку в каждом предложении:

1. What is this word mean? _________________________________________

2. Tessa miss her boyfriend very much.________________________________

3. Robert is busy, he repairs his car.___________________________________

4. You may come in, the baby is not sleep._____________________________

5. It taked me 20 minutes to get home.________________________________

6. My boyfriend came not to the club last night._________________________

 

5.3. Выберите правильный вариант (Present Simple или Present Continuous (Progressive)):

1. We always start/are starting our classes at 8.

2. I think/am thinking about my boyfriend.

3. Scientists believe the weather changes/is changing.

4. I don’t see/am not seeing what the problem is.

5. I can’t understand why you laugh/are laughing.

6. Why do you look/are you looking at me like that?

 

5.4. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в ΙΙΙ форму (V₃):

1. Who’s (break) the glass? _________________________________________

2. It’s warm because the heating has (be) on.___________________________

3. Have you (sell) your flat yet?______________________________________

4. The guests have (go) at last._______________________________________