Complete each sentence using the words given below.

1....... of our country is the Russian Federation.

2. Russia is a... state.

3. All the republics... more than 100 nationalities.

4. The Constitution...... on the twelfth of December, in 1993.

5. Russia...... by many seas and three oceans.

6. The climate of our country is....

7. Russia... the richest natural resources in the world.

8. Russia... is of the...... countries in the world.

9....,... and... are the main branches of our agriculture.

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varied; sheep-farming, cattle-farming, dairy-farming; highly -industrialized; the official name; is washed; multinational; possesses; was proclaimed; represent.

 

Translate from Russian into English.

1. Россия - одно из крупнейших государств в мире.

2. Главой государства и правительства является президент, выбираемый на 4 года.

3. Урал образует естественную границу между Европой и Азией.

4. Основными источниками для развития промышленности являются уголь, нефть, газ и железная руда.

5. Овощи и фрукты, пшеница и другие зерновые культуры выращиваются в большинстве районов нашей страны.

6. Россия - крупный центр науки и культуры.

7. Миллионы туристов приезжают в Россию посмотреть достопримечательности.

 

7. Speak on:

1. Geography. 2. Industry. 3. Agriculture. 4. Political system.5. Science and Culture.

Make up a plan of the text.

Retell the text, using your own plan.

THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

1. Read and translate the text given below:

The Russian Federation is one of the biggest countries in the world. It occupies about one seventh of the surface. The total area is about 17 million square kilometers. Russia is situated in the eastern part of Europe and in the northern part of Asia. The country is washed by three oceans and three seas: the Pacific, Arctic, Atlantic oceans and the Black, Baltic, Caspian and other seas. The Russian Federation borders on many countries: Norway, Finland, the Ukraine, Georgia and many others.

We have steppes in the south, plains and forests in the midland, tundra and taiga in the north, highland and deserts in the east. There are two great plains in Russia: the Great Russian Plain and the West Siberian Lowland. There are several mountain chains on the territory of the country: the Urals, the Caucasus, the Altai and others. There are about two million rivers in Russia. Europe’s biggest river is the Volga. The main Siberian rivers are the Ob, the Yenisei and the Lena. The Amur in the Far east flows into the Pacific ocean.

Russia is rich in beautiful lakes. The world’s deepest lake is Lake Baikal. It is much smaller than the Baltic Sea, but there is much more water in it. The water was so clean that if you looked down you could see the bottom. But now the water is becoming dirty.

There are various types of climate, from arctic in the north to subtropical in the south. In the middle the climate is temperate and continental.

Russia is very rich in coal, oil, iron ore, natural gas, copper, nickel, and other mineral resources.

The Russian Federation is a parliamentary republic. The head of the State is the President. The legislative powers ate represented by the Duma. The capital of Russia is Moscow. It is the largest political, scientific, cultural and industrial centre. It is one of the oldest Russian cities.

At present, the political and economic situation in the country is rather complicated. There are a lot of problems in the national economy of the Russian Federation. Many people hope for the best, for the better future for their children born in the wonderful and terrible, once powerful country with the glorious past and sometimes inglorious present. As a representative of the younger generation I want to join the belief that my country will be strong and powerful again one day.

2. Give Russian equivalents:

Total area, is washed by, borders on, plain, flows in, is rich in, bottom, subtropical, mineral resources, iron ore, are represented by, once powerful, (in)glorious, complicated situation, join the belief.

 

3. Translate into English:

Одна седьмая земной поверхности, общая площадь, Тихий океан, граничить с Финляндией, Великая Русская равнина, Западносибирская низменность, горные цепи, впадать в океан, на Дальнем Востоке, умеренный климат, полезные ископаемые, парламентская республика, национальная экономика России, страна со славным прошлым.

 

4. Answer the following questions:

1) What is the total area of the Russian Federation?

2) What countries does Russia border on?

3) What seas is the country washed by?

4) What can you say about the variety of scenery?

5) Can you name the largest Russian plains?

6) What are the greatest mountain chains?

7) What rivers of Russia do you know? Where do they flow?

8) What are the problems of the deepest lake in the world?

9) What types of climate can we find in Russia?

10) What mineral resources is our motherland rich in?

11) Are there any problems in the national economy of the Russian Federation?

5. Find more information and tell about the Russian Federation according to the plan:

1) The total area of Russia.

2) The oceans and seas washing our country.

3) The countries our motherland borders on.

4) The plains, forests and mountains in Russia.

5) The rivers and the lakes.

6) The types of climate.

7) The mineral resources of Russia.

8) The political structure of Russia today.

9) The complicated situation in our country.

10) Your own estimation (оценка) of today’s economic and political situation in Russia.

 

6. Fill in the necessary word:

1) The total area of Moscow is …1100 square kilometers.

2) Abkhazia is washed … the Black sea.

3) The USA borders … Canada … the north and Mexico … the south.

4) The Volga flows … the Caspian sea.

5) The UAE is rich … oil.