Five Essential Leadership Tasks

Management is responsible for motivating, communicating with, and developing their employees, in addition to setting goals, organizing, and measuring progress. These tasks were delineated by management guru Peter Drucker many years ago.

The first three can take some doing. Not all managers are clear on how to motivate, communicate, and develop. These three tasks sometimes take a business strategy back seat to tasks more likely to directly result in revenues or profits. But leadership depends on them. Here’s a list of five important leadership tasks that can increase motivation, communication, and development.

Praise Often, and Praise Publicly

Employees are motivated by praise. They are even more motivated by the praise that is done in public or communicated to everybody.

Some companies use quick meetings to give praise of the week or even praise of the day. Others send out e-mail blasts or social media posts about employees of the month. Whichever way you do it, be sure to spread the praise around.

Make Sure Employees Know What to Do

Sometimes, things go awry¹ simply because employees don’t have a clear sense of what to do next. One way of ensuring that folks know the priorities is to have daily kick-offs² in which teams list what needs to be accomplished that day. This can also be used to distribute workflow, of course. Some businesses encourage employees to jump in and help with tasks that could benefit from their expertise.

Set Up Plans to Get Feedback, and Show It Is Used

While managers may believe they know what employees are thinking, it’s important to have actual data. It’s a good plan to get feedback. It can be general “how are we doing?” type questions or be geared to specific questions about products or a process.

Develop a Positive Culture

If not actively managed, company cultures can turn negative or be the province of only certain groups. Encourage employees to share positive things about each other. This, like praise from management, needs to be public!

One option is to have five-minute team huddles in which employees thank someone for their work during the past week. It's the Golden Rule at work.

Ask for Feedback about Leadership

Whether you learn that you aren’t considered approachable or that everyone would like to receive your mentorship, the information is good to have.

Motivation, communication, and development need to be cultivated. They need a plan just as much as any other aspect of business.

https://www.broadsoft.com/work-it/five-essential-leadership-tasks

Vocabulary:

 1. awry adj – наперекосяк

 2. kick-off n – стартовое рабочее совещание

 

Questions:

1. What are the three tasks leadership depends on?

2. What methods can be used to praise employees?

3. Why are daily kick-offs important?

4. Is developing a positive culture essential for a company?

 

Writing

 

Choose one of the topics to write a well-grounded and logical for-and-against essay about leadership. Remember to present different points of view and in conclusion express your opinion with reference to the material you have studied.

 

1. Effective Leaders: Are They Born or Made?

2. Great Leaders Have No Rules.

3. The Best Leaders Are Great Teachers.

 

Independent Study

1. Using the Internet resources find interesting and inspiring information on any outstanding leader of your country or powerful world leader. Make a presentation and report to the group. Be ready to answer your groupmates’ questions on the topic.

 

2. There are a lot of psychological tests and questionnaire s on the Internet which can help an individual understand what it takes to be a leader or whether they are effective leaders or not. Take some of such tests and learn more about your leadership qualities. Discuss the results with your groupmates, if you wish.

Some examples of tests:

ü How Good Are Your Leadership Skills?

ü What's Your Leadership Style?

ü Are You a Leader, a Follower, or a Tyrant?

 

Unit 10

TIME MANAGEMENT

Lead-in

 

1. Ask your partner to express his/her opinion on the following issues. Share the information received with the group.

 

A. How would you define the term Time Management?

B. Have you got any problems with managing your own time? If you have, how do you solve them?

C. Do you think time management is of vital importance? Why?

 

2. Let’s see how good you really are at time management. Pass a small quiz below. For each statement, put a tick in the box that corresponds to the answer that best describes you.

	A No, never	B Sometimes	C Most of the time
Do you give priority to the most urgent tasks?
Do you end up completing tasks at the very last minute?
Do you run out of time to complete tasks?
Are you worried about deadlines?
Are you aware of the time spent on each task that you do?
Do you know whether the tasks that you do are urgent, important or neither?
Before taking on a new task or project, do you make sure that the output will be worth the time spent on it?

 

Now count your score and read your appropriate description. Do you agree or disagree with the results? Comment on your agreement or disagreement.

Answers mostly in column A	You’re not managing your time well at present; however, let’s hope after doing this quiz you’ll pull yourself together and work hard to solve the problem. Remember: successful time management leads to effective organising of your time. When you know what your goals and priorities are, you then need to create a fixed schedule which will keep you on track.
Answers mostly in column B	You’re good at managing your time on the whole, but still there’re slight problems. Look through your answers to see what the specific areas where you experience difficulties are.
Answers mostly in column C	Well done! You’re managing your time very effectively! But don’t think that you’ve reached the top of your time management skill. There’s always room for improvement!

Key Vocabulary

 

Study the following list of vocabulary. The words appear in the order you will meet them in the text.

1. consciously adv	сознательно, осознанно
2. make the most of smth	максимально использовать что-л., извлечь максимальную пользу из чего-л.
3. essential adj	основной, необходимый, важный
4. walks of life	слои общества
5. indulge in smth	(зд.) погружаться во что-л.
6. participate v	участвовать, принимать участие
7. extra-curricular activities	внеучебные, внеклассные, внешкольные мероприятия
8. stay afloat	оставаться на плаву
9. schedule v	планировать
10. carry out	выполнять, осуществлять
11. homemaker n	домохозяйка
12. toil v	трудиться (о тяжёлом труде)
13. draining adj	выматывающий, изматывающий
14. to-do list	список дел
15. prioritize v	уделять приоритетное внимание
16. sense of satisfaction	чувство удовлетворения, удовлетворённости
17. particularly adv	особенно, прежде всего
18. ensure v	гарантировать, добиться, убедиться
19. diligently adv	добросовестно, тщательно, старательно
20. fulfill v	выполнить, осуществить
21. duty n	обязанность, долг
22. simultaneously adv	одновременно, параллельно
23. daunting adj	затруднительный, сложный
24. competition n	конкуренция
25. exceedingly adv	чрезвычайно, крайне
26. out of the box	нестандартный, оригинальный
27. outperform v	опережать, превосходить
28. peer n	коллега, сверстник
29. stay in the good books	быть на хорошем счету
30. senior n	руководитель, руководство
31. recognition n	признание
32. handle v	справиться, разобраться, уладить
33. resourcefully adv	творчески, изобретательно
34. tip n	совет, подсказка
35. properly adv	надлежащим, должным образом
36. set goals	ставить цели
37. achievable/attainable adj	достижимый
38. measurable adj	измеримый
39. in essence	по сути, по существу
40. relevant adj	актуальный, уместный, релевантный
41. timely adj	своевременный, оперативный
42. urgency n	срочность, неотложность, актуальность
43. determine v	определить, выяснить
44. delegate v	делегировать, передать (о полномочиях)
45. set aside	отложить
46. constraint n	ограничение
47. allot v	выделить
48. arise v	возникать, появляться
49. review n	анализ
50. in advance/beforehand adv	заранее, заблаговременно, предварительно
51. downtime n	свободное время
52. deadline n	крайний срок
53. dedicate v	посвятить, выделить
54. cash flow	движение денежной наличности, денежный поток
55. CFO (Chief Financial Officer)	финансовый директор
56. genuinely adv	действительно, подлинно, реально
57. call for	требовать, предусматривать
58. accomplish v	добиться, выполнить, достичь
59. allocate v	распределить
60. pursue v	добиваться, осуществлять
61. squeeze v	выжать, выдавить
62. simplify v	упростить, облегчить

Pre-reading Activities

 

1. Use the list of Key Vocabulary to fill in the prepositions, if necessary.

 

A. If you want to stay … the good books … your boss, you should, first of all, stop being late on a regular basis. 

B. I strongly believe that it’s important for Mr. White to make the most … this deal.

C. Don’t indulge … his business plans. He is just a fraud!

D. To promote gender equality, Governments have to engage women from all walks … life.

E. For the interview to be successful you must impress the interviewer by doing something … … the box.

F. As for the Co-Chairmen, the Belarusian side informed them well … advance about the draft resolution being prepared.

G. This paper is … essence a political act that has nothing to do with international law and justice.

H. We’re fully convinced that he will brilliantly carry … his commitments.

I. Not all competition cases call … a thorough economic analysis.

J. Fees for basic services should ensure … adequate cost-recovery but should be affordable for all.

2. Work with your partner and match the words (1 – 6) with the pictures (A – F). Using the given words and Key Vocabulary describe the pictures. Pay particular attention to using adverbs from the list of Key Vocabulary.

1. a to-do list

2. to toil

3. peers

4. a tip

5. out of the box

6. draining

A.	B.	C.
D.	E.	F.

3. Using Key Vocabulary express your agreement or disagreement with the following statements. Support your opinions with sound arguments.

A. Lost time is never found again.

B. Using a to-do list is a key to your career success.

C. At different moments of the day, points in our lives, time seems to pass at different speeds.

D. If you create respect for your own time, you will respect other people’s time.

E. Time management is crucially important only for people in power.  

Reading

Read the text and complete the following plan. Get ready to summarize the text according to the plan.

I.

II. The importance of time management for students.

III.

IV.

V.

VI.

VII. Time management tips for business people.

VIII.

 

Time management is the process of planning and controlling how much time to spend on specific activities. Good time management enables an individual to complete more in a shorter period of time and leads to career success. In other words, time management is the art of consciously managing time to make the most of it. It is said that he who learns the art of managing time can do practically anything in life. The category of time management is essential for people belonging to different walks of life. No matter what social status you have: a student, a homemaker, a working professional, a freelancer, a manager or a businessman – everyone must manage their time effectively in order to complete their tasks at the highest level.

Psychologists stress that there is a category of people for whom time management is crucially important. They mean students who need to change their   activities throughout a day. From going to school, college or university to doing their homework, from indulging in self-studies to participating in sports activities, from taking part in extra-curricular activities to taking enough rest to stay afloat …. The list may seem endless. In such a situation, if students do not schedule their time properly, they will not be able to carry out any task efficiently.

It goes without saying that time management is important for homemakers. They toil the entire day. Their list of tasks is endless and if not managed properly the day can become quite draining and stressful. Since they have to do a wide range of tasks each day, they should begin by preparing a to-do list in the morning. Being a homemaker, prioritize the tasks and keep checking as you finish them one after another. This would not only help you manage your time efficiently but also give you a sense of satisfaction.

Freelancers also need to be good at time management. Most of them, particularly those who work from home, must ensure that they prepare a daily schedule and follow it diligently to manage their time efficiently. Most individuals who work from home choose this option because they have certain duties to fulfill at home. Fulfilling your personal duties and managing your professional tasks simultaneously can be quite daunting. The key is to manage your time efficiently. It is suggested to identify those hours of the day when you can concentrate best and spare that time for your professional tasks.

As for working professionals, with the growing competition it is essential for these people to perform exceedingly well in their field. They are expected to do something out of the box in order to outperform their peers and stay in the good books of their seniors. Thus, it is essential for them to schedule their time in a way that they do not only get time for their usual work but also for doing something different and new that can bring them recognition.

With regard to businessmen, discipline is the first thing required in the world of business. It is common knowledge that the first step towards self-discipline is time respect. In business you are your own boss and you have a lot more responsibilities compared to working for somebody else. In order to handle everything efficiently   businessmen should begin by managing their time resourcefully.

There exist time management tips which may help business people manage their time properly.

One of such tips is to set goals correctly. It means setting goals that are achievable and measurable. Use the SMART method when setting goals. In essence, make sure the goals you set are specific, measurable, attainable, relevant and timely. 

Then follows prioritizing. To achieve your career success you should prioritize wisely, which means prioritizing tasks based on importance and urgency. For example, look at your daily tasks and determine which are:

· important and urgent: do these tasks right away;

· important but not urgent: decide when to do these tasks;

· urgent but not important: delegate these tasks if possible;

· not urgent and not important: set them aside to do later.

Setting a time limit to complete a task goes next. Setting time constraints for completing tasks helps you be more focused and efficient. Making a small extra effort to decide on how much time you need to allot for each task can also help you recognize potential problems before they arise. That way you can make plans for dealing with them. For example, you need to write up five reviews in time for a meeting. However, you realize that you’ll only be able to get four of them done in the time remaining before the meeting. If you become aware of this fact well in advance, you may be able to easily delegate writing up one of the reviews to someone else. However, if you hadn’t bothered to do a time check on your tasks beforehand, you might have ended up not realizing your time problem until just an hour before the meeting. At that point, it might be considerably more difficult to find someone to delegate one of the reviews to, and more difficult for them to fit the task into their day, too.

The next advice for those who are in business is to take a break between tasks. When doing a lot of tasks without a break, it is harder to stay focused and motivated. Allow some downtime between tasks to clear your head and refresh yourself. Consider having a cup of coffee, going for a short walk or meditating.

Being able to organize yourself is also very important. Use your calendar for long-term time management. Write down the deadlines for projects, or for tasks that are part of completing the overall project. Think about which days might be best to dedicate to specific tasks. For example, you might need to plan a meeting to discuss cash flow on a day when you know the company CFO is available.

Removing nonessential tasks and activities is advisable as well. Determine what is significant and what deserves your time. Removing nonessential tasks and activities frees up more of your time to be spent on genuinely important things.

And finally, plan ahead. Make sure you start every day with a clear idea of what you need to do – what needs to get done THAT DAY. Consider making it a habit at the end of each workday to write out your “to do” list for the next workday.

It might appear simple but managing time efficiently calls for great qualities in an individual. There is a lot that goes into it. You must stay disciplined and constantly remind yourself as to why it is important for you to accomplish your tasks in a timely manner. We all have the same amount of hours each day. You can’t store time, borrow it or save it for later use. You can only decide how to allocate it, spending it on activities of higher rather than low value. Time management is a game of choices: projects to pursue, tasks to complete, routines to follow.

Improving time management techniques isn’t about squeezing as many tasks as you can into your day. It’s about simplifying how you work, getting things done faster and doing things better. By doing so, you’ll have more time for work, rest and doing the things you love.

Comprehension Check

 

1. Explain in your words what exactly the following statements from Reading mean.

A. Good time management lowers stress.

B. He who learns the art of managing time can do practically anything in life.

C. The category of time management is essential for people belonging to different walks of life.

D. If students don’t schedule their time properly, they won’t be able to carry out any task efficiently.

E. Discipline is the first thing required in the world of business.

2. Correct the following statements with reference to Reading.

A. Freelancers stress that there is a category of people for whom time management is crucially important.

B. For freelancers fulfilling their personal duties and managing their professional tasks simultaneously can be quite exciting.

C. Homemakers are expected to do something out of the box in order to outperform their peers. 

D. It is common knowledge that the first step towards self-discipline is time ignoring.

E. Businessmen should use the SWOT method when setting goals.

F. Setting time constraints for completing tasks helps business people be more  resourceful and vain.

G. When doing a lot of tasks without a break, it is easier to stay focused and motivated.

H. You might need to plan a meeting to discuss terms of deliveries on a day when you know the company CFO is available.

I. Being in business, make sure you start every day with a friendly smile.

J. Effective communication is a game of choices: projects to pursue, tasks to complete, routines to follow.

3. Answer the questions. Use Reading to support your viewpoint.

A. How would you explain “time management” in your own words, taking into account the information from paragraph 1?

B. Why is time management crucially important for students?

C. What are the facts which prove that time management is important for homemakers?

D. Why do freelancers need to be good at time management?

E. How can you prove that time management is necessary for working professionals?

F. Why is time management important in the world of business?

G. How many time management tips for businessmen are given in the text? Name them.

H. What does SMART stand for?

I. What does prioritizing mean?

J. What tips can help a businessman organize himself?

 

Vocabulary Focus

1. Find the odd one out and explain your choice.

A. finite, difficult, daunting, hard

B. to indulge, to get absorbed, to immerse, to toil

C. original, consciously, out of the box, nonstandard

D. a peer, peripheral, secondary, minor

E. exceedingly, exceptionally, resourcefully, highly

F. essential, independent, vital, crucial

G. preschool, out-of-school, informal, extra-curricular

H. ensure, enquire, assure, guarantee

I. exceed, surpass, outline, outperform

J. allot, designate, assign, distinguish

 

2. Look through the text and find the words that mean the following.

 

A. A person of the same age, status, or ability as another specified person.

B. Seeming difficult to deal with in prospect, intimidating.

C. A person's occupation or position within society.

D. To determine the order for dealing with a series of items or tasks according to their relative importance.

E. To be in favour with someone.

F. To distribute resources or duties for a particular purpose.

G. To make something less complicated, clearer or easier.

H. To seek or strive to attain.

I. The movement of money into and out of business.

J. Something which requires speedy action or attention.

 

How would you define these words in your own way?

 

3. Using Task 2 as an example, give your own explanations to the following words and word combinations. Then use these words to complete the sentences (A – E). There is one extra word.

· consciously

· to toil

· exceedingly well

· extra-curricular activities

· a to-do list

· to stay afloat

 

A. Ron is always forgetting to prepare … in the very morning.

B. What kinds of … does your educational institution provide students with?

C. Jenny performed … in her entrance exams. She passed all of them with flying colors.

D. This research enables us to recognize difficulties and to … remove barriers.

E. I promise you to … to make our life less dull.

 

Watching

 

 “How to Manage Your Time Better”

 

A. Pre-watching

 

1. Below there are two screenshots from the video you’re going to watch. What do you think the video is going to be about? Have you ever found yourself in the same situations? What tips could be given in such situations?

 

  2. Before watching the video make sure you know the following words and word combinations. Consult a dictionary if it is necessary. The words are given in the order you will meet them in the video.

1. find oneself behind smth

2. do favors

3. day planner

4. social networking

5. go through smth

6. highlight v

7. chunks of time

8. time waster

9. bleed over into smth

10. undermine v

11. add up

12. come up with smth

13. assign rankings to smth

14. declutter v

15. lighten the load

16. kill two birds with one stone

17. multitasking n

18. stress smb out

19. stick to smth

20. recap v

3. Translate the sentences into English. Mind the vocabulary from Task 2.

A. К несчастью, наши сотрудники тратят много времени на разговоры по телефону.

B. Я просмотрел список его дел на завтра. В принципе, там нет ничего важного.

C. Сделай мне одолжение: выдели время на это задание и выполни его к воскресенью, пожалуйста.

D. Извините, мой телефон был выключен в течение большого промежутка времени.

E. На семинаре была подчеркнута важность многозадачности в процессе ведения бизнеса.

B. First Watching

 

Follow the link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUk6LXRZMMk or find the video “How to Manage Your Time Better ” on YouTube and watch it to answer the following questions.

  A. How is the method proposed by the speaker called? Why is it called in such a way?

B. What does the step of recording involve?

C. How many time wasters should be picked out, according to the video? Which of them should be especially focused on? Why?

D. What are the three ways to change our time- wasting habits? What is included in each of them?

E. According to the speaker, how long is it recommended to stick to such a schedule?

C. Second Watching

Watch the video once again and fill in the gaps with the missing words.

A. We are going to get you in control of your day with our RAC method: …, … and ….

B. When you wake up tomorrow note the time in your …: the … minutes you spend getting dressed, the half day of … work, the hours you spend between social … sites.

C. At the end of the day go through the … and … any … of time that were not used productively.

D. Especially focus on the … at work.

E. Workplace … is minimized by effective time management. It also … over into home life and … a relaxed life at home.

F. … are a really effective way to manage your time in your priorities.

G. Limit the number of … you have on this list to ….

H. Assign rankings to them in order of ….

I. … will actually stress you out and delay you even more.

J. Set aside blocks of … for individual ….

D. Follow-up Activity

1. The video is called “How to Manage Your Time Better”. Imagine that you are to choose one of the headings listed below. Which one would you choose and why? If you wish you can come up with your own idea.

ü Time management and its difficulties.

ü Excellent time managers: are they born or made?

ü RAC as the best way-out.

ü Time is everything.

ü Time is finite.

2. A sample of a day planner from the video is given below. Imagine that you have to plan the coming day. Fill in all the stages. Think of all the possible time wasters. Don’t forget about ranking your priorities. Share the results with your partner. Do you think making a plan for each day is useful?

Talking Points

1. Study the table below. Match the tips on time management (1 – 5) with the quotations about time management ant time in general (A – E). Then react to the quotations by explaining what they mean and showing their relevance and connection to modern times. Take into account the information from Reading.

1. Plan for success.	A. The first rule of any technology used in a business is that automation applied to an efficient operation will magnify the efficiency. The second is that automation applied to an inefficient operation will magnify the inefficiency. – Bill Gates
2. Fix your focus.	B. Lost time is never found again. – Benjamin Franklin
3. Free your productivity.	C. Amateurs sit and wait for inspiration, the rest of us just get up and go to work. – Stephen King
4. Strive for increased efficiency.	D. Give me six hours to chop down a tree and I will spend the first four sharpening the axe. – Abraham Lincoln
5. Use time wisely.	E. Concentration is the secret of strength. – Ralph Waldo Emerson

 

2. To see how good your partner is at time management ask him /her

· if he/she is normally pushed for time on a typical weekday morning

· if he/she has any gadgets which really save his/her time

· what he/she usually does to kill time when he/she is waiting at an airport or at a station

· if he/she likes to buy things as quickly as possible or prefers to spend much time on shopping

· if there is anything or anybody who is taking up a lot of his/her time at the moment

· if he/she is usually on time when he/she meets friends and if it bothers him/her when other people are not on time

· if he/she likes to get to the airport or station with time to spare or at the last minute

· if his/her parents give him/her a hard time if he/she comes back home late

· if he/she tends to have time left at the end when he/she does an exam or if he/she usually runs out of time.

 

Now make a conclusion whether your partner is good or bad at time management. Explain why you think so.

3. Read the following information about time bandits and be ready to say, how you can stop them.

 

Time bandits are people or situations that waste our precious minutes and make life even more of a rush. They creep up on us when we least expect it and steal one of the things we value most – our time.

Role-play the following situation.

Imagine that you call an expert and tell him/her about you time bandit(s). In your telephone conversation you try to find out how to solve your problem.

 

Possible roles:

 

Role 1. You are an expert at troubleshooting and you specialize in dealing with time bandits. Give good advice and recommendations to those who are calling you.

Role 2. You have a friend who is always phoning you! You waste much time just listening to him/her telling you every little problem that he/she has.

Role 3. You waste a lot of time waiting for people you meet with, because they are always late!

Role 4. You waste a lot of time explaining to your subordinates the things which you think they should know a priori.

 Role 5. You spend ages standing in front of the wardrobe and trying to decide what to wear.

Role 6. You waste a lot of time carrying out unimportant tasks because you are afraid of delegating them to your subordinates.

You are welcome to add any other roles if you wish. It’s advisable to speak about your real-life situations.

Summary Points

 

Read the text, give its summary and be ready to answer the questions on its contents.

Multitasking¹ = 31/7

Latest research suggests that typical middle-class city-dwellers now have so many time-saving gadgets that they can fit into 24 hours the same quantity of tasks that a decade ago would have taken 31 hours to complete.

For many people, the frenzy² starts over breakfast, reading emails on a hand-held BlackBerry while making toast. It carries on in the car where a driver with a Bluetooth earpiece holds a conference call while keeping an ear on the radio and checking the satnav³.

Work is then a blizzard of emails, phone calls, and meetings, often happening simultaneously⁴. However, according to an American consumer research organization, the most intense period of multitasking appears to be in the evening. “People will be pressing the television remote control while using a wireless laptop computer balanced on their knee, emailing and texting friends on a mobile phone, and holding a conversation with friends or family members”, said Patrick Moriarty, one of the authors of the report. “They may be far more mentally engaged than they are in the office”.

According to the study, while television remains the main focus of attention in the evening, nearly half the respondents were also using computers and phones to catch up with⁵ friends, update their Facebook or other social networks, or download and listen to music.

Mark Vickery, 35, from Medway, Kent, agreed that for him and his wife Susan, an NHS⁶ doctor, the evening was the peak of multitasking. “Both of us are out of the house during the day”, said Vickery, a marketing manager. “When we come back in the evening we tend to have a lot of technology on the go. We’ll be using online banking, Facebook, and email, and programming the TV shows we want to watch later”.

“On the one hand it’s good – you get more done. On the other hand, when I left university 7 years ago, life was much simpler. There was more talking face-to-face and more time spent over dinner”.

 

Vocabulary:

1. multitasking n - многозадачность

2. frenzy n – безумие, безумство

3. satnav n – спутниковая навигация, навигатор

4. simultaneously adv – одновременно, параллельно

5. catch up with – встретиться с

6. NHS – национальная служба здравоохранения

 

Questions:

1. What does numerous research show?

2. What sort of multitasking do people do during the day/evening?

3. According to Mark Vickery, what are the pros and cons of multitasking?

Writing

Imagine that you are a guru in time management. You received the following letter.

 

Dear Professor,

I’m terrible at time management! I supervise 10 employees working on multiple projects. I get hundreds of emails a day. Then, there are meetings and paperwork…. I’m always behind schedule! I try to make up for lost time by working at home. But my family thinks I’ve forgotten them. How can I get organized and use time more effectively?

 

Write an answer to the letter. Stress the importance of time management for people belonging to different walks of life. Give the addressee some advice how to get on track. Follow the proper structure of the letter.

Independent Study

1. Using the Internet resources find information on the role of time management for modern managers. Prepare a report or presentation on the topic “Time management: a friend or a foe?” Present it to your group. Be ready to answer your groupmates’ questions on the topic.

2. Interview your friends or relatives on their attitude towards multitasking. Find out whether it helps them do more during the day. Report your findings to the group.

Unit 11