Text 4. GOVERNMENT OF THE USA

The United States of America is a federal republic, consisting of fifty states, each of which has its own government ("state" government). In some ways, the United States is like fifty small countries. Every state has its own governor, its own police, and its own laws. The present Constitution was proclaimed in 1787 in Philadelphia.

The President is the head of the whole country and the government and is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. He makes the most important decisions and chooses the ministers, the members of his cabinet. But the President can­not do just what he wants. The Congress must agree first. Americans choose a new President every four years. The residence of the President is the famous White House in Washington, the capital city.

Once the president is in office, (s)he may only be removed by being impeach-ed. The president may only be impeached if (s)he commits serious crimes in office.

The government of the whole country (the "federal" government) works from Washington. The Capitol is the seat of the USA Congress. Congress is the American parliament, which consists of two Chambers, the Senate and the House of Representatives.

Elections to the House take place every two years. There are 100 senators (two from each state). They are elected to serve for a period of six years, but every two years elections to the Senate take place when one third of its members may be changed or re-elected.

Election day is always in the month of November, on the first Tuesday after the first Monday.

Americans who are not yet 25 years old have no right to be elected to the House of Representatives, and those who are under 30 cannot be elected to the Senate.

The main political parties in the United States are the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.

Вариант 3

Местоимения

1.1. Подчеркните строчку, в которой даны только личные местоимения:

a) I, we, our, their, his;

b) I, them, you, his, us;

c) I, them, you, him, us.

 

1.2. Выберите нужное местоимение:

1. Who does this bag belong to? - … (I, me, mine, myself)

2. Is … a bookshop near here, please? (here, it, there, this)

 

1.3. Исправьте ошибки в каждом предложении:

1. I’m afraid he hasn’t done something today. ___________________________

2. Everyone enjoyed himself at the party._______________________________

 

Прилагательные

2.1. Заполните таблицу выбранными из предложений прилагательными и переведите их:

 

Положительная степень Сравнительная степень Превосходная степень

____________________ ____________________ ___________________

____________________ ____________________ ___________________

____________________ ____________________ ___________________

____________________ ____________________ ___________________

1. Both in ancient Greece and Rome swimming was as important as reading.

2. Their results often were better than official world and European records.

3. Among foreign swimmers the most famous was Mark Spitz of the USA.

4. Speed-skaters´ boots are lighter than those for figure skating or ice hockey.

 

2.2. Подчеркните строчку, в которой даны прилагательные только в положительной степени:

a) more difficult, interesting, good, the most interesting;

b) more difficult, less interesting, worse, hotter;

c) very difficult, not interesting, old, hot.

2.3. Исправьте ошибки там, где они есть:

1. Internet is one of the most useful inventions.__________________________

2. I feel a much better now, thank you.________________________________

 

2.4. Прочтите информацию, напишите предложения, употребляя сравнительную форму прилагательных:

The World Trade Center, New York, is 415 m tall. The Sears Tower in Chicago is 443 m tall (tall).

________________________________________________________________

The Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge in Japan is nearly 2,000 m long. The Sydney Harbour Bridge in Australia is 500 m long (long).

__________________________________________________________________

 

2.5. Напишите превосходную степень сравнения прилагательного, подчеркните правильный ответ:

 

Where is the ……..(tall) hotel in the world?

a) Sydney in Australia

b) Seoul in Korea

c) Bangkok in Thailand

Существительные

3.1. Зачеркните лишнее слово там, где оно есть:

1. That’s a sad news! 2. I have never seen him playing a golf. 3. Can I give you a piece of advice? 4. Did you buy a computer?

 

3.2. Исправьте ошибки в предложениях:

1. Did they give you any informations about the company?

2. Can we have two coffee, please.

 

3.3. Подчеркните правильный вариант:

1. Do you like ice-cream / an ice-cream?

2. Noise/ a noise in the yard woke me at 2 o clock.

3. One of the windows is/ are open.

4. Space-ships can't travel at the speed of a light/ light.

 

3.4. Поставьте существительные во множественном числе:

person_________________ monkey ___________________

leaf _________________ furniture___________________

child _________________ bread______________________

goose_______________________ country__________________

baby______________________ glass______________________

Предлоги

4.1. Вставьте in, at, on, to или оставьте пропуск:

1. The classes at our university start … 8.

2. Read the text … page 10.

3. I like to get up late … Sunday morning.

4. Where shall we go … this Saturday?

5. Come… me at 9.30.

6. She lives … a small town near the Black Sea.

4.2. Исправьте ошибки в предложениях:

1. Can I speak to you during a few minutes?

2. I'll come in 5 o clock.

3. He goes at the stadium 3 times a week.

4. They are sitting on front of me.

 

4.3. Измените предлоги там, где нужно, или уберите лишние слова:

1. I could not see her because she was standing before a tree.

_____________________________________________________________

2. I went to see my brother to the USA. _______________________________

3. I will be 20 on next Wednesday.___________________________________

4. We shall go to the seaside in bus.__________________________________

 

4.4. Выберите правильный предлог:

1. I saw Julia in the lecture room a minute ……… (before, back, ago, behind).

2. Don’t put your bicycles ……the shop window (behind, on, before, in front of).

3. Bob will stay with us ……… the end of the month (to, till, for, from).

4. You mustn’t be late ……… the meeting (on, at, for, to).

Времена английского глагола

Действительный и страдательный залоги

5.1. Выберите соответствующее подлежащее:

1. Robert/The girls dances very well.

2. My sister/ my brothers like parties.

3. You/she speak too long.

5.2. Исправьте ошибку в каждом предложении:

1. At that moment I watch TV. _________________________________________

2. What your favourite book?__________________________________________

3. Bob is living next door._____________________________________________

4. We pass our school two minutes ago.__________________________________

5. I were talking to my mother when the bell rang.__________________________

6. Please, don’t shout, the baby sleeps.___________________________________

 

5.3. Выберите правильный вариант (Present Simple или Present Continuous (Progressive):

1. Nobody gets/ is getting early for fun.

2. Not many passenger planes fly/ are flying faster than sound.

3. I think/am thinking he’s away.

4. Do you know what I mean/am meaning.

5. She always complains/ is complaining.

6. When I read/am reading she switches/is switching a loud music.

 

5.4. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в ΙΙΙ форму (V₃):

1. Have you (do) the work yet? ____________________________________

2. I’ve (send) you 3 e-mails today.__________________________________

3. Someone has (break) the calculator._______________________________

4. I’ve (learn) your telephone number at last.__________________________

 

5.5. Составьте предложение в Present Perfect:

Пример: John/leave/?-Has John left?

1. I /never hear/ such news. _________________________________________

2. The dogs /come back?___________________________________________

3. What /Barbara/ tell the police?_____________________________________

4. I/just see /Joanna. ______________________________________________

5. Charles /speak /to me /today yet. __________________________________

 

5.6. Какой вариант правильный: А, В или оба?

1. A. Did you ever visit Dublin? B. Have you ever visited Dublin?

2. A. Colin has gone to the USA. B. Colin went to the USA.

3. A. My brother has never been to Moscow. B. My brother hasn’t been to Moscow.

4. A. We know this family since 1996. B. We have known this family since 1996.

 

5.7. Выберите правильное слово:

1. The girls have … gone to the cinema.

a) been; b) just; c) never.

2. I haven’t seen my parents … last Christmas.

a) already; b) before; c) since.

3. I have … lived away from home.

a) since; b) ever; c) never.

4. I haven’t been here … 3 years.

a) since; b) just; c) for.