III. Употребите возвратные местоимения

l.The town... is a very quite place. 2. He wants to do it... 3. She chose a present... 4. 1 said it to... 5. The baby dressed... 6. They wash... with cold water.

IV. Образуйте от глаголов причастие II, переведите словосочетания на русский язык.

a coat (to buy) - a bought coat, things (to keep), eggs (to boil), tables (to overturn), a glass (to broke), a house (to surround by trees)

V. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на видовременные формы страдательного

Залога.

1. The book was bought by me. 2. English is spoken in many countries. 3. They were sent on a trip abroad. 4. Important questions are discussed by our State Duma every day. 5. The answer will be sent immediately. 6. These books will be used by them till the end of the year.

VI. Перепишите предложения, обратите внимание на придаточные предложения; переведите
их на русский язык.

1. They will all be surprised, if I come in time. 2. If no one came to help, we should be obliged to do the work ourselves. 3. If my sister hadn't gone to St. Petersburg, we should have spent the summer at the Black Sea. 4. If my friend is at home, he will tell us what to do. 5. If he had worked hard, he would have achieved great progress. 6. I would write a composition long ago, if I had enough time.

VII. Прочитайте текст, переведите его письменно и ответьте на вопросы после текста.

Welding

Welding is a process when metal parts are joined together by the application of heat, pressure or a combination of both. The process of welding can be divided into two main groups:

• pressure welding, when the weld is achieved by pressure and

• heat welding, when the weld is achieved by heat

Heat welding is the most common welding process used today.

28

Nowadays welding is used instead of bolting and riveting in the construction of many types of constructions, including bridges, buildings, and ships. It is also a basic process in the manufacture of machinery and in the motor and aircraft industries. It is necessary almost in all productions where metals are used.

The welding process depends greatly on the properties of the metals, the purpose of their application and the available equipment. Welding processes are classified according to the sources of heat and pressure used: gas welding, arc welding, and resistance welding. Other joining processes are laser welding, and electron-beam welding.

Gas Welding

Gas welding is a non-pressure process using heat from a gas flame. The flame is applied directly to the metal edges to be joined and simultaneously to a filler metal in the form of wire or rod, called the welding rod, which is melted to the joint. Gas welding has the advantage of using equipment that is portable and doesn't require an electric power source. The surface to be welded and the welding rod are coated with flux, a fusible material that shields the material from air, which would resist in a defective weld.

Arc Welding

Arc welding is the most important welding process for joining steels. It requires a continuous supply of

either direct or alternating electrical current. This current is used to create an electric arc, which generates

enough heat to melt and create a weld.

Arc welding has several advantages over other welding methods. Arc welding is faster because the

concentration of heat is high. Also, fluxes are not necessary in certain methods of arc welding, The most

widely used arc-welding processes are shielded metal arc. gas-tungsten arc, gas-metal arc, and submerged

arc.

Wordlist

pressure welding сварка давлением

arc welding электродуговая сварка

resistance welding контактная сварка

laser welding лазерная сварка

electron-beam welding электронно-лучевая сварка

to shield заслонять, защищать

bolting скрепление болтами

riveting клепка

Questions

1. What is welding? 2. What are the two main groups of welding? 3. Where is welding necessary? 4. What do the welding process of today include? 5. What are the principles of gas and arc welding?

Контрольная работа № 3 Вариант № 4

I. Перепишите сложные существительные, определите в них основное слово; переведите на
русский язык.

a railway, a seaman, a postman, a classmate, a schoolboy, a shop-assistant

II. Образуйте причастие I от следующих глаголов, переведите словосочетания на русский язык

(to pass by) people - passing by people, a girl (to write on the blackboard), the sun (to rise), people (to gather), a (to paint) man, a (to work) crane

III. Употребите возвратные местоимения

1. He wants to build a house... .2. She cleaned the flat.... 3. You will finish the work.... 4. Look at... in the mirror. 5. We shall tell her everything....6. Help...!

IV. Образуйте от глаголов причастие II, переведите словосочетания на русский язык.

an (to establish) institution - an established institution, goods (to sell), parts (to machine), electrodes (to use), heal (to obtain), operations (to mechanize)

V. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на видовременные формы страдательного

залога.

1. Keys were lost yesterday. 2. The letter will be sent tomorrow. 3. Is she often asked? 4. Your question will be answered tomorrow. 5. 1 was offered an interesting job. 6. The dish is made with good taste.

VI. Перепишите предложения, обратите внимание на придаточные предложения; переведите
их на русский язык.

1. Не goes out when the weather will get warmer. 2. If he had known the timetable he wouldn't have missed the train. 3. It would be better if you learned to drive a car. 4. I would have sent a letter to you if I had known your address. 5. If 1 were you I wouldn't buy tickets beforehand. 6. If I have spare time, we shall go to dance.

1VII, Прочитайте текст, переведите его письменно и ответьте на вопросы после текста.

Resistance Welding

In resistance welding, heat is obtained from the resistance of metal to the flow of an electric current. Electrodes are clamped on each side of the parts to be welded, the parts are subjected to great pressure, and a heavy current is applied for a short period of time. The point where the two metals touch creates resistance to the flow of current. This resistance causes heat, which melts the metals and creates the weld. Resistance welding is widely employed in many fields of sheet metal or wire manufacturing and is often used for welds made by automatic or semi-automatic machines especially in automobile industry.

Non-consumable Electrode Arc welding

As a non-consumable electrodes tungsten or carbon electrodes can be used. In gas-tungsten arc welding a tungsten electrode is used in place of the metal electrode used in shielded metal-arc welding. A chemically inert gas. such as argon, helium, or carbon dioxide is used to shield the metal from oxidation. The heat from the arc formed between the electrode and the metal melts the edges of the metal. Metal for the weld may be added by placing a bare wire in the arc or the point of the weld. This process can be used with nearly all metals and produces a high-quality weld. However, the rate of welding is considerably slower than in other process.

Shielded Metal Arc welding

In shielded metal-arc welding, a metallic electrode, which conducts electricity, is coated with flux and connected to a source of electric current. The metal to be welded is connected to the other end of the same source of current. Touching the tip of the electrode to the metal and then drawing it away forms an electric arc. The intense heat of the arc melts both parts to be welded and the point of the metal electrode, which supplies filler metal for the weld. This process is used mainly for welding steels.

Gas-Metal Arc welding

In gas-metal welding, a bare electrode is shielded from the air by surrounding it with argon or carbon dioxide gas and sometimes by coating the electrode with flux. The electrode is fed into the electric arc, and melts off in droplets that enter the liquid metal of the weld seam. This process can join most metals.

Submerged Arc welding

Submerged-arc welding is similar to gas-metal arc welding, but in this process no gas is used to shield the weld. Instead of that, the arc and tip of the wire are submerged beneath a layer of granular, fusible material that covers the weld seam. This process is also called electroslag welding. It is very efficient but can be used only with steels.

Wordlist

resistance welding контактная сварка

gas-tungsten welding сварка оплавлением вольфрамовым электродом

среде инертного газа

gas-metal arc welding аргонодуговая сварка

carbon dioxide углекислый газ

to submerge погружать

Questions

1. What kinds of welding can be used for joining steels? 2. What is the difference between the arc welding jand non-consumable electrode arc welding? 3. How is electrode protected from the air in gas -metal arc welding? 4. What is submerged arc welding? 5. What is the principle of resistance welding?

Список литературы:

1. И. П. Агабекян, П.И. Коваленко «Английский для инженеров». Серия
«Учебники и учебные пособия» Ростов-на-Дону «Феникс» 2002 г.,
320 с.

2. Г. Выборова, К. Махмурян, О. Мельчина «Easy English» базовый курс.
Учебник для учащихся средней школы и студентов неязыковых вузов.
Москва «ACT - ПРЕСС» 2001 г., 384 с.

3. Г. Выборова, К. Махмурян «Сборник упражнений по английской
грамматике». Москва «ACT- ПРЕСС» 2000 г., 176 с.

4.Ю. Голицынский «Грамматика. Сборник упражнений». КАРО Санкт-Петербург 2002 г., 544 с.

5.М.Э. Еникеева, А.В. Зеленщиков «Английский для самостоятельной работы» Санкт-Петербург 2000 г.

6. А.В. Парахина «Пособие по переводу технических текстов с
английского языка на русский: Для средних специальных учебных
заведений. Москва «Высшая Школа» 1982 г., 191 с.

7. А.П. Старков, P.P. Диксон, Б.С. Островский "English 7ⁿ year". Санкт-
Петербург «Специальная Литература» 1998 г., 364 с.