Доказательство разумного замысла и создание из ничего

 

Согласно доказательству разумного замысла, Бог – это наделенное сознанием, силой и знанием Бытие, которое придает всему форму и совершает то, что пожелает. То есть, Бог – это та сила, что действует на всех этапах возникновения и развития Вселенной и господствует надо всем существующим потенциально и в действительности. Проект Вселенной, созданный Богом, является основным обоснованием всех Его ранее перечисленных определений. Доказательство существования замысла не только обосновывает все определения Бога, но и служит обоснованием того, что Бог является создателем всего во Вселенной.

Проект Вселенной воплощен в рамках научных законов с помощью присутствующей в ней материи. Мы убедились в том, что протоны, электроны, нейтроны и кварки, которые являются своеобразным «строительным материалом», а также сильное ядерное взаимодействие, электромагнитное взаимодействие, слабое ядерное взаимодействие и сила притяжения, которые действует на материю, полностью упорядочены и выверены. Это означает, что материя была создана. Все законы физики, химии, биохимии имманентны материи; эти законы рассматриваются в рамках концепции создания материи как одна из особенностей материи. Все эти законы, по сути, и есть сама материя. Использование данных законов с определенной целью во Вселенной, а также организация порядка во Вселенной с помощью этих законов вновь указывают нам на то, что и они были заранее спроектированы. Тот факт, что и «строительный материал», составляющий материю, и силы, господствующие над материей, и законы, имманентные ей, являются продуктом сознательного проектирования, доказывает, что и материя была создана, другими словами, что материя – это результат проектирования. Материя – не вечный и бесконечный элемент, который Бог использовал, создавая Вселенную. Подобно всему во Вселенной, материя также была создана. Если бы она не была сотворенным элементом, то вряд ли она оказалась бы таким ловким слугой, которого можно было бы использовать в Божьих целях так, как будет угодно. С помощью данных, которые были получены благодаря научным исследованиям, проведенным в рамках доказательства разумного замысла, удалось выяснить, что материя была создана для использования с определенной целью и что она вместе с имманентными ей законами является материалом для реализации задумки Бога.

Доказательство существования замысла вне зависимости от теории Большого взрыва демонстрирует нам то, что Вселенная была создана. Доказательства Большого взрыва, законы термодинамики, философские аргументы и доказательство существования разумного замысла объединяют свои усилия, когда речь идет о создании Вселенной из ничего.

 

ЛИТЕРАТУРА

 

Allen F. The Origin of the World – by Chance or Design? In The Evidence of God in an Expanding Universe / Ed. by J. C. Monsma. Putnam’s Sons, 1958.

Alpher R. A. Theology of the Big Bang // Religious Humanism. 1983.

Alpher R. A., Herman R. Genesis of the Big Bang. Oxford University Press, 2000.

Aquinas Thomas St. The Summa Theologica. Burns Oates, Washburne, 1920.

Aristoteles. Metaphysics / Tr. by W. D. Ross. Princeton University Press, 1984.

Aristoteles. Fizik / Çev. S. Babür. Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2001.

Armstrong K. A History of God. Borzoi Books, Alfred A. Knopf, 1994.

Asadi M. A. Birliğin Teorisi / Çev. K. Genç. Gelenek Yayıncılık, 2003.

Atay H. Farabi Ve İbni Sina’ya Göre Yaratma. Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi, 1974.

Atkins P. W. The Creation. Freeman, 1981.

Aydın M. Din Felsefesi. İzmir İlahiyat Fakültesi Vakfı Yayınları, 1999.

Barbour I. G When Science Meets Religion. Harper Collins Publishers, 2000.

Barrow J. D. Anthropic Definitions // Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society. 1983.

Barrow J. D. The World within the World. Clarendon Press, 1988.

Barrow J. D., Tipler F. J. The Anthropic Cosmological Principle. Oxford University Press, 1986.

Bartholomew D. J. God of Chance. London: SCM Press, 1984.

Bernstein, J., Feinberg G. Cosmological Constant: Papers in Modern Cosmology. Columbia University Press, 1986.

Bludman S. A. Thermodynamics and the End of a Closed Universe // Nature. 1984. Vol. 308.

Bolzano B. Paradoxes of the Infinite / Tr. by F. Prihonsky. Routledge & Kegal Paul, 1950.

Bondi H., Gold T. The Steady-State Theory of the Expanding Univrse // Mon. Not. Roy. Astr. Soc., 1948.

Boorstin D. J. The Creators. Vintage Books Edition, 1993.

Boslough J. Stephen Hawking’in Evreni / Çev. O. Bahadır. Sarmal Yayınevi, 1995.

Broad C. D. Kant’s Mathematical Antinomies // Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society. 1955.

Brooke J. H. Science and Religion. Cambridge University Press, 1991.

Brown D. Continental Philosophy and Modern Theology. Basil Blackwell, 1987.

Cantor G. Contributions to the Founding of the Theory of Transfinite Numbers / Tr. with an Introduction by P. E. B. Jourdain. Dover Publications, 1915.

Carter B. Large Number Coincidences and the Anthropic Principle in Cosmology, In Confrontation of Cosmological Theory with Observational Data / Ed. by M. S. Longair. Reidel, 1974.

Carvin W. P. Creation and Scientific Explanation. Scottish Academic Press, 1983.

Cevizci A. Paradigma Felsefe Sözlüğü / Dördüncü Basım. Paradigma Yayınları, 2000.

Christopher F., Mooney S. J. Theology and Scientific Knowledge. University of Notre Dame Press, 1996.

Clarke W. N. Is a Natural Theology Still Possible Today? In Physics Philosophy, and Theology / Ed. by R. J. Russell, W. R. Stoeger, G. V. Coyne. University of Notre Dame Press, 1988.

Cobb J. B. Process Theology: An Introductory Exposition. Westminster Press, 1976.

Coles P., Lucchin F. Cosmology: The Origin and Evolution of Cosmic Structure. John Wiley, 1995.

Copernicus N. Gökcisimlerinin Dönüşleri Üzerine / Çev. S. Babür. Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2002.

Copleston F. A History of Philosophy. Burns & Oates, 1960.

Craig W. L. The Existence of God and the Beginning of the Universe. 1979.

Craig W. L. Barrow and Tipler on the Anthropic Principle vs Divine Design // British Journal for the Philosophy of science. 1988. Vol. 38.

Craig W. L. The Teleological Argument and the Anthropic Principle / The Logic of Rational Theism: Exploratory Essays. 1990.

Craig W. L. The Ultimate Question of Origins. God and the Beginning of the Universe // Astrophysics and Space Science. 1999. Vol. 269–270. Iss. 0. P. 721–738.

Craig W. L. The Kalam Cosmological Argument. Wipf And Stock Publishers, 2000.

Craig W. L., Smith Q. Atheism and Big Bang Cosmology. Oxford University Press, 1995.

Craig W. L., Smith Q. Theism, Atheism and Big Bang Cosmology. Clarendon Press, 1995.

Dawkins R. The Selfish Gene. Oxford University Press, 1989.

Dawkins R. The Blind Watchmaker. Penguin Books, 1991.

Davies P. Super Force. Simon And Schuster, 1984.

Davies B. An Introduction to the Philosophy of Religion / 2^nd ed. Oxford University Press, 1993.

Davies P. The Mind Of God. Simon And Schuster, 1993.

Davies P. Son Üç Dakika / Çev. S. Gül. Varlık Yayınları, 1996.

Dembski W. A. Mere Creation; Science, Faith & Intelligent Design. Inter Varsity Press, 1998.

Dembski W. A. Intelligent Design. Inter Varsity Press, 1999.

Denton M. J. Nature’s Destiny. Simon And Schuster, 1998.

Descartes R. Metafizik Düşünceler / Çev. M. Karasan, 1947.

Descartes R. Metot Üzerine Konuşma / Çev. K. S. Sel. Sosyal Yayınları, 1994.

Descartes R. Aklın Yöntemleri İçin Kurallar / Çev. M. Ökmen. Sosyal Yayınları, 1999.

Drees W. B. Beyond The Big Bang. Open Court Publishing, 1993.

Dyson F. Disturbing the Universe. Harper & Row, 1979.

Dyson F. Time Without End: Physics and Biology in an open Universe. Reviews of Modern Physics, 1979.

Dyson F. Infinite in All Directions. Harper and Row, 1988.

Efil Ş. İslam ve Batı Düşüncesinde Yaratılış Modelleri. Pınar Yayınları, 2002.

Einstein A. The Theory of Relativity and Other Essays. Carol Publishing Group, 1950.

Einstein A. The Meaning of Relativity. 5^th ed. Princeton University Press, 1966.

Einstein A., Infeld L. Fiziğin Evrimi. Onur Yayınları, 1976.

Einstein A. İzafiyet Teorisi / Çev. G. Aktaş. Say Yayınları.

Elias N. Zaman Üzerine / Çev. V. Atayman. Ayrıntı Yayınları, 2000.

Ellins G. F. R. Alternatives to the Big Bang // Annual Reviews in Astronomy and Astrophysics. 1984.

Feynman R. Fizik Yasaları Üzerine / Çev. N. Arık. Tübitak Popüler Bilim Kitapları, 1998.

Filkin D. Stephen Hawking’in Evreni / Çev. M. Harmancı. Aksoy Yayıncılık, 1998.

Fölsing A. Albert Einstein. Penguin Books, 1998.

Frautschi S. Entropy in an Expanding Universe // Science. 1982. Vol. 217.

Gamow G. The Creation of the Universe. Viking Press, 1952.

Gamow G. 1-2-3 Sonsuz / Çev. C. Kapkın. Evrim Yayınevi, 1995.

Gazâli M. Filozofların Tutarsızlığı / Çev. Dr. B. Karlığa. Çağrı Yayınları, 1981.

Gazâli M. Felsefenin Temel İlkeleri / Çev. C. Erdemci. Vadi Yayınları, 2002.

Geisler N. L. The Collapse of Modern Atheism // The Intellectuals Speak Out About God. Ed. by R. A. Varghese. 1984.

Gilkey L. Whatever Happened to Immanuel Kant? A Study of Selected Cosmologies, In The Church and Contemporary Cosmology / Ed. by J. B. Miller, K. E. McCall. Carnegie-Mellon University, 1987.

Gilson E. The Philosophy of St. Bonaventure / Tr. by D. I. Trethowan, F. J. Sheed. Sheed & Ward, 1938.

Gould S. J. The Flamingo’s Smile: Reflections in Natural History. W. W. Norton & Company, 1985.

Gödel K. A Remark about the Relationship between Relativity Theory and Idealistic Philosophy // Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist / Ed. P. A. Schilpp. La Salle, Open Court, 1949.

Greene B. The Elegant Universe: Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory. W. W. Norton & Company, 1999.

Gribbin J. In Search of the Big Bang. Bantan Books, 1986.

Gribbin J., Rees M. Cosmic Coincidences: Dark Matter, Mankind, and Anthropic Cosmology. Bantam Books, 1989.

Guillen M. Dünyayı Değiştiren Beş Denklem / Çev. G. Tanrıöver. Tübitak Popüler Bilim Kitapları, 2001.

Guth A. H. The Inflationary Universe: The Quest for a New Theory of Cosmic Origins. Perseur Books Group, 2000.

Guth A. H., Sher M. The Impossibility of a Bouncing Universe, 1983.

Hallberg F. W. Barrow and Tipler’s Anthropic Cosmological Principle. Zygon, 1988.

Hartle J. B., Hawking S. W. Wave Function of the Universe // Physical Review. 1983.

Hartle J. Gravity: An Introduction to Einstein’s General Relativity. Addison-Wesley Longman, 2002.

Hasker W. God, Time and Knowledge. Cornell University Press, 1989.

Hawking S. The Edge of Spacetime // American Scientist. 1984. Vol. 72.

Hawking S. Quantum Cosmology // Relativity, Groups and Topology / Ed. by B. S. DeWitt, R. Stora. North Holland Physics Publishing, 1984.

Hawking S. Arrow of Time in Cosmology // Physical Review. 1985.

Hawking S. Zamanın Kısa Tarihi / Çev. S. Say ve M. Uraz. Doğan Kitapçılık, 1988.

Hawking S. Ceviz Kabuğundaki Evren / Çev. K. Çömlekçi. Alfa Basım Yayım, 2002.

Hefner P. J. God and Chaos: the Demiurge versus the Ungrund. Zygon, 1984.

Heisenberg W. Einstein’la Yüzleşmek / Çev. K. Budak. Gelenek Yayıncılık, 2003.

Heller M. Big Bang on Ultimate Questions // Origin and Early History of the Universe. Cointe-Ougree, 1987.

Hetherington N. S. Encyclopedia of Cosmology. Garland, 1993.

Hilbert D. On the Infinite // Philosophy of Mathematics / Ed. with an Introduction by P. Benacerraf, H. Putnam. 1964.

History of Astronomy: An Encyclopedia / Ed. byJ. Lankford. Routledge, 2013.

Hocaoğlu D. Türk-İslam Düşüncesi Ve Modern Fizikte Kozmoz. Felsefe Doktora Tezi İstanbul Üniversitesi (Yayınlanmamış), 1994.

Hooft G. Maddenin Son Yapıtaşları / Çev. M. Koca, N. Koca. Tübitak Popiler Bilim Kitapları, 2002.

Hoyle F. From Stonehenge To Modern Cosmology. W. H. Freeman Publishing, 1972.

Hoyle F., Wickramasinghe C. Evolution from Space. J. M. Dent & Sons, 1981.

Huby P. M. Kant or Cantor? That the Universe, if Real, Must be Finite in Both Space and Time. Philosophy, 1971.

Hume D. Din Üstüne / Çev. M. Tunçay. İmge Kitabevi Yayınları, 1995.

Isham C. J. Quantum Gravity. Oxford University Press, 1975.

Isham C. J. Creation of Universe as a Quantum Process // Physics, Philosophy, and Theology / Ed. by R. J. Russell, W. R. Stoeger, G. V. Coyne. University of Notre Dame Press, 1988.

Islam J. N. The Ultimate Fate of the Universe. Sky and Telescope, 1983.

Jeans Sir J. Fizik ve Filozofi / Çev. Prof. Dr. A. R. Bekman. T. C. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Yayınları, 1950.

John Paul II. Message of His Holiness John Paul II // Physics, Philosophy, and Theology / Ed. by R. J. Russell, W. R. Stoeger, G. V. Coyne. University of Notre Dame Press, 1988.

Kant I. Arı Usun Eleştirisi / Çev. A. Yardımlı. 1993.

Kant I. Ahlak Metafiziğinin Temellendirilmesi / Çev. İ. Kuçuradi. Türkiye Felsefe Kurumu, 1995.

Kant I. Evrensel Doğa Tarihi Ve Gökler Kuramı / Çev. S. Selmi. Sarmal Yayınları, 1997.

Kant I. Pratik Usun Eleştirisi / Çev. İ. Z. Eyuboğlu. Say Yayınları, 2001.

Kindi. Felsefi Risaleler / Çev. M. Kaya. İz Yayıncılık, 1994.

Kitcher Ph. Abusing Science: The Case Against Creationism. M.I.T Press, 1982.

Kragh H. The Begining of the World: George Lemaitre and the Expanding Universe. Centaurus, 1987.

Kung H. Does God Exist? An Answer for Today. 1980.

Kutluer İ. İbn Sina Ontolojisinde Zorunlu Varlık. İz Yayıncılık, 2002.

Lange F. A. Materyalizmin Tarihi Ve Günümüzdeki Anlamının Eleştirisi. Birinci Cilt / Çev. A. Arslan. Sosyal Yayınları, 1998.

Lange F. A. Materyalizmin Tarihi Ve Günümüzdeki Anlamının Eleştirisi. İkinci Cilt / Çev. A. Arslan. Sosyal Yayınları, 1998.

Layzer D. The arrow of Time // Scientific American. 1975. Vol. 233.

Leibniz G. W. Monadoloji / Çev. S. K. Yetkin. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Yayınları, 1997.

Lemaitre G. The Primeval Atom: A Hypothesis of the Origin of the Universe / Tr. by B. H. Korff, S. A. Korff. D. Van Nostrand, 1950.

Leslie J. Anthropic Principle, World Ensemble, Design // American Philosophical Quarterly. 1982. Vol. 19.

Leslie J. Cosmology, Probability, and the Need to explain All Existence // Scientific Explanation and Understanding: Essay on Reasoning and Rationality in Science / Ed. by N. Rescher. University Press of America, 1983.

Leslie J. Modern Cosmology and the Creation of Life // Evolution and Creation / Ed. by E. McMullin. Notre Dame Press, 1985.

Leslie J. The Scientific Weight of Anthropic and Teleological Principle // Current Issues in Teleology / Ed. by N. Rescher. University Press of Amerika, 1986.

Leslie J. Universes. Routledge, 1989.

Lenin V. İ. Materyalizm Ve Ampiriokritisizm / Çev. İ. Yarkın. 2. Cilt. İnter Yayınları, 1989.

Linde A. D. Particle Physics and Inflationary Cosmology. Harwood Academic Publishers, 1990.

Long C. H. Cosmogony // The Encyclopedia of Religion / Ed. by M. Eliade. Macmillan, 1987.

Longair M. S. Our evolving Universe. Cambridge University Press, 1996.

Lovell B. Creation. Theology, 1980.

Macintyre A. Erdem Peşinde / Çev. M. Özcan. Ayrıntı Yayınları, 2001.

Mackie J. L. The Miracle of Theism: Arguments for and against the Existence of God. Clarendon Press, 1982.

Magee B. Felsefenin Öyküsü / Çev. B. S. Şener. Dost Kitabevi Yayınları, 2000.

Malebranche M. Hakikatin Araştırılması I-II-III / Çev. M. Katırcıoğlu. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Yayınları, 1997.

Marx K. Demokritos ile Epikuros’un Doğa Felsefeleri / Çev. H. Demirhan. Sol Yayınları, 2000.

Marx K., Engels F. Felsefe İncelemeleri / Çev. S. Belli. Sol Yayınları, 1979.

McCall S. Objective Time Flow // Philosophy of Science. 1976.

McMullin E. How should Cosmology Relate to Theology? // The Sciences and Theology in the Twentieth Century / Ed. by A. R. Peacocke. University of Notre Dame Press, 1981.

McMullin E Natural Science and Belief in a Creator: Historical Notes // Physics, Philosophy, and Theology / Ed. by R. J. Russell, W. R. Stoeger, G. V. Coyne. University of Notre Dame Press, 1988.

Mellor D. H. Real Time. Pitman Press, 1981.

Miethe T., Flew A. Does God Exist? Harper Collins Publishers, 1991.

Misner Ch. W. Absolute Zero of Time. Physical Review, 1969.

Misner Ch. W. Cosmology and Theology // Cosmology, History and Theology / Ed. by W. Yourgrau, A. D. Breck. Plenum Press, 1977.

Misner Ch. W., Thorne K. S., Wheeler J. A. Gravitation. W. H. Freeman and Company, 1973.

Monsma J. C. The Evidence of God in an Expanding Universe. Putnam’s Sons, 1958.

Morris H. Scientific Creationism. San Diego: Inst. of Creation Research, 1974.

Mather J. C., Boslough J. The Very First Light. Basic Books / Harper Collins, 1996.

Munitz M. K. Space, Time and Creation: Philosophical Aspects of Scientific Cosmology. Free Press, 1957.

Murphy N. Acceptability Criteria for Work in Theology and Science. Zygon, 1987.

Narlikar J. V. The Primeval Universe. Oxford University Press, 1988.

Neville R. C. God the Creator. University of Chicago Press, 1968.

Nizan P. Eskiçağ Maddecileri / Çev. A. Timuçin. Telos Yayıncılık, 1998.

O’Hear A. Experience, Explanation and Faith: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Religion. Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1984.

O’Keefe J. A. The Theological Impact of the New Cosmology. Warner Books, 1980.

Osserman R. Evrenin Şiiri / Çev. İ. Birkan. Tübitak Popüler Bilim Kitapları, 2000.

Padmanabhan T. After the First Three Minutes: The Story of Our Universe. Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Page D. N. Can Inflation Explain Thermodynamics? // International Journal of Theoretical Physics. 1984.

Page D. N. Will Entropy Decrease if the Universe Recollapses? // Physical Review. 1985.

Page D. N. The Importance of the Anthropic Principle, 1987.

Paley W. Natural Theology: Selections / Ed. by F. Ferre. Bobbs-Merrill, 1963.

Pannenberg W. Basic Questions in Theology. Fortress, 1971.

Pannenberg W. Theological questions to Scientist // The Sciences and Theology in the Twentieth Century / Ed. by A. R. Peacocke. University of Notre Dame Press, 1981.

Patton G. M., Wheeler J. A. Is Physics Legislated by Cosmogony? // Quantum Gravitiy / Ed. by C. J. Isham, R. Penrose, D. W. Sciama. Oxford University Press, 1975.

Peacocke A. R. Thermodynamics and Life. Zygon, 1984.

Peacocke A. R. Biological Evolution and Christian Theology / Ed. by J. Durant. Basil Blackwell, 1985.

Peacocke A. R. Science and Theology Today: A Critical realist Perspective // Religion and Intellectual Life. 1986. Vol. 5.

Peebles P. J. Principles of Physical Cosmology. Princeton University Press, 1993.

Penrouse R., Hawking S. The Nature of Space and Time. Princeton University Press, 1996.

Peters K. E. Toward a Physics, Metaphysics, and Theology of Creation: A Trinitarian View // Religion, Science, and Public Policy / Ed. by F. T. Birtel. Crossroad, 1987.

Peters T. On Creating the Cosmos // Physics, Philosophy and Theology / Ed. by R. J. Russell, W. R. Stoeger, G. V. Coyne. University of Notre Dame Press, 1988.

Peterson M. Reason and Religious Belief: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Religion. Oxford University Press, 1991.

Plantinga A. The Nature of Necessity. Oxford University Press, 1974.

Plantinga A. When Faith and Reason Clash: Evolution and the Bible // Christian Scholar’s Review. 1991. Vol. XXI.

Platon. Timaios / Çev. E. Güney, Lütfi Ay. M. E. B. Yayınları, 1989.

Platon. Devlet / Çev. S. Eyuboğlu, M. A. Cimcoz. Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, 2000.

Polchinski J. String Theory: An Introduction to the Bosonic String. Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Polkinghorne J. Science and Creation: The Search for Understanding. S.P.C.K, 1988.

Polkinghorne J. A Revived Natural Theology // Science and Religion: One World Changing Perspectives on Reality / Ed. by J. Fennema, I. Paul. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1990.

Politzer G. Felsefenin Temel İlkeleri / Çev. E. Aytekin. Sosyal Yayınları, 1993.

Popper K. R. Bilimsel Araştırmanın Mantığı / Çev. İ. Aka, İ. Turan. Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 1998.

Popper K. R. On the Possibility of an Infinite Past: A Reply to Whitrow // British Journal For the Philosophy of Science, 1978.

Rees M. J. Just Six Numbers: The Deep Forces that Shape the Universe. Basic Books, 2000.

Rees M. J. Our Cosmic Habitat. Princeton University Press, 2001.

Reeves H. İlk Saniye / Çev. E. Özdoğan. Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2001.

Rifkin J., Howard T. Entropi Dünyaya Yeni Bir Bakış / Çev. H. Okay. İz Yayıncılık, 1997.

Ross D. Aristoteles / Çev. İ. O. Anar. Kabalcı Yayınevi, 2002.

Ross H. The Fingerprint of God. Whitaker House, 1989.

Ross H. The Creator and the Cosmos. Navpress Books, 1993.

Ruse M. The Darwinian Paradigm; Essays on its History, Philosophy, and Religious Implications. Routledge, 1989.

Russell B. Religion and Science. Thornton Buterworth, 1935.

Russell B. Batı Felsefesi Tarihi 1, 2, 3 / Çev. M. Sencer. Say Yayınları, 2000.

Rüşd İbn. Felsefe Din İlişkisi / Çev. Doç. Dr. B. Karlığa. İşaret Yayınları, 1999.

Silk J. Evrenin Kısa Tarihi / Çev. M. Alev. Tubitak Yayınları, 2000.

Smith N. K. A Commentary to Kant’s ‘Critique of Pure Reason’. Macmillan & Co, 1918.

Smith Q. The Anthropic Principle, and Many-Worlds Cosmologies // Australasian Journal of Philosophy. 1985. Vol. 63.

Smith Q. The Anthropic Coincidences, Evil and the Disconfirmation of Theism // Religious Studies. 1992. Vol. 28.

Swinburne R. The Beginning of the Universe. The Aristotelian Society, 1962.

Swinburne R. Space and Time. Macmillan, 1968.

Swinburne R. The Argument from Design – A Defence // Religious Studies. 1972. Vol. 8.

Swinburne R. The Coherence of Theism. Clarendon Press, 1977.

Swinburne R. Faith and Reason. Oxford University Press, 1981.

Swinburne R. Argument from the Fine-Tuning of the Universe // Philosophy / Ed. by A. Phillips Griffiths. Cambridge University Press, 1989.

Swinburne R. Argument from the Fine-Tuning of the Universe // Physical Cosmology and Philosophy / Ed. by J. Leslie. Collier Macmaillan, 1990.

Swinburne R. Evidence for God // Miethe and Flew. 1991.

Swinburne R. Tanrı Var mı? / Çev. Yrd. Doç. Dr. M. Akbaş. Arasta Yayınları, 2001.

Taylan N. Tanrı Sorunu. Şehir Yayınları, 1998.

Taylor A. E. Does God Exist? Fontana Books, 1961.

Taylor R. Metaphysics / 2^nd edition. Prentice-Hall, 1974.

Tennant F. R. Philosophical Theology. Vol. 2. Cambridge University Press, 1930.

Thorne K. Black Holes and Time Warps: Einstein’s Outrageous Legacy. W. W. Norton & Company, 1994.

Tolman R. C. Relativity, Thermodynamics, and Cosmology. Clarendon Press, 1934.

Wald R. M. General Relativity. University of Chicago Press, 1984.

Ward K. Rational Theology and the Creativity of God. Basil Blackwell, 1982.

Weber A. Felsefe Tarihi / Çev. H. V. Eralp. Sosyal Yayınları, 1998.

Weinberg S. İlk Üç Dakika / Çev. Z. Aydın ve Z. Aslan. Tübitak Popiler Bilim Kitapları, 1999.

Weinberg S. Atomaltı Parçacıklar / Çev. Z. Aydın. Tübitak Popiler Bilim Kitapları, 2002.

Wells J. Darwinism and the Argument from Design // Dialogue and Allience. 1990. Vol. 4.

Whitrow G. J. The Natural Philosophy of Time. Thomas Nelson & Sons, 1961.

Whitrow G. J. Time and the Universe // The Voices of Time / Ed. by J. T. Fraser. Penguin Press, 1968.

Whitrow G. J. On the Impossibility of an Infinite Past // British Journal For the Philosophy of Science. 1978.

Yaran C. S. The Argument from Design in Contemporary Thought. University of Wales, 1994. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi).

Yaran C. S. Din Ve Bilim, Çağdaş Batı ve İslam Düşüncesinden Seçme Felsefi Yazılar. Sidre Yayınları, 1997.

Yaran C. S. Klasik Ve Çağdaş Metinlerde Din Felsefesi. Etüt Yayınları, 1997.

Yaran C. S. Bilgelik Peşinde Din Felsefesi Yazıları. Araştırma Yayınları, 2002.

Yockey H. P. A Calculation of the Probability of Spontaneous Biogenesis by Information Theory // Journal of Theoretical Biology. 1997. Vol. 67.

Zycinsky J. M The Anthropic Principle and Teleological Interpretation of Nature // Review of Metaphysics. 1987. Vol. 41.

Zwart P. J. About Time. Nort Holland Publishing, 1976.

 

[1] Вахдади вуджут – суфийская концепция «единства бытия». – Прим. ред.