Practice 3. Concentrate on discovering the author’s main idea. Select the statement which best expresses the author’s main idea.

1. The young people took up pig farming because they didn’t like their jobs.

2. Despite all the difficulties the young farmers have made their business profitable and they really enjoy doing it.

3. Pig farming is very profitable today all over the world.

 

Practice 4. Make a review of the article (Use the vocabulary from Appendix 2 on p.108)

Practice 5. Make a report about animal/dairy/pig farming as if you owned a farm (use the information from the article).

Practice 6. Think about daily routine of a farmer and describe a day in his/her life. Use the ideas and the vocabulary of texts A and B.

Practice 7. What ideas of the article are true to Russia? What are advantages and disadvantages of farm management today?

Text C

It Is Interesting to Know

Starting Beekeeping - Why and How

Write a letter to your friend in which tell him/ her what interesting things you’ve learnt from this text (see Appendix on p.109)

Why?

There are many good reasons to keep bees, both for you personally and for the benefit of the natural environment. The number of beekeepers and bee colonies has declined considerably since the 1950`s. This has been mostly due to socioeconomic reasons and this trend needs to be reversed. Another reason for the decline of beekeeping is the introduction of the parasitic mite Varroa in the early 90`s. This has made beekeeping more difficult and some beekeepers have not adapted to this change, lost their bees and given up. As a smallholder, some of your crops- particularly soft and top fruits-will benefit greatly from one-site bees.

Your bees will also benefit your neigh bours and many species of wild plant through pollination. You will be able to supply your family and friends with honey which, if you extract it carefully and do not damage it by using excessive heat, will be far superior to anything you can buy in the shops. You will have a regular supply of beeswax to make candles or polish, the making of which is both interesting and useful. It will provide you with a lifetime of interest and fascination over the remarkable organization of a honey bee colony.

How?

Do not just rush out and buy hives and beekeeping equipment before you have found out something about what you are letting yourself in for.

If you have a friend or acquaintance who keeps bees, offer them your help so that you can see what it’s all about. Most beekeepers have a spare bee-suit and all you will need is to take along your faithful willies-bees love unprotected ankles.

Find out about your local beekeeping association. Make contact and find out where and when they meet and why they do. Most associations will allow you to come along as a guest until you decide beekeeping is for you.

(http://www.bestkeeping.com)

II. Vocabulary Section

VOCABULARY STUDY

1) valuable adj ценный

2) domesticated adj одомашненный

3) crop n сельскохозяйственная культура

4) breed v выводить, разводить

5) breed n порода

6) livestock n домашний скот

7) beefcattle мясной крупный рогатый скот

8) dairycattle молочный крупный рогатый скот

9) poultry n домашняя птица, дичь

10) herbivorous adj травоядный

11) mammal n млекопитающее

12) pasture n подножный корм, пастбище, выгон

13) roughage n грубый корм

14) by-product n побочный продукт, субпродукт

15) process v подвергать обработке, перерабатывать

16) hay n сено

17) straw n солома

18) fertilizer n удобрение

19) manure n органическое удобрение

20) increase v повышать

21) source n источник, причина

22) draftcattle упряжной, тягловый скот

23) graze v пасти

 

Vocabulary Tasks

Exercise 1.Translate the following sentences into Russian. Make up questions to the underlined words.

1. All over the world farmers raise domesticated animals.

2. There are two main branches in modern agriculture.

3. A farmer keeps domesticated animals for food or pleasure.

4. Cattle, sheep and horses are herbivorous mammals.

5. Livestock and poultry provide humanity with such benefits as food, raw materials, fertilizer, labour.

6. Much of pigs’ diet comes from foraging on the woodland floor.

7. This pork has a stronger tastethan any other meat.

8.The pig breeders Lucy Hollands and Damian van Aswegen run a herd of 230 pigs in ancient woodland in Eridge Park, East Sussex.

9. It costs 150 pounds to feed, slaughter and butcher a pig.

10. They both work seven days a week.