Types of attributive clauses

Attributive clauses fall into two types, depending on the degree of connection and the relation they bear to the antecedent: attributive limiting (restrictive) clauses and attributive descriptive (non-restrictive) clauses.

Attributive clauses may be joined to the main clause without a relative word, that is, asyndetically.

Exercise 1. Analyze the sentences and explain the syntactical function of the pronoun.

1. She went to the ladies for whom she had worked. (Parker). 2. Mrs. Fairfax wished she could find a little girl who would come and stay with her. (Bullett). 3. Boon answered that he would try to get her the information which she wanted. (Lindsay).
4. Pyle was very earnest and 1 had suffered from his lectures on the Far East, which he had known for as many months as I had years. (G. Greene). 5. Gorky pre­pared the way for a new culture which was bound to come with the establishment of Socialism. (Fox). 6. Julia’s room was set at the end of a corridor, at whose farther and Mrs. Ponsouby slept. (Gilbert). 7. He stepped across the threshold, and took up his stand just inside the door, which she quietly shut. (Bullett). 8. The policeman who had stopped me moved to one side to let it (the ambulance) through. (G. Greene).

Exercise 2. Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to the way the attributive clauses are joined to the principal clauses.

1.“There was a man,” said Michael, “was a type.” (Galsworthy). 2. There are not many men would have stood by her as I have. (B. Shaw). 3. He is saying it was Ronald Dancy robbed him down at Winsor’s. (Galsworthy). 4. Each thought the other was pathetically young and needed all the support and love there was to give. (Wilson). 5. There is no one works harder than you, father. (G. Greene). 6. But it was my husband brought Baby here in the perambulator. (Bennett). 7. Rita Ferguson wants me to share rooms with her. You know I’ve always wanted and now she’s just heard of some; there’s a studio goes with it. (Milne). 8. There’s nothing irritates me more than seeing other people sitting about doing nothing when I’m working. (Jerome). 9. “Is that all there is to it?” Eric said. (Wilson).

Exercise 3. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate connectives or join the attributive clauses asyndetically, giving variants where possible.

1. The village... their families lived had been captured. 2. I saved such equipment... could not be replaced. 3. There were times... he half fancied that he had talent for painting. 4. He was the most impartial critic... could be found. 5. My aim had been to write about the less accessible islands... charms are not so widely known. 6. I didn’t hear all... he said, for my mind was elsewhere. 7. Everything... I did that evening took a long time. 8. He,... carried out a daily inspection, gave vent to his fury. 9. The man of science sur­veys the results of earlier students and applies his energies at the point... they left off. 10. The plan was the best... could be adopted. 11. Along the passage,... walls are bare as those of a tube went mother with children. 12. It is bad enough to have an afternoon nap disturbed by such a pas­ sage... I’ve been forced to hear. 13. It is better than most medicines... come in battles.

Exercise 4. Complete the sentences adding attributive clauses with the connectives suggested in brackets or change the place of the preposition and join the clauses asyndetically.

1. The old man returned to the village (в которой).... 2. In the provincial museum
(в котором)... they saw many relics of the Patriotic War of 1812. 3. The textbook
(о которой)... has at last been published. 4. He is not the kind of man (на которого).... 5. Give me the name of the student (с ко­торым) …. 6. Here is the book
(за которой).... 7. We have done the best (что).... 8. I’ll go anywhere, (куда)....
9. By the time (когда).... 10. His room was in the corri­dor (в дальнем конце которого)....11. Не came very late (что).... 12. I remember the day (когда)....

Exercise 5. Analyze the connectives used to join the attributive clauses. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. The idea that his only son could be haled half across the world on a charge of murder was as horrible as a night­mare. (Galsworthy). 2. Of all the different ideas that were started lately, I think that the best is the notion of celebrat­ing once a year Mother’s Day. (Leacock). 3. Somewhere in her head or her heart was the lazy, nebulous hope that things would change. (Parker). 4. I would that my tongue should utter the thoughts that arise in me. (Parker). 5. He was again tortured by the doubt whether or not he might venture о meet Antonia at the station. (Galsworthy). 6. She had no idea where she was going. (Murdoch). 7. Again Dinny had the feeling that Fleur had once suffered as she was suffering. 11. Incidentally, she also began to recall the fact that he had practically forced her to flee with him. (Dreiser). 12. To this I added the suggestion that I should give some explana­tion of his character and history to Mr. Pegotty, who I knew could be relied on. (Ch. Dickens). 13. The impression that he gathered was that he would be able to make his own terms. (Galsworthy).
14. Thus to Cytherea and Owen Gray the question how their lives would end seemed the deepest of possible enigmas. (Hardy). 15. There were times when I wanted to stop the car and tell him to get out. (Maltz). 16. You will be given many false explanations of what I have done. (Wilson). 17. There was also a vague gnawing apprehension lest Cec might have got into some deeper trouble while he had been away. (G. Greene).

Exercise 6. Translate the sentences into English using attributive clauses.

1. Тогда он собрал всю энергию, какая ещё теплилась в нём. (Сергеев-Ценский). 2. Через два дня она дошла до станции, где она узнала, что утром этого дня началась вой­на. (Паустовский). 3. Бойцы завидовали неизвестному че­ловеку, которого ищет девушка. (Паустовский). 4. Герои и героини мои делают иногда такие штуки, каких я не же­лал бы. (Паустовский). 5. Поэт Асеев, живший ря­дом, писал стихи о героической Испании. (Паустовский). 6. Я начал читать всё, что относилось к Петровскому заводу. (Паус­товский). 7. Вот как они думают и делают! (Сергеев-Ценский). 8. Как-то пришлось ему оперировать бродячую со­баку, попавшую под автомобиль. (Сергеев-Ценский). 9. Дом, в котором они жили, и очень долго жили, около двадцати лет, стоял на горке (Сергеев-Ценский). 10. Ино­гда дикие гуси, прилетевшие в этом году слишком рано, садятся на воду и кричат. (Паустовский). 11. Кстати, в то время я понял, что писать о машинах нужно так же, как мы пишем о людях. (Паустовский).