The Symbols of the European Union

17. Ознакомьтесь с содержанием данного текстового материала и ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What information in the text "The Symbols of Europe" was new for you?

2. Is this material actual and up-to-date? Give your comments.

3. Why do you think that it is important for a student to know additional material?

Flag of Europe

It is the symbol not only of the European Union but also of Europe's unity and identity in a wider sense. The circle of gold stars represents solidarity and harmony between the peoples of Europe. The number of stars has nothing to do with the number of Member States. There are twelve stars because the number twelve is traditionally the symbol of perfection, completeness and unity. The flag therefore remains unchanged regardless of the EU enlargements.

The anthem of the European Union

The melody comes from the Ninth Symphony composed in 1823 by Ludwig Van Beethoven. In 1985, it was adopted by the EU heads of State and government as the official anthem of the European Union. In 1972, the Council of Europe (the same body that designed the European flag) adopted Beethoven's "Ode to Joy" theme as its own anthem. The well-known conductor Herbert Von Karajan was asked to write three instrumental arrangements - for solo piano, for wind instruments and for symphony orchestra. Without words, in the universal language of music, this anthem expresses the ideals of freedom, peace and solidarity for which Europe stands.

The motto of the European Union

The motto of the European Union is “United in diversity”. The motto means that, via the EU, Europeans are united in working together for peace and prosperity, and that the many different cultures, traditions and languages in Europe are a positive asset for the continent.

II. Методические рекомендации по подготовке презентаций.

Common Guidelines

Here are some common guidelines of how to make a Power Point presentation. One of the most challenging aspects of writing a presentation is the ability to organise information in a logical way.

Use the following phrases for welcoming and thanking the audience. Don’t forget to use expressions for introducing the subject and outlining the structure of your presentation. Mention them in your closing summary and recommendations:

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen

Good evening, everyone

Thank you for inviting me to speak about…

Tonight I’m going to talk about…

I would like to start with…

I shall begin by…

The purpose of the presentation is to introduce the range of …

Let us begin with…

However…

As far as … is concerned …

Moving on to…

My third point deals with…

And last but not least…

So, in conclusion, you can see that…

Let me summarise what I’ve said.

Finally, may I remind you of the main points we’ve considered.

Choose attractive background and suitable text colours. Presentation software can be fun to use. Be creative, but do not include too many effects which may distract your audience from your content. Make sure the text is large enough so that the audience can read it easily from any place. Also, use a standard font that is not too complicated or distracting. Use positive statements like ‘The figures show…’ rather than a vague language like ‘The data could possibly suggest…’.

 Your presentation will be effective if you know basic rules of working with slides. Don’t use too many slides: one or two per minute will be enough for your presentation. Don’t present information in sentences and paragraphs; divide it into individual parts. Try not to present more than six points on a slide. You should also reduce your text to the keywords and phrases: try to have no more than six words per line. Remember that a graph or a chart is much easier to understand than a text. Still, too many visuals may confuse the audience: don’t overload them with clips. Try to help the audience to understand the matter better by highlighting. Explain the most important information. Check all materials and equipment beforehand, and make several backups of your presentation. Don’t be too technical: adapt to the target audience, and don’t read out the text on the slides.

Use the following expressions for opening, directing and closing the meeting:

1. Right, shall we get started?

2. The first thing we have to discuss is…

3. I’d like to give the floor to…

4. Does anyone have any comments?

5 Would you like to come in here?

6. We seem to be losing sight of the main issues.

7. With respect, I don’t think that is entirely relevant.

8. Could we stick to the subject under discussion, please?

9. Perhaps we could come back to that later.

10. I’ll come to you in a minute.

11. Are there any other points anyone wishes to make?

12. To sum up,…

13. Are we all agreed on this?

14. Shall we take a vote? Are all those in favour? Are all those against?

15. I declare this meeting closed.

2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы.

1. What common guidelines of making presentation are pointed out in the text?

2. Why is it not recommended to use too many effects in the presentation?

3. What are basic rules of working with slides?

4. How should the information be presented in the slides?

5. What general advice can you give for using visuals?

ТЕМА 3 ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 5: Грамматический контент модуля

ГЛАГОЛ (THE VERB) Общие представления

По составу основной формы английские глаголы делятся на простые, производные и сложные. К простым глаголам относятся глаголы, в составе которых нет суффиксов или префиксов: to work работать, to go идти и т.д. К производным глаголам относятся глаголы, в состав которых входят суффиксы или префиксы: to realize осуществлять; to strengthen укреплять; to surpass превосходить; to foresee предвидеть и т. д. К сложным глаголам относятся глаголы, состоящие из двух основ, но выражающие одно понятие: to fulfil выполнять; to whitewash белить; to sightsee осматривать достопримечательности и т. д.

Сочетание глагола с предлогом представляет собой единое смысловое целое, хотя предлог пишется отдельно и имеет самостоятельное ударение. По своей функции и значению такие предлоги часто соответствует русским приставкам, например: to go in входить; to go out выходить; to go away уходить; to go by проходить, to look through - просматривать и т. д.

В некоторых случаях сочетание глагола с послелогом имеет значение, отличное от значения глагола без послелога, например: to take брать, to take in обмануть; to bring приносить, to bring about осуществлять; to carry нести, to carry out осуществлять и т. д.

Некоторые устойчивые сочетания, образованные из глагола и существительного, соответствуют по значению глаголам. Эти сочетания передают одно понятие и представляют собой единое целое, например: to take care заботиться, to take notice; замечать, to take part участвовать, to give a glance взглянуть и т. д. Единое смысловое целое представляют также сочетания глагола to have с существительным, передающие однократные действия: to have a smoke покурить, to have a wash помыться, to have breakfast.