Put the statements given below into the reported speech. Supplement them with the suitable time – phrases.

Direct speech	Reported speech
1. “He visits.” 2. “He is visiting.” 3. “He has visited.” 4. “He has been visiting.” 5. “He will visit. He said 6. “He will be visiting.” 7. “He will have visited.” 8. “He will have been visiting.” 9. “He visited.”   10. “He was visiting.”   11. “He had visited”  12. “He had been visiting”	1.  that he 2.  that he… 3.  that he… 4.  that he… 5.  that he… 6.  that he… 7.  that he… 8.  that he… 9.  that he…  10. that he…  11. that he…  12. that he…

3. Do the back translation. Он сказал, что:

1. пишет сочинения два раза в неделю.

2. сейчас пишет сочинение.

3. пишет сочинения с 5-го класса.

4. написал два сочинения на этой неделе.

5. никогда не писал таких сложных сочинений.

6. написал сочинение вчера.

7. уже написал сочинение вчера к двум часам.

8. писал вчера сочинение в два часа дня.

9. писал сочинение вчера, когда я к нему пришла.

 10. писал сочинение уже два часа, когда я к нему пришла.

 11. будет писать сочинение завтра.

 12. будет писать сочинение завтра в 2 часа.

 13. будет писать завтра сочинение уже два часа, когда я к нему приду.

 14. напишет сочинение завтра к двум часам.

 15. напишет сочинение хорошо, если выучит слова.

Translate into Russian. Follow the rule of the Sequence of Tenses.

1. When he learnt that his son always received excellent marks in all the subjects at school, he was very pleased. 2. When he learnt that his son had received an excellent mark at school, he was pleased. 3. We did not know where our friends went everyevening. 4. We did not know where our friends had gone. 5. She said that her best friend was a doctor. 6. She said that her best friend had been a doctor. 7. I didn’t know that you worked at the Hermitage. 8. I didn’t know that you had worked at the Hermitage. 9. I knew that you were ill. 10. I knew that you had been ill. 11. We found that she left home at eight o’clock every morning. 12. We found that she had left home at eight o’clock that morning.

 

Choose the correct form of the verb. Follow the rule of the Sequence of Tenses.

1. He said he (is staying, was staying) at the “Ritz” Hotel. 2. They realized that they (lost, had lost) their way in the dark. 3. He asked me where I (study, studied). 4. I thought that I (shall finish, should finish) my work at that time. 5. He says he (works, worked) at school two years before. 6. Victor said he (is, was) very busy. 8. My friend asked me who (is playing, was playing) the piano in the sitting-room. 9. He said he (will come, would come) to the station to see me off. 10. I was sure he (posted, had posted) the letter. 11. I think the weather (will be, would be) fine next week. I hope it (will not change, would not change) for the worse. 12. I knew that he (is, was) a very clever man. 13. I want to know what he (has bought, had bought) for her birthday. 14. I asked my sister to tell me what she (has seen, had seen) at the museum. 15. He said he (will leave, would leave) the next morning. 16. She says she already (has found, had found) the book. 17. He stopped and listened: the clock (struck, had stricken) five. 18. I suppose they (will send, would send) the dog after the burglar immediately. 19. The delegates were told that the guide (has gone, had gone) out and (will be, would be) back in ten minutes.

 

Translate into English. Allow for the rule of Sequence of English Tenses

1. Я думал, что ты занят. 2. Я не знал, что ты свободен. 3. Я думал, что твои коллеги в офисе. 4. Я знал, что ты дома. 5. Я не знал, что ты голоден. 6. Они сказали, что собираются в субботу за город. 7. Они сказали, что они собираются остаться за городом в выходные. 8. Мы не знали, что вам нужна наша помощь. 9. Я думал, что ты меня понимаешь. 10. Мой коллега сказал, что его друзья ему не помогают. 11. Мы знали, что ты вчера был в кино. 12. Я думал, что ты просмотрел эти журналы на прошлой неделе. 13. Наши новые соседи сказали, что раньше они жили на юге у моря. 14. Моя сестра думала, что я уже видел этот фильм. 15. Я не знала, что вы будете пользоваться этой программой. 16. Мы думали, что секретарь немедленно отошлет факс. 17. Мы думали, что вы не будете нас беспокоить. 18. Никто не думал, что наш коллега будет приходить на работу только два раза в неделю. 19. Я не знала, что вы боитесь летать. 20. Наш сосед сказал, что с ним ничего не случилось. 21. Я поняла, что вы не едите мясо. 22. Я думала, что вы сказали мне правду. 23. Она не думала, что ее друг ей солгал. 24. Мы не знали, что этот человек может нам помочь. 25. Мы не поняли, что мы должны переводить эту статью с английского языка на русский. 26. Мы не знали, что вы еще не завтракали. 27. Моя сестра сказала, что она ничего не купила в этом магазине. 28. Мой коллега сказал, что он не умеет водить машину.

Reporting Statements

        Say – and – tell – are usually used to introduce indirect statements. However,    other words can be used too.

Introductory words	translation	Introductory words	translation
to announce to answer to complain of smth. to declare to deny to remind of to mention to promise to remark on to reply to to state to inform smb. of to retort to request to confess to boast to smb. about to point out to repent	объявлять отвечать жаловаться заявлять отрицать напоминать упоминать обещать отмечать отвечать утверждать сообщать возражать просить признаваться хвастаться указывать раскаиваться	to let know of to claim to report to to impart to to explain to to exclaim to hint at to emphasize to propose to recommend to suppose to guess to flare up to forewarn to reproach to recollect to keep smb. up to acknowledge	сообщать утверждать сообщать сообщать объяснять восклицать намекать подчеркивать предлагать рекомендовать полагать считать рассердиться предупреждать упрекать вспоминать поддерживать подтверждать

 

 

Study the steps of turning the direct statement into the reported one.

1. Omit quotation marks.

2. Change pronouns and possessives into second and the third person.

3. Use the “key-word” – that.

            4. Change the tense of the verb in the subordinate clause according to the new subject and the rule – “ one tense back.”

e.g. He said,” I shall call you tomorrow.”          

                 1             2               3                       4

                that       subject       verb     remainder  of the sentence

                 that         he        would call     me the next day.

7. Say the following statements in the reported speech. Do use the introductory words.

He said: (that)

“I am fine”. “I live in Astrakhan”. “Yesterday I was at home”. “I am learning the rule now”. “My father has just gone for work”. “The weather is nice today”. “I am going to the theatre tonight”. “Lucy will come on Sunday”. “We had two tests last week”. “I have been reading for the exam for an hour”. “My brother studies at the University”.

Reporting “Yes / No” Questions (general)

Yes/No Questions are reported with – if, whether or whether not. (союзы, имеющие значение частицы – ли)

  Study the steps of turning general questions into the reported ones.

1. Omit quotation marks.

2.  Omit such auxiliary– verbs as: do, does, did

3. Use the “key-word” – if or whether, whether not.

4.  Change pronouns and possessives into second and the third person.

5. Change the tense of the verb in the subordinate clause according to the new subject and the rule – “ one tense back.”

            The word order in the reported general question is as follows:

e.g. He asked, “Are you students?”                He asked if we were students                                                   

1                      2                   3                         4

 

     if, whether         subject       verb     remainder of the sentence         whether                   we      were students            or not

 

Instead of – ask – as an introductory verb, the following must be used:

Introductory word	translation
1. to want to know 2. to inquire 3. to wonder 4. to try to find out 5. would like to learn, to know 6. It (is) was interesting for me (him, her)	1. хотеть знать 2. выяснять 3. интересоваться 4. пытаться выяснить 5. хотелось бы узнать 6. Мне (ему, ей…) интересно

8. Report the general questions in indirect speech. Change the introductory words.

1. John asked, “Has anybody seen the film?”

2. He asked, “Are you listening to music now?”

3. She asked, “Have you been working hard on this problem?”

4. She asked, “Were you in the library yesterday?”

5. He asks, “Does she work now?”

6. He asks, “Has she been reading this book since Monday?”

7. Jane asked, “Can anybody tell me what you have been discussing all this time?”

8. He asked, “Will you be at Nick and Carol’s party tonight?”

9. Bob asked, “Do you need any help?”

  10. He asked, “Did your mother enjoy yesterday’s film?”

  11. Mom asked, “Had you had diner before you went to the University?”