Discuss the questions in pairs.

1. What is government?

2. What is a federal system?

3. Why do we have laws?

4. What is democracy?

5. What is a dictatorship?

6. Do you work for state or local government?

 

Topical Vocabulary

a) Study the vocabulary list. Use the words and phrases in the sentences of your own.

1. to administer(v) –управлять, вести дела

2. borough (n)– район

3. to challenge(v) – требовать усилий

to be challenging – быть сложной задачей

4. charter(n)– устав

5. to collect taxes – собирать налоги

6. county(n)– округ

county seat – город - районный центр

7. cue (n)– реплика, сигнал

8. to derive authority – получатьполномочия

9. division(n)- отдел

subdivision (n) - подразделение

10. to enforces laws – исполнятьзакон

law enforcement – обеспечение правопорядка

11. elected officials – выборные должностные лица

12. government officials– правительственные чиновники

13. to layout(v)– представлять, излагать

14. officials (n)– чиновники

highest-rankingofficials – чиновникивысшегоранга

15. parish (n)– округ, приход (церковный)

16. to pertain to smth.(v)– относиться к чему-либо

17. reserved powers - резервированные полномочия (права, сохраненные за государством)

18. to serve (v)– служить

19. speeding ticket – штраф за превышение скорости

20. to spell out – пояснять, расшифровывать

21. state constitution – государственное устройство, государственная конституция

 

b) Transcribe and pronounce the following words. Use them in the sentences of your own.

· crucial

· managerial

· clerical

· manual

· contextual

· guideline

· essentially

· legislative

· judicial

· licensing

 

c) Fill in the table. Use 5-7 words to compose stories of your own.

VERB	NOUN	ADJECTIVE	ADVERB
collect
	servant
		opposable
			specifically
establish
	legislation
		conductive
			eventually
	constitution

d) Fill in the gaps using the words and word combinations from the Topical Vocabulary.

1. For the last few years this system has been in operation in the ___ of Liverpool, with the result that the number of known thieves apprehended for indictable crimes has almost doubled within a comparatively short period.

2. A___ usually consists of several towns and the rural areas that surround them.

3. The year the Prince of Wales came to the Island she was visiting her uncle in Charlotte town and he was a ___ and so she got invited to the great ball.

4. The code of practice ___very clearly what the duties of the registrar are.

5. He was given a ___ for doing 80 mph in a 65 mph area in his pounds 73,000 chrome-plated sports car.

6. She ___ on the committee for the last 15 years.

7. The European Parliament will have greater ___ powers.

8. Seaweed’s properties, as they ___ to skin care, are still in dispute.

9. The government has so far refused to ___its plans/policies.

10. The ___ protected the individual and natural rights of Americans defined as:"Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness".

Read the text and name the main characteristics of A State and Local Government.

A state government is a unit of government that specifically makes and enforces laws for a state. Several modern nations, such as the United States, Australia, and India, utilize state governments to administer to the local needs of an area. In modern nations, state governments have certain reserved powers, specific powers and responsibilities that the national government does not have.

Typically, state governments are responsible for administering to the local needs and problems of a particular state or region. The powers and responsibilities of state governments are usually laid out in a state constitution. In the United States, each of the fifty states has a state constitution that spells out who has power, how the power is shared, how policy can be made, what rights the citizens of the state have, and how elections are conducted. State constitutions tend to be more specific than national constitutions because the states tend to deal with more narrowly focused interests.

In general, state governments are responsible for regulating trade within state borders and for establishing regulations for local corporations. State governments also administer to the needs of the many smaller local governments by establishing charters for county and city government. State governments play a strong role in regulating the educational system of their states and establishing licensing rules for professionals who practice in the state.