III. The Future Perfect Tense

Exercise 1

Translate into Russian and comment on the use of the Present Perfect Progressive Tense.

1. My brother has been staying with us for three weeks.

2. It has been raining since morning.

3. He's been working here since 1990.

4. She has been telling me how good you are since you left the room.

5. Since when have you been sitting here? Have you been waiting here long?

6. 'How long have you been looking for her?' For three hours.'

7. The sun is shining, but the ground is wet because it has been raining.

8. Who has been playing with the remote control? It doesn't work!

9. 'Why are you so tired? What have you been doing?'

'I've been working in the garden since morning.'

10. She has been playing chess since she was nine.

11. He hasn't been feeling very well recently.

12. She looks fit and tanned. She has been working outdoors a lot recently.

Exercise 2

Make the following sentences: — negative;

— interrogative.

► Pattern: The children have been fighting.

a) The children haven't been fighting.

b) Have the children been fighting?

1. He has been painting this fence for a long time.

2. My secretary has been typing the report for five hours.

3. The boys have been trying to fix that bike since morning.

4. The tourists have been waiting for the guide since four o'clock.

5. You have been talking for almost an hour without stopping.

6. It has been snowing heavily «fairing the whole night.

7. We have been looking for that cafe for half an hour.

8. He has been writing this letter since the lecture began.

9. He has been living in this city since 1970.

10. They have been repairing the road fox the last five years.

11. The students have been translating the text since the lesson began.

12. I have been buying food here since I came to this town.

Exercise 3

Complete the following sentences using the Present Perfect Progressive

> Pattern: His clothes are dirty. (He/to work/in the garden) He has been working in the garden.

1. He is very tired. (He/to play/football)

2. The boy's eyes are red and watery. (He/to dry)

3. He is looking at his watch. (He/to wait/for a long time)

4. She doesn't remember the teacher's words. (She/to daydream)

5. They know this place very well. {They/to travel around/a lot)

6. Their eyes ache. (They/to watch TV/since morning)

7. Ann speaks French very well. (She/to learn French/since she was six)

8. He's got a cough. (He/to smoke/since he was a teenager)

9. His fingers are stained with ink. (He/to write/a lot)

10. The boy has to go to the dentist. (He/to eat/too many sweets lately)

11. They look exhausted. (They/to work overtime/lately)

Exercise 4

Paraphrase the following sentences using the words in brackets and conjunctions FOR and SINCE.

> Pattern: a) They are working here. (Monday)

They have been working here since Monday.

b) He is waiting for us. (half an hour) He has been waiting for us for half an hour.

1. She is writing a test. (twelve o'clock)

2. Tom is watching TV. (two hours)

3. They are sitting on the bench and reading, (morning)

4. He is travelling a lot. (winter)

5. He is working hard. (he entered the University)

6. Tony is walking his dog. (fifteen minutes)

7. They are looking for a new house. (the last few months)

8. They are fixing their car. (yesterday)

9. Gerald is checking his notes. (eleven o'clock)

10. The students are writing. (the lecture began)

11. Betty is writing a letter to her friend. (she came home)

12. My friend is learning Spanish. (two years)

13. Linda is travelling around Europe. (May)

14. Bill is making films. (he left college)

Exercise 5

Complete thesentences using the pattern in Exercise 3. Use the Present Perfect Progressive Tense.

1. He looks really tired.

2. Their hands are stained with oil.

3. The boys are nervous.

4. The child's eyes are red.

5. She is washing her hands nervously.

6. The tourists are angry.

7. The children are laughing heartily.

8. The audience is excited.

9. He's got a toothache.

10. The batteries have run out too quickly.

Exercise 6

Ask questions to the following sentences beginning with the words in brackets.

► Pattern: He has been smoking a lot recently. (Why?) Why has he been smoking a lot recently?

1. They've been looking for a restaurant since they came to the town. (Who? Where? What...for?)

2. She has been packing her suitcase since morning. (What? Why?)

3. Arthur has been driving for six hours without any rest. (Who? How?)

4. They've been answering their child's questions the whole day. (Whose? What?)

5. Ed has been playing with his dog in the park since morning. (Who... with? Where? Who?)

6. He has been answering the director's questions since morning. (Who? Whose? What?)

7. She has been washing up since breakfast. (Who? What?)

8. Her husband has been watching football on TV since breakfast. (Who? What?)

9. Their son has been fighting with his sister since breakfast. (Who? What? Who... with?)

10. Their cat has been trying to catch a mouse since breakfast. (What?)

11. Someone has been looking through my things. (Why?)

Exercise 7

Make up dialogues according to the following pattern.

> Pattern: a)— It has been raining.

— Since when has it been raining?

— It has been raining since morning.

— b) — The baby is crying.

— How long has it been crying?

— It has been crying for half an hour.

1. It is snowing.

2. He is waiting for the train.

3. Her son is watching TV.

4. His daughter is drawing a picture.

5. She is practising the piano.

6. They are discussing the same problem.

7. I'm trying to find that book.

8. He is solving a math problem.

9. Her mother is cooking dinner.

10. The boys are fighting.

11. The girls are playing with their dolls.

12. The painter is drawing a portrait.

13. The journalist is writing an article.

14. He is composing some music.

Exercise 8

Make up sentences from the words given below. Then look at the short an­swers and write the questions.

► Pattern: a) He/to wait/two hours/already.

He has been waiting for two hours already.

b) For two hours.

How long has he been waiting?

1. a) I/to ring them up/all morning.

b) My parents.

2. a) He/to smoke/thirty years.

b) Thirty years.

3. a) He/to walk his dog/half an hour/in the park.

b) In the park.

4. a) Her dog/to baric/all day.

b) My neighbour's.

5. a) It/to rain/we arrived.

b) Since we arrived.

6. a) He/to talk on the phone with Chicago/all day.

b) With Chicago.

7. a) They/to try/to fix a car/for days.

b) Their car.

8. a) Tony/to look for his glasses/morning.

b) Tony.

9. a) Brian/to read up for his exam/May.

b) For his exam.

10. a) Carol/to look for a job/she came to this city.

b) Carol.

11. a) They/to repair the road/last Wednesday.

b) The road.

Exercise 9

Use the Present Perfect Progressive instead of the infinitives in brackets.

1. I (not to sleep) for twenty three hours.

2. She (to work) in the library for the last five hours.

3. We just (to speak) about you.

4. What you (to do) in my absence?

5. Who (to watch) us?

6. He (to stay) here for three months; and I think my father (to entertain) him too long.

7. She (to have) a toothache since morning.

8. They (to play) football for two hours.

9. She (to dance) since yesterday evening.

10. Where you (to sit) all this time?

11. She (to tell) a lot of lies about me, I'm sure.

12. What you (to talk) about since I left?

Exercise 10

It the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Progressive instead of the infinitives in brackets.

1. She (to walk) in the park since morning. It's time to have dinner, but she (not to come) yet.

2. She (to read) this book for three days and (to read) 300 pages already.

3. He (to drive) to London for six hours. How many miles he (to cover) by now?

4. 'I am not through with this test yet.’

'Not through! How long you (to write) it?'

'For an hour.'

5. They (to pull down) the old houses in this street for the last few months, but they (not to touch) the one with the coffee-shop yet.

6. Mike (to collect) stamps since he was nine. He (to collect) so much he doesn't know what to do.

7. He (to solve) this puzzle at last! He (to solve) it since breakfast!

8. 'How long you (to learn) French? I (to learn) since I was ten, but can't avoid mistakes...'

'My parents knew French. They (to talk) French to me since I don't remember what time.'

9. 'Don't tell me any more lies. I (to listen to) you too long!'

'You (to listen), but you (to understand)?'

10. I hear Gerry's footsteps. He (to come) back. I'm going away. I don't want him to see I (to cry).

11. You (to drink) too much since the party began!

12. 'Since when you (to sit) here? How long you (to wait)?'

'I don't know how long I (to wait). I (to sit) and (to look) at the people passing by since I came here... or I guess I (to dream)...'

13. 'Jack and Tony (to play) chess since they are here. Tony (to win) six times already, but Jack (to win) only twice yet.'

'They (not to quarrel)?'

'Oh, no. They (not to quarrel).'

14. 'Barry (to do) this room since morning and he (not to finish) yet.'

'You (to help) him?'

'No, I (to cook) since he started to do his room. But I (to finish) already.’

15. 'The customers (to complain) about mixed-up bills all morning.'

'Something is wrong with the computer. We (to have) trouble with it for some time... I hope Tim (to fix) it already.'

Exercise11

Translate into English.

A

1. Она учит японский уже пять лет.

2. Надеюсь, Ваши друзья хорошо за Вами ухаживали.

3. Она сидит здесь уже несколько часов. С самого утра сидит на скамейке и ждёт кого-то.

4. Они спорят с тех пор, как учитель вышел из класса.

5. Гарри пытается починить изгородь уже несколько часов, но ещё не смог этого сделать.

6. Он пишет статью уже три часа. Он выпил три чашки кофе. Он уже давно не работал так усердно.

7. Эта семья живёт здесь с весны. Они уже перессорились со всеми соседями.

8. — С какого времени ты пытаешься до него дозвониться?

— С десяти часов.

9. Наконец-то Вы пришли! Мы только что говорили о Вас.

10. Кто переставлял мои книги?

11. Чем ты занимался, пока меня не было?

12. Я пытаюсь найти тебя целое утро. Где ты был? Чем ты занимался?

13. Она ждёт этого письма целый месяц.

14. Джон навещал Вас с тех пор, как Ваша сестра уехала?

В

1. «Сколько времени ты уже подслушиваешь? И что тыуспел услышать?»

(Дж. Р. Р. Толкин)

2. — Чем ты занимался, милый? — спросила мама.

— Занимался? Как ты думаешь, чем я занимался?

Я охотился (to shoot).

(Дж. Даррелл)

3. «Я только что говорила д-ру Хэлидею и его племяннице, какая ты умница.»

(Дж. Б. Пристли)

4. «Я новичок в городе. Живу здесь только около трёх месяцев... И я не пробыл тут ещё и недели, как обра-

тил на Вас внимание, мисс Конвей... И с тех пор я наблюдал за Вами.»

(Дж. Б. Пристли)

5. «По правде сказать, Вы единственный человек, о котором мы ещё не говорили.»

(Дж. Б. Пристли)

6. — Ты слишком много пил, Роберт?

— Да, я слишком много пил.

(Дж. Б. Пристли)

7. «Дориан! Какая удача! Я ждал тебя в твоей библиотеке с девяти часов... Сегодня в полночь я уезжаю в Париж.»

(О. Уайльд)