Fill in the blanks with the particle to wherever necessary

1. I want … sing the new song, but I can’t … do it, because I have no ear for music.

2. Can’t you … make your boy … prepare his lessons well?

3. She wanted me … go there immediately.

4. You may... do it when you like; only remember that this is … be done well.

5. We asked him … tell us the story in detail.

Use infinitive constructions instead of the subordinate clauses.

1. The boys were the first who met us.

2. We expect that she will come and help us.

3. Take another pencil that you may write better.

4. Write down all their names lest you should

5. He is so tall that he can’t go through this low door.

Explain the difference between non-perfect and perfect form of the infinitive.

1. I’m glad to have helped you / I’m glad to help you.

2. You’d better stay there / You’d better have stayed there.

3. We know them to live in the flat next door / We know them to have lived in the flat next door.

Translate into English using infinitive.

1. Позвольте пройти, пожалуйста.

2. Почему бы не пойти в клуб?

3. Тебе лучше остаться с нами!

4. Я люблю есть сладости.

5. Ей нравится рисовать животных.

Translate into English using infinitive.

1. Он всегда счастлив поговорить с Вами.

2. Он счастлив, что говорит с Вами сейчас.

3. Он счастлив, что поговорил с Вами.

4. Он счастлив, что говорит с Вами уже более часа.

Test 1

Choose the proper variant for:

1. Put an end to

a) to abolish

b) to cancel

c) to eliminate

2. Musical composition to be sung in churches

a) a motto

b) a proverb

c) an anthem

3. A large family group especially Scottish highlanders with a common ancestor

a) relatives

b) clan

c) kilt

4. The rounded top of a building eg. church

a) dome

b) roof

c) cliff

5. Scottish woolen fabric woven with colored crossing stripes

a) tartan

b) barban

c) suburban

6. An administrative area of the UK

a) country

b) county

c) state

7. Strong protest

a) war

b) internal strike

c) rebellion

8. National Scottish musical instrument with air stored in a wind bag

a) harmonica

b) bayan

c) bagpipe

9. Chief city of a country

a) county

b) regional centre

c) metropolis

10. Open, uncultivated land covered with heather

a) moor

b) field

c) dune

Test 2

Choose the correct variant for:

1. … there meant to betray him.

a) to go

b) to be going

c) to have going

2. He must … very hard/

a) to work

b) work

c) to have been worked

3. … well is our duty.

a) to study

b) to be studying

c) to be studied

4. The package was too heavy …

a) to be carried

b) to have been carried

c) to be carrying.

5. I like … soap operas.

a) to watch

b) to be watching

c) to be watched

6. She has brought an interesting story ….

a) to have been read.

b) to read

c) to have been reading

7. My aunt made me …. her.

a) to join

b) join

c) be joined

8. She likes … with a pencil.

a) to draw

b) to be drawn

c) to have been drawn

9. I told them … for me for a while.

a) to be waiting

b) wait

c) to wait

10. … time was terrible.

a) to waste

b) to be wasted

c) waste.

Topic: THE USA

Topical Vocabulary

Amendment – поправка

Civil rights – гражданские права

Democracy – демократия

Equipment – оборудование

Gulf – пролив

Independence – независимость

Military base – военная база

Objection – возражение

Representative – представитель

Struggle – борьба

To impose – навязывать

Two-party system – двухпартийная система

Unanimously – единодушно

Washington, D.C. – г. Вашингтон в округе Колумбия (столица США)

Weapon – оружие

Text 1

The USA

The total area of the USA is over nine million square kilometers (9,364,000 sq. km). The population of the country is over 253 million people. The capital is Washington, D.C. The country’s motto is “In God We Trust”.

Location

The United States proper (excluding Alaska and Hawaii) is situated in the central part of the North American continent. It stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, from Canada in the North to Mexico, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Gulf of California in the south. The USA is an extremely large country in North America. In size, the United States ranks fourth among the nations after Russia, Canada, and China. It possesses many islands in the Pacific Ocean and Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands in the Atlantic. It has military bases scattered all over the world.

The continental part of the USA consists of four physical geographical parts: two highland and two lowland regions. The highland regions are the Appalachian Mountains in the east, and the Cordillera and the Rocky Mountains in the west. The highest peak in the Appalachian Mountains is 2,037 metres high.

The Political System

The United States is an indirect democracy – that is, the people rule through representatives they elect. Over time, the vote has been given to more and more people. In the beginning, only white men with property could vote. Today any citizen who is at least 18 years old can vote.

The Constitution

The United States Constitution, written in 1787, established the country’s political system and is the basis for its laws. In 200 years, the United States has experienced enormous growth and change. Yet the Constitution works as well today as when it was written One reason is that the Constitution can be amended, or changed. (For example, the Fifteenth Amendment gave women the right to vote.) Another reason is that the Constitution is flexible: its basic principles can be applied and interpreted differently at different times.

Federalism

The United States has a federalist system. This means that there are individual states, each with its own government, and there is a federal, or national, government. The Constitution gives certain powers to the federal government, other powers to the state governments, and yet other powers to both. For example, only the national government can print money; the states establish their own school systems, and both the national and the state governments can collect taxes.