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Unit 1 Спряжение глагола to be в настоящем ,

2019-08-07

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Contents

Unit 1. Спряжение глагола to be в настоящем,

прошедшем и будущем времени............................... 4

Unit 2. Present Simple............................................... 5

Unit 3. Present Continuous............................................ 6

Unit 4. Present Simple and Present Continuous............................ 7

Unit 5. Past Simple.................................................. 8

Unit 6. Past Continuous.............................................. 9

Unit 7. Past Simple and Past Continuous................................. 10

Unit 8. Present Perfect............................................... 11

Unit 9. Present Perfect and Past Simple.................................. 12

Unit 10. Способы выражения действий в будущем....................... 13

Unit 11. Cводная таблица времен действительного залога................ 14

Unit 12. Времена группы Simple в страдательном залоге................. 15

Unit 13. Модальные глаголы......................................... 16

Unit 14. Структура предложения..................................... 17

Unit 15. Конструкции There + be / It + be............................... 18

Unit 16. Типы вопросов............................................. 19

Unit 17. Множественное число существительных.................... 20

Unit 18. Личные местоимения........................................ 21

Unit 19. Притяжательные местоимения................................ 21

Unit 20. Личные и притяжательные местоимения........................ 22

Unit 21. Неопределенные местоимения some, any;

отрицательное местоимение no................................ 23

Unit 22. Местоимения some, any, no и их производные................... 24

Unit 23. Выражение количества much/many; a lot of /lots of;

(a) little; (a) few............................................. 25

Unit 24. Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий.................. 26

Unit 25. Предлоги времени.......................................... 27

Unit 26. Предлоги направления движения.............................. 28

Unit 27. Предлоги местонахождения.................................. 29

Irregular verbs..................................................... 30

Phonetic alphabet................................................... 31

Unit 1 Спряжение глагола to be в настоящем,

Прошедшем и будущем времени

А.

	+	-	?
Present Simple	I am he she is it we you are they	I am not he is not she (isn't) it we are not you (aren't) they	Am I he Is she ? it we Are you? they
Past Simple	I am he she was it we you were they	I he was not she (wasn't) it we you were not they (weren't)	I he Was she? it we Were you? they
Future Simple	I am he she it will be we you they	I he she will it not be we (won't be) you they	I he she Will it be? we you they

В.

1. Jane is 20 years old. Her sister is the same age. They are twins.

2. He is interested in law, his dream is to be a lawyer.

3. They are very upset: the results of the exam aren’t very good. It was a very difficult exam.

4. Today she is in London. Tomorrow she will be in Rome. Next week she’ ll be in Tokyo.

5. We were not happy with the hotel: our room was small, and it wasn’t very clean.

6. Is Ann at work today? – No, she isn’t. Today is her day off.

7. How’s your father? – He is fine, thanks. He’ s at a skiing resort now. – Wasn’t he at a skiing resort last year too! – Yes, he was. He is fond of slope sliding. He is very good at it.

8. Bachelor’s Degree program is four years long. We’ re in our first year now.

9. The shops were open yesterday because it was a public holiday.

10. You are lucky: you’ re free till the end of the week!

Unit 2 Present Simple

А.

Form

? I you we V₁ they he she V_S it

you

we don't V₁

they

she doesn't V₁

I you do we V₁ they he does she V₁ it

Use

· Регулярные, повторяющиеся действия, привычки.

I always get up early.

· Общеизвестные факты, истины и явления.

The earth goes round the sun.

Signal words

Usually, always, often, sometimes, seldom

Every day (week, month, year), on Monday(s) / Monday morning(s), in the evening(s), at weekend(s), once, twice

1. I read newspapers every day.

2. Nurses look after patients in hospitals.

3. He often plays computer games.

4. Do you like music?

5. It often rains in autumn.

6. She works at weekends.

7. Does he usually drive to work?

8. I don't like apples.

9. They watch TV in the evening.

10. Light travels quicker than sound.

11. The shop doesn't work on Mondays.

12. Rice doesn't grow in cold climate.

13. Do you sometimes go to the gym?

14. We go on holiday once or twice a year.

Unit 3 Present Continuous

А.

Form

+ - ? I am he, she, it is V_ing you, we, they are I am he, she, it is not V_ing you, we, they are am I is he, she, it V_ing are you, we, they

Use

· Действие, происходящее непосредственно в момент речи.

They are working now.

· Вре́менные действия.

We are not studying today.

· Запланированные действия в будущем.

I am going to the theatre at the weekend.

Signal words

now, at the moment, still, Look! Listen!, today, this week (month, year)

1. He is reading now.

2. It is still raining.

3. Look! It is snowing.

4. She is not working this week.

5. He is writing a new book.

6. I am going to the opera tomorrow. I've got my ticket.

7. What are you doing tonight?

8. Are you watching TV at the moment?

9. Where is Jack? He is having a shower.

10. They aren't playing tennis at the moment.

11. I am meeting my boss at 10 o'clock tomorrow.

12. Listen! Somebody is crying.

13. He isn't attending the gym this month.

14. Are you going on holiday soon?

Unit 5 Past Simple

А.

Form

+ - ? S + V₂ S + didn't + V₁ did + S + V₁

Use

· Действия, факты и события в прошлом, при условии, что период времени, в котором они произошли, уже завершен.

I got a new job last month.

· Последовательность действий в прошлом.

I got up, dressed and went to work.

· Исторические факты.

The Chinese invented printing.

Signal words

yesterday, last week (month, year), … ago, in 1945, When …?

1. They played tennis last Sunday.

2. World War II finished in 1945.

3. I graduated from the university 2 years ago.

4. Did you go shopping yesterday?

5. It didn't rain last summer.

6. I had lunch, took my coat and went out.

7. He went to London last year.

8. Did you receive any letters last week?

9. I didn't go to work last Monday.

10. She opened the book and began reading.

11. Did you go to the theatre last night?

12. They moved to Canada many years ago.

13. When did you get your driving licence?

14. She didn't go on holiday last year.

А.

Form

+ - ? I, he, she, it was V_ing you, we, they were I, he, she, it was not V_ing you, we, they were was I, he, she, it V_ing were you, we, they

Use

· Действие в процессе, происходившее в определенный момент или период в прошлом.

Signal words

А.

Form

+ - ? I, you, we, they have V₃ he, she, it has I, you, we, they have not V₃ he, she, it has have I, you, we, they V₃ has he, she, it

Use

· Действия, которые совершились в неопределенный момент в прошлом и имеют результат в настоящем.

She was written twenty books.

· Действия, выражающие жизненный опыт.

Have you ever spoken to a famous person?

· Действия, которые начались в прошлом и всё еще продолжаются.

I have lived here since 1995.

Signal words

· already, just, yet, so far, recently, lately, today, this week (month, year)

· ever, never

· How long …?, since, for

1. I have never been to Britain.

2. They have known each other since childhood.

3. It hasn't rained this week.

4. How long have you lived in Moscow?

5. Have you ever run a marathon?

6. She hasn't done her homework yet.

7. He has received five letters today.

8. I haven't seen her for ages.

А.

	SIMPLE	CONTINUOUS	PERFECT

PRESENT

S + V₁/V_S am S is V_ing are have S V_ed/V₃ has I write. I am writing. I have written. Я пишу (часто). Я пишу (сейчас). Я написал (уже, только что).

PAST

S + V₂ was S V_ing were S + had + V₃ I wrote. I was writing. I had written. Я написал (вчера). Я писал (вчера, в 3 часа, когда он вошел) Я написал (вчера, к 3 часам, до того как…)

FUTURE

S + will + V₁ S + will be + V_ing S + will have + V₃ I will write. I will be writing. I will have written. Я напишу (завтра). Я буду писать (завтра, в 3 часа). Я напишу (завтра, к 3 часам, до того как он придет).

1. He plays tennis twice a week.

2. She has never travelled by plane.

3. They are cooking now.

4. We had a party last weekend.

5. Do you like hot weather?

6. What were you doing at 5 o'clock yesterday?

7. She had done her homework by 9 o'clock yesterday.

8. I won't go to work tomorrow.

9. Is it raining now?

10. I will be working at 10 o'clock tomorrow morning.

11. He fell while he was cycling.

12. Did you sleep well last night?

13. He is having a shower at the moment.

14. What does this word mean?

15. I' ve worked in a bank for 5 years.

16. She was watching TV the whole evening yesterday.

В.

1. Do you play tennis every week?

2. The sisters have lived in the same house for many years.

3. Last week he sent the manuscript to the journal for the second time.

4. She won’t do anything dangerous in the future.

5. She was talking quietly on the phone in her office.

6. They will repair it quickly tomorrow.

7. He goes to Paris on business four times every month.

8. Every month he travels to Paris on business.

9. Why didn’t he come to the meeting yesterday?

10. Why wasn’t he at the meeting yesterday?

11. Can you read the text more slowly, please?

12. Read the text more slowly.

13. Don’t be angry with me. – But I am not angry with you!

14. Before we begin we should introduce ourselves.

15. He is going to have a skiing lesson at 10 a.m. on Monday.

Unit 15 Конструкции There + be

It + be

There + be

There is a meeting in the morning. There are seven days in a week. There was a lot of rain last month. There is no time to waste. There is a book on the desk.

It + be
TIME	It is late. What time is it? It is time to start. It is 6.30.
DAY	What day is it? It is Sunday. It is 21 April. It is my birthday today.
DISTANCE	It is a long way from here. Is it far from here? It is 5 miles from here.
WEATHER	It is cold. It is a nice day. It is rainy in autumn.
It + be + прил. + V₁	It is difficult to study English.

1. There is a way out.

2. It is difficult to find a way out.

3. It is Monday, the 5^th of November. It ’s her birthday. There is going to be a party.

4. It is 11.00 already. It is late. It is time to leave.

5. There is no time to waste.

6. There is a good film tonight. It is a comedy.

7. I don’t like this town. There is nothing to do. It ’s a boring place.

8. There was a storm last night. It was windy and there was a lot of rain.

9. It ’s about three miles from the airport to the city centre.

10. There are 1,000 meters in a kilometer.

11. If you haven’t got a well-paid job it is impossible to save money.

12. If you haven’t got a well-paid job there is no possibility to save money.

А.

В.

1. Did she go to London or New York?

2. What are you talking about?

3. Where are your friends from?

4. Who invited him to the party?

5. Who did you invite to the party?

6. Is there anything you wish to tell me? – No, there isn’t.

7. What is your new boss like?

8. How far is it to the shops from here?

9. Don’t be late, will you?

10. Let’s go for a swim, shall we?

11. Kate passed her exams well, didn’t she?

А.

subject I we you he she it they

I like Ann. We like Ann. You like Ann. He likes Ann. She likes Ann. It (the cat) likes Ann. They like Ann.

Ann likes me. Ann likes us. Ann likes you. Ann likes him. Ann likes her. Ann likes it (the cat). Ann likes them.

object me us you him her it them

В.

1. My friend has a new car but he doesn’t like it.

2. Harry has two sons. He plays football with them in his free time.

3. I want those books. Please give them to me.

4. We are going to the cinema. Do you want to come with us?

5. He wants to see us but we don’t want to see him.

6. I don’t like dogs. I am afraid of them.

7. They don’t know Fred’s wife. Do you know her?

8. You never go to parties. Don’t you like them?

9. Who is it? – It’s me.

А.

I we you he she they		my our your his her their		I We You He She They	like like like likes likes like	my our your his her their	job. jobs. job. job. job. jobs.
it		its	Oxford (= it) is famous for its university.

В.

1. Is it your book or his book?

2. We know his address but we don’t know hers.

3. I went out to meet a friend of mine.

4. It’s their problem, not yours.

5. The jury has reached its decision.

6. It’s not our car. Ours is black.

7. Do you think that most people are happy in their jobs?

8. The company has many offices but its head office is in London.

В.

1. We invited her to stay with us at our house.

2. I know this man but I can’t remember his name.

3. It’s my book, give it to me. – It’s not yours, it’s mine.

4. I gave her directions and she thanked me politely.

5. Our new house is big, its colour is brown.

6. Take her spoon and put it by your plate.

7. Ours is a family farm.

Keiko Wilson is Japanese but she lives in New York because she is married to an American. She is an interpreter. She likes New York because it is interesting, but her husband, Walter, doesn’t like it. He wants to live in the country.

They have two children. Walter takes them and their dog out of the city in his free time. They go walking in summer and skiing in winter, but Keiko doesn’t go with them because she doesn’t have any free time.

Unit 21 Неопределенные местоимения some, any;

отрицательное местоимение no

А.

some There are not any no

pens

books

desks

glasses

plates

here.

Are there any

some There is not any no some

coffee

chalk

money

bread

tea

here.

Is there any

· offering things Would you like some coffee?

· asking for things Can I have some wine, please?

1. We made some mistakes.

2. There aren't any roses in this garden.

3. Do you know any good hotels in Madrid?

4. I telephoned but there was no answer.

5. There is some ice in the fridge.

6. We don't need any cheese.

7. There isn't any juice in the fridge.

8. We have got no money.

9. They need some time to make a decision.

10. Can I have some mineral water, please?

11. I don't have any questions.

12. Are there any interesting places in your town?

13. There are no cars in the car park.

14. Would you like some chocolate?

Unit 22 Местоимения some, any, no и их производные

А.

+	somebody/ someone	something	somewhere
?	anybody/ anyone	anything	anywhere
-	nobody/ no one	nothing	nowhere

+	There is	somebody something someone	in the room.
?	Is there	anybody anything any one	in the room?
-	There is	nobody nothing no one	in the room.

+	He	is	somewhere	near here.
-	He	is	nowhere
-	He	isn't	anywhere…
?	Can we find him anywhere?

1. Is there anyone in the office?

2. There is nothing in the bag?

3. Nobody lives in this house.

4. There is no one to help me.

5. Amanda said something, but I didn't understand.

6. You should ask somebody for help.

7. I don't like this town. There is nowhere to go.

8. Did the police find anything?

9. It's secret. Please don't tell anyone.

10. Tom lives somewhere near London.

11. They didn't promise anything.

А.

1. She speaks a lot of English but she doesn’t speak much French.

2. They don’t sell very many books. That’s why they don’t make much money.

3. There weren’t many trains to Liverpool, but there were a lot of trains to London.

4. There’s a lot of work to do but we don’t have much time.

5. Many people don’t like this kind of movie.

6. Do you get much chance to travel in your job?

7. There were a lot of / lots of people at the party.

8. She only wanted a little love.

9. When I am busy I always do little work before breakfast.

10. There are lots of cinemas in town. There are a few good theatres too.

11. I drank a little coffee and no alcohol.

12. I’ll be ready in a few minutes.

13. He made so few mistakes that he came top in the exam.

14. I can’t do much, I’m afraid. I have so little time.

15. Few people really understood what the lecture was about.

16. Roses need a little water every day.

А.

Прилагательные

long big nice longer bigger nicer the longest the biggest the nicest easy happy easier happier the easiest the happiest

reliable expensive more/less reliable more/less expensive the most/least reliable the most/least expensive

good little bad much/many far better less worse more father/further the best the least the worst the most the farthest/the furthest

Наречия

fast early	faster earlier	fastest earliest

clearly	more clearly	most clearly

well badly much little far	better worse more less farther further	best worst most least farthest furthest

1. The weather wasn’t very good yesterday but it’s better today.

2. Tokyo is Japan’s largest city. It is also bigger than New York.

3. It is getting harder and harder to find a job.

4. The game will be much more exciting than last year.

5. It’s easier to phone than to write a letter.

6. Be more careful next time.

7. How far is the station? A mile? – No, further, about two miles.

8. The bag is heavy but the suitcase is heavier.

9. They’ve got more money than they need.

10. This building is very old. – Yes, it’s the oldest building in the town.

11. What’s the most unusual thing you’ve ever done?

12. She is as old as him but she is not as/so old as her sister.

13. I don’t eat as much as you. I eat less than you.

14. Bill is the same age as John. – Yes, they are the same age.

15. I don’t play tennis as often as you do. You play it more often.

Irregular verbs

№	V1	V2	V3	Значение
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60	am be are become begin bring build buy can come cost do draw drink eat fall feel fight find fly forget get give go grow hang have hear hold know leave let make may meet pay put read retell ring rise run say see sell send show shut sing sit sleep speak spend stand swim take tell think understand wake win write	was were became began brought built bought could came cost did drew drank ate fell felt fought found flew forgot got gave went grew hung had heard held knew left let made might met paid put read retold rang rose ran said saw sold sent showed shut sang sat slept spoke spent stood swam took told thought understood woke won wrote	been become begun brought built bought - come cost done drawn drunk eaten fallen felt fought found flown forgotten got given gone grown hung had heard help known left let made - met paid put read retold rung risen run said seen sold sent shown shut sung sat slept spoken spent stood swum taken told thought understood woken won written	быть, находиться становиться начинать приносить строить покупать мочь, могу приходить стоить делать рисовать пить есть падать чувствовать бороться находить летать забывать получать давать идти, ходить расти вешать иметь слышать держать узнать оставлять позволять делать могу встречать платить класть читать пересказывать звонить подниматься бегать сказать видеть продавать посылать показывать закрывать петь сидеть спать готовить тратить (деньги) проводить (время) стоять плавать орать рассказывать думать понимать просыпаться выигрывать писать

Phonetic alphabet

Consonants

p p ull /pul/, cu p /kΛp/ tʃ ch eap /tʃI:p/, ca tch /kætʃ/

b b ull /bul/, ro b /r ɔ b/ dʒ j ail /dʒeIl/, bri dg e /brIdʒ/

f f erry /'feri/, li f e /laIf/ k c ase /keIs/, ta k e /taIk/

v v ery /'veri/, li v e /lIv/ g g o /gəu/, ru g /rΛg/

θ th ink /θIŋk/, ba th /ba:θ/ m m y /maI/, co m e /kΛm/

ð th en / ðen/, wi th /wIð/ n n o /nəu/, o n / ɔ n/

t t ake /teIk/, se t /set/ ŋ si ng /sIŋ/, fi ng er /'fIŋgə(r)/

d d ay /deI/, re d /red/ l l ove /lΛv/, ho l e /həul/

s s ing /sIŋ/, ri c e /raIs/ r r ound /raund/, ca rr y /'kærI/

z z oo /zu:/, day s /deIz/ w w ell /wel/

ʃ sh ow /ʃəu/, wi sh /wIʃ/ j y oung /jΛŋ/

ʒ plea s ure /'pleʒə(r)/, h h ouse /haus/

occa s ion /ə'keIʒn/

The sign (') shows stress.