Practise the following according to the model.

Model: The guests have already gathered (by the time he came). The guests had already gathered by the time he came.

1. Ann has done her lessons (by the time I came). 2. We haven't yet seen our teacher (before the bell rang). 3. The students have read this book (by last week). 4. Have you sent the telegram (before I called you up)? 5. He has translated the article (by this time yesterday). 6.1 have already had dinner (when my friend came). 7. She hasn't yet bought a present for him (when he met her). 8. You have started learning English (before you came to study here). 9. The delegation has arrived (by last Sunday).

2. Make the sentences negative:

1. By 6 o'clock they had packed all their things. 2. We had arrived to the station by that time. 3. He had written his composition by 8 o'clock in the evening. 4. She had sent letters by Sunday. 5. Our lab assistant had brought all the necessary equipment by the beginning of the lecture. 6. They had come by this time yesterday.

3. Ask general and special questions to these sentences.

1. The people went home after they had finished their work. 2. They had sent the letter by 6 o'clock yesterday. 3. The lecture had begun by the time I entered the room. 4. You had studied English before you entered the Institute. 5. James had finished reading the book by last Sunday. 6. The speaker had made his report by this time yesterday. 7. The teacher had given the students their homework before the bell rang. 8. They had finished the construction of the stadium by last month. 9. When taxi arrived they had already finished packing.

4. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Indefinite or the Past Perfect Tense.

a) 1. I (not yet to do) half the work when he came in. 2. She told me everything about him after he (to leave). 3. I was sorry that I (to hurt) him. 4. We (to understand) it after the teacher (to explain) it to us. 5. He already (to learn) French before he left for France. In France he soon (to remember) all he (to learn). 6. 1 asked him what countries he (to visit). 7. She said that she (to pass) her examination successfully. 8. We (to hear) that the plane (to crush) just over the airport. 9. The new bus-driver (to have) an accident after he (to drive) a few years. 10. After she (to lock) and (to bolt) all the doors she (to go) to bed.

b) The tourists arrived at London Airport early on Monday morning. They (to leave) Rome on Sunday evening. They (to spend) a fortnight in Italy and (to see) most of the sights. After they (to show) their passports to the official and (to pass) through the Customs, they (to get) on the bus and (to go) to the Terminal.

c) The examination was over at noon. Jack (to give) his answer paper to the teacher and (to leave) the room. He (not to answer) all the questions. He (to write) very long answers to three questions and there (not to be) enough time to answer the other two.

d) Henry came home at half past eleven last night. He (to meet) a friend in the street at 7 o'clock and (to go) to the cinema with him. When he (to get) home, the house (to be) in darkness. Everybody (to go) to bed.

e) I left home this morning at eight o'clock (to jump) on a bus and (to sit) down. The conductor (to come) for the fare. I (to put) my hand in my pocket for the money but it (to be) empty. I (to forget) my money. I (to leave) it on the table in my bedroom I (to have) to get off the bus and go home again. I (to be) half an hour late at the office that morning. I never (to be) late before.

f) Mr. Jones left the hospital at the end of April. He (to break) his leg in March and (to be) in hospital for about five weeks. He (to get) into a taxi and (to go) straight home. He (to tell) everybody at home that the doctor and nurses (to look) after him very well.

g) I came to Glasgow in August. I (to be never) to a big city, so everything (to interest) me very much. I (to take) a taxi and (to go) straight to a hotel. When I. (to put) my luggage in my room I (to decide) to go out to see Glasgow. I (never to see) such a beautiful city before. After I (to walk) around for an hour I (to lose) my way. I (to find) a policeman and (to tell) him that I (to lose) my way. He (to show) me the way to the hotel. It turned out that during the past hour I (to walk) round the circle, and I (to be) quite near the hotel again!

6. Open the brackets using t he Past Indefinite Tense; the Past Continuous Tense; the Past Perfect Tense.

1. Tom (to sit) m a corner with a book. I told him that he (to read) in very bad light. 2. He suddenly (to realize) that he (to travel) in the wrong direction. 3. When I (to look) for my passport I (to find) his old photograph. 4. You looked very busy when I saw you last night. What you (to do)? 5. The boys (to play) cards when they (to hear) their father's step. They immediately (to hide) the cards and (to take) out their lesson books. 6. I (to call) Paul at 7.00 but it wasn't necessary because he already (to get) up. 7. When I (to hear) him-knock I (to go) to the door and (to open) it but I (not to recognize) him at first because I (not to wear) my glasses. 8...Richard (to get) a new exercise-book yesterday because he (to fill) tо an old one. 9. Ann said that she (to be) on holiday. I (to say) that I (to-hope) that she (to enjoy) herself. 10. When I (to arrive) at the station Mary (to wait) for me.   

After Dickens's family (to leave) Chatham and (to settle) down in London, things went from bad to worse. While Charles (to work) at a blacking factory he had to live in miserable lodgings for he (to earn) only six shillings a week. Dickens's father (to be) in prison for two years before he (to come) into some money. By 1836 Dickens (to become) already popular with the English readers. After he (to finish) school he (to become) a clerk in a lawyer's office. Dickens (to earn) already world-wide fame when he (to begin) to write Oliver Twist; Dickens (to learn) to read at an early age and (to read) many books in his childhood. After Dickens (to suffer) much he (to become) a writer and (to describe) his childhood and youth in some of his famous novels.       

7. Translate the following into English.

1. Вчера в 9 часов вечера я смотрел телевизор. 2. Она сказала, что еще не выполнила домашнее задание. 3. Когда я впервые ее встретила, она работала в школе. 4. Все студенты выполнили задание правильно после того, как преподаватель рассказал им, как его делать. 5. Мой друг сказал, что его брат уже приехал. 6. Когда мы пришли на остановку, автобус уже ушел. 7. Он спросил меня, видел ли я, что произошло. 8. С кем вы разговаривали по телефону, когда я вошла в комнату? 9. Он пошел гулять после того, как пообедал. 10. Я спросил его, почему он не ответил на мое письмо. 11. Я часто ходил в эту библиотеку, когда работал в этом районе. 12. Вчера мы весь день работали в саду. 13. Я читал книгу, когда услышал телефонный звонок. 14. Она уже накрыла на стол, когда мы пришли. 15. Сколько страниц этой книги они перевели к концу прошлой недели? 16. Дождь уже прекратился, когда мы вышли из дома. 17. К семи часам все уже прибыли на вокзал.