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ПРОГРАММА КУРСА
Раздел 1.
Тема 1. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Понятие права. Профессия юриста».
Чтение текстов (изучающее, ознакомительное, просмотровое и поисковое). Перевод текстов. Коммуникация в профессионально-ориентированных ситуациях общения, осуществляемая в устной и письменной формах.
Краткая историческая справка по теме. Введение новых структурных лексических единиц. Ознакомительное чтение. Стратегии сжатия исходной информации, формирование вторичного текста (пересказ). Порядок слов в разных типах предложений. Конструкция There is/There are. Единственное и множественное число. Основное правило употребления артиклей в английском языке. Предлоги at/on/in в функциях времени и места
Тема 2. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Законотворческая деятельность. Основной закон России и страны изучаемого языка».
Чтение текстов (изучающее, ознакомительное, просмотровое и поисковое). Перевод текстов. Коммуникация в профессионально-ориентированных ситуациях общения, осуществляемая в устной и письменной формах.
Краткое представление материала по теме. Введение новых лексических единиц. Поисковое чтение. Составление конспекта на основе выполнения упражнений к тексту. Повторение видовременных форм Simple (Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple). Активный и пассивный залог. Предлог of и ‘s для выражения притяжательности.
Раздел 2.
Тема 3. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Государственное и политическое устройство России и страны изучаемого языка».
Чтение текстов (изучающее, ознакомительное, просмотровое и поисковое). Перевод текстов. Коммуникация в профессионально-ориентированных ситуациях общения, осуществляемая в устной и письменной формах.
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Краткое представление материала по теме. Введение новых лексических единиц. Просмотровое чтение. Анализ заголовков/подзаголовков и прогнозирование содержания текста. Построение дискуссии. Повторение видовременных форм Continuous. Прилагательные и наречия. Образование сравнительной степени.
Тема 4. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Национальные правовые системы современности. Российская правовая система».
Чтение текстов (изучающее, ознакомительное, просмотровое и поисковое). Перевод текстов. Коммуникация в профессионально-ориентированных ситуациях общения, осуществляемая в устной и письменной формах.
Краткое представление материала по теме. Введение новых лексических единиц. Изучающее чтение. Детализация структур и лексических единиц. Компрессия текста с целью создания мини-доклада на базе прочитанного текста. Формы будущего времени. Повторение типов вопросов.
Раздел 3.
Тема 5. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Судебная система РФ. Национальные судебные системы».
Чтение текстов (изучающее, ознакомительное, просмотровое и поисковое). Перевод текстов. Коммуникация в профессионально-ориентированных ситуациях общения, осуществляемая в устной и письменной формах.
Краткое представление материала по теме. Введение новых лексических единиц. Неличные глагольные формы. Артикль. Дискурсивные конструкции для выражения согласия, несогласия, добавления новой информации, противопоставления, отсылки на источник. Эмфатические конструкции. Инверсия.
Тема 6. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Организация Объединенных Наций. Декларация прав человека».
Чтение текстов (изучающее, ознакомительное, просмотровое и поисковое). Перевод текстов. 14 Коммуникация в профессионально-ориентированных ситуациях общения, осуществляемая в устной и письменной формах.
Введение новых лексических единиц. Знакомство с ресурсами и словарями. Перифраз. Обсуждение дефиниций. This is/that is. Значительный объем упражнений на тренировку и закрепление базовых терминов.
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Раздел 4.
Тема 7. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Система и отрасли права России и стран изучаемого языка».
Чтение текстов (изучающее, ознакомительное, просмотровое и поисковое). Перевод текстов. Коммуникация в профессионально-ориентированных ситуациях общения, осуществляемая в устной и письменной формах.
Введение в тему. Введение новых лексических единиц. Прямая и косвенная речь. Согласование времен. Придаточные предложения.
Раздел 5.
Раздел 6.
ЗАДАНИЯ ДЛЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ
ОБЩИЕ ЭЛЕКТРОННЫЕ РЕСУРСЫ ПО ДИСЦИПЛИНЕ
Видеоресурсы
Электронная литература
Тестовые задания
ЭЛЕКТРОННЫЕ РЕСУРСЫ ПО ОТДЕЛЬНЫМ ТЕМАМ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ
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Тема | Задание | Видеоресурсы | Электронная литература | Тестовые задания |
Тема 1. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Понятие права. Профессия юриста». | 1. Прочитать выражения, обращая внимание на произношение гласных звуков. Приложение №1 1. 2.Просмотреть видеоресурсы (видеоурок) | Видеолекция: https://youtu.be/vQnsOjJ6-8U | https:// www. book. ru / book /926637 Английский язык: учебное пособие / Т.А. Карпова, А.С. Восковская. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 364 с. — Для бакалавров. https://www.book.ru/book/930533 Английский язык. Insurance: basic terms, urgent issues and business applications. Учебное пособие: учебное пособие / И.И. Климова, А.Ю. Широких, Т.В. Моисеева, О.А. Калугина. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 155 с. | Вопросы для устного опроса 1. The UK is a constitutional monarchy. What does it mean? 2. Who is the Queen's power limited by? 3. Parliament in Britain has got two-chambers structure, hasn't it? 4. How often is Parliament elected? 5. The legislature consists of the Queen and Parliament. And what about the executive power? 6. Is the Prime Minister арpointed? 7. And where is the residence of the Prime Minister located? 8. And who does the supreme judicial power belong to? 9. 10. What is it necessary to do in order to understand English Constitutional law? |
Тема 2. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Законотворческая деятельность. Основной закон России и страны изучаемого языка». | 1.Прочитать выражения, обращая внимание на произношение согласных звуков. Приложение №1 2. 2.Просмотреть видеоресурсы (видеоурок) 3. 3.Выполнить тестовые задания. | Видеолекция: https://youtu.be/IofW8JooeNc https://youtu.be/W1lfjy-VS3k | https://www.book.ru/book/926938 Английский язык. Базовый курс с тестовыми заданиями + еПриложение: дополнительные материалы: учебное пособие / Т.А. Карпова, А.С. Восковская, М.В. Мельничук. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 264 с. https://www.book.ru/book/924198 Деловой английский язык: учебник / А.П. Шмакова, Е.Ю. Ковалева, Т.В. Никитенко, В.Г. Болотюк, Е.А. Сокур. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 275 с. — Для бакалавров. | 11. Why is the English Constitution to be regarded as «unwritten» from the standpoint of constitutional lawyers? 12. s the English Constitution rigid or flexible? 13. The Constitution is the source of the law, isn't it? 14. What power do the judges enjoy in administering justice? 15. What law do the judges administer? 16. What can you say about theory and practice concerning English constitutional law? 17. In what way are the Legislature and Executive joined together? 18. What are the main differences between the English and American Constitutions? 19. Can all laws in the USA be altered with ease? 20. The Executive in America is responsible to the Legislature, isn't it? |
Тема 2. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Законотворческая деятельность. Основной закон России и страны изучаемого языка». | 1.Прочитать выражения, обращая внимание на произношение дифтонгов. Приложение №1 4. 2.Просмотреть видеоресурсы (видеоурок) 5. 3.Выполнить тестовые задания. | Видеолекция: https://youtu.be/MG1Jkcs89kY | https:// www. book. ru / book /926938 Английский язык. Базовый курс с тестовыми заданиями + еПриложение: дополнительные материалы: учебное пособие / Т.А. Карпова, А.С. Восковская, М.В. Мельничук. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 264 с. https://www.book.ru/book/924198 Деловой английский язык: учебник / А.П. Шмакова, Е.Ю. Ковалева, Т.В. Никитенко, В.Г. Болотюк, Е.А. Сокур. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 275 с. — Для бакалавров. | Grammar Test (the verb TO HAVE) I.Используйте have или has. 1. I … a sister. 2. She … a lot of interesting books. 3. He … two uncles. 4. They … a large house. 5. You … some new magazines. 6. She … a lot of mistakes in her test. 7. I … a lot of notebooks in my bag. 8. The girls … three red pencils. 9. Kitty … two cousins. 10. Dr. Sanford … a son. 11. I … relatives in Moscow. 12. They … two bedrooms. 13. We …some newspapers on the desk. 14. You … a lot of colleagues abroad. 15. He … a hedgehog in his house. II.а) Напишите отрицательные предложения. б) Задайте общие вопросы. She has a son. a) She does not have a son. b)Does she have a son? 1.They have a sister. 2. She has a brother. 3. Bill has his own family. 4. They have a son. 5. We have a new car. 6 You have a lot of books at home. 7. She has friends in Moscow. 8. We have mistakes in our tests. 9. My elder sister has three sons. 10. They have two English classes today. 15. She has a lot of bright flowers in the garden. 11. We have a substantial breakfast every morning. 12. My uncle has a new bicycle. 13. Ann usually has coffee after dinner. 14. They have wonderful roses in their garden. III. Переведите на английский язык. 1.У меня есть коробка. -…… a box. 2.У вас есть друг. - … a fiend. 3. У тебя есть машина. - … a car. 4.У нас есть сестра. - … a sister. 4. У него есть дядя. - … an uncle. 5. У нее есть игрушки. - … toys. 6. У него есть родители. - … parents. 7. У них есть загородный дом. - … a country house. 8. У него есть теплая одежда. - … warm clothes. 9. У меня есть красивая дочь. - … a nice daughter. 10. У тебя есть яблоки. - …apples. |
Понятие интонации, разовое и логическое ударение Grammar: Понятие об артикле. Определенный артикль. Употребление артикля с именами существительными вещественными. | 1.Прочитать предложения, обращая внимание на их интонационное оформление. Приложение №1 6. 2.Просмотреть видеоресурсы (видеоурок) 7. 3.Выполнить тестовые задания. | Видеолекция: https://youtu.be/x4GSmBU1odA https://youtu.be/Iy1zHYE7lIE https://youtu.be/2RVbGO0unPc https://youtu.be/PN9h6F5UHYI | http://begin-english.ru/study/article/ https:// www. book. ru / book /926637 Английский язык: учебное пособие / Т.А. Карпова, А.С. Восковская. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 364 с. — Для бакалавров. https://www.book.ru/book/922096 Английский язык: учебное пособие / Н.М. Лизунова, Л.Ю. Обухова. — Москва: Русайнс, 2017. — 97 с. https://www.book.ru/book/930533 Английский язык. Insurance: basic terms, urgent issues and business applications. Учебное пособие: учебное пособие / И.И. Климова, А.Ю. Широких, Т.В. Моисеева, О.А. Калугина. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 155 с. https://www.book.ru/book/926938 Английский язык. Базовый курс с тестовыми заданиями + еПриложение: дополнительные материалы: учебное пособие / Т.А. Карпова, А.С. Восковская, М.В. Мельничук. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 264 с. https://www.book.ru/book/924198 Деловой английский язык: учебник / А.П. Шмакова, Е.Ю. Ковалева, Т.В. Никитенко, В.Г. Болотюк, Е.А. Сокур. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 275 с. — Для бакалавров. | A, AN, THE - Articles in English 1. I'd like ______ apple. -a -an -the -red 2. I bought a shirt. _____ shirt is red. -the -a -A -An -The -an 3. Bob and Kevin go to ______ same school. -a -an -the -The -both 4. I don't care which one, just give me _____ drink! -a -an -the -damn 5. Look at _____ moon! -a -an -the -big 6. I'd like ______ egg for breakfast, please! -a -an -the -chicken 7. I am from _____ Philippines. -a -an -the -country -many small islands -the country -a country 8. I love pink! I want _____ pink shoes! -a -an -the -pink 9. I will meet you in _____ hour. -a -an -the -five 10. Are you from _______ United Kingdom or _______ United States? -a, a -the, a -a, the -the, the -the, nor |
Speaking English: «Мы изучаем иностранные языки» ч.1. Grammar: Неопределенный артикль. Нулевой артикль. | 1.Подготовить рассказ как вы изучаете иностранный язык 8. 2.Просмотреть видеоресурсы (видеоурок) 9. 3.Выполнить тестовые задания. | https://youtu.be/x4GSmBU1odA https://youtu.be/Iy1zHYE7lIE https://youtu.be/2RVbGO0unPc https://youtu.be/PN9h6F5UHYI | https:// www. book. ru / book /926637 Английский язык: учебное пособие / Т.А. Карпова, А.С. Восковская. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 364 с. — Для бакалавров. https://www.book.ru/book/922096 Английский язык: учебное пособие / Н.М. Лизунова, Л.Ю. Обухова. — Москва: Русайнс, 2017. — 97 с. https://www.book.ru/book/930533 Английский язык. Insurance: basic terms, urgent issues and business applications. Учебное пособие: учебное пособие / И.И. Климова, А.Ю. Широких, Т.В. Моисеева, О.А. Калугина. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 155 с. https://www.book.ru/book/926938 Английский язык. Базовый курс с тестовыми заданиями + еПриложение: дополнительные материалы: учебное пособие / Т.А. Карпова, А.С. Восковская, М.В. Мельничук. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 264 с. | Choose the right answer 1. Give me … cigarette. a the - 2. Yesterday I found … wallet in the street a the - 3. Look out of … window! What is going on outside? a the - 4. What is … longest river in the world? a the - 5. … apple a day keeps the doctor away. (Proverb) An The - 6. I love … oranges. a the - 7. There is a red pen on the table. Give me … pen. a the - 8. I am going to … countryside tomorrow. a the - 9. Would you like … cup of coffee? a the - 10. Where is … Everest situated? a the - 11. Jane is … tallest girl in our class. a the - 12. Marilyn Monroe was … actress. an the - |
Тема 3. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Государственное и политическое устройство России и страны изучаемого языка». | 1.Подготовить рассказ как вы изучаете иностранный язык 10. | https://youtu.be/4iLtVQVIu-k https://youtu.be/NpaInnC9La4 https://youtu.be/x4GSmBU1odA | https:// www. book. ru / book /926637 Английский язык: учебное пособие / Т.А. Карпова, А.С. Восковская. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 364 с. — Для бакалавров. https://www.book.ru/book/922096 Английский язык: учебное пособие / Н.М. Лизунова, Л.Ю. Обухова. — Москва: Русайнс, 2017. — 97 с. | 1. I’m going to become a Lawyer. 2. What is Law? 3. The History of Law: The Magna Carta. 4. Crime, the Causes of Crime. 5. Criminology. 6. Crime in modern Society. 7. Imprisonment or Rehabilitation. 8. Police and Society. 9. The Jury and Its Value. 10. Court Procedures. |
Тема 4. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Национальные правовые системы современности. Российская правовая система». | 1.Прочитать и перевести текст, ответить на вопросы к тексту. Приложение №2 11. 2.Просмотреть видеоресурсы (видеоурок) | https:// www. book. ru / book /922096 Английский язык: учебное пособие / Н.М. Лизунова, Л.Ю. Обухова. — Москва: Русайнс, 2017. — 97 с. | ||
Тема 5. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Судебная система РФ. Национальные судебные системы». | 1.Прочитать и перевести текст, составить свой рассказ «Мой визит к врачу». Приложение №3 12. 2.Просмотреть видеоресурсы (видеоурок) 13. | https://youtu.be/x4GSmBU1odA https://youtu.be/Iy1zHYE7lIE https://youtu.be/2RVbGO0unPc https://youtu.be/PN9h6F5UHYI | https://www.book.ru/book/926938 Английский язык. Базовый курс с тестовыми заданиями + еПриложение: дополнительные материалы: учебное пособие / Т.А. Карпова, А.С. Восковская, М.В. Мельничук. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 264 с. https://www.book.ru/book/924198 Деловой английский язык: учебник / А.П. Шмакова, Е.Ю. Ковалева, Т.В. Никитенко, В.Г. Болотюк, Е.А. Сокур. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 275 с. — Для бакалавров. | |
Тема 6. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Организация Объединенных Наций. Декларация прав человека». | 1.Прочитать и перевести текст, задать 15 вопросов к тексту. Приложение №4 14. 2.Просмотреть видеоресурсы (видеоурок) 15. | https://youtu.be/FDseQiMA3c0 https://youtu.be/Iy1zHYE7lIE | https://www.book.ru/book/926938 Английский язык. Базовый курс с тестовыми заданиями + еПриложение: дополнительные материалы: учебное пособие / Т.А. Карпова, А.С. Восковская, М.В. Мельничук. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 264 с. https://www.book.ru/book/924198 Деловой английский язык: учебник / А.П. Шмакова, Е.Ю. Ковалева, Т.В. Никитенко, В.Г. Болотюк, Е.А. Сокур. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 275 с. — Для бакалавров. | |
Тема 7. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Система и отрасли права России и стран изучаемого языка». | 1.Прочитать и перевести текст, ответить на вопросы к тексту. Приложение №5 16. 2.Просмотреть видеоресурсы (видеоурок) 17. | https://youtu.be/PN9h6F5UHYI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Nf4yIXJsFk | https://www.book.ru/book/926938 Английский язык. Базовый курс с тестовыми заданиями + еПриложение: дополнительные материалы: учебное пособие / Т.А. Карпова, А.С. Восковская, М.В. Мельничук. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 264 с. https://www.book.ru/book/924198 Деловой английский язык: учебник / А.П. Шмакова, Е.Ю. Ковалева, Т.В. Никитенко, В.Г. Болотюк, Е.А. Сокур. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 275 с. — Для бакалавров. | |
Тема 8. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Преступление и наказание. Органы правопорядка». | 1.Прочитать и перевести текст, ответить на вопросы к тексту. Приложение №6 18. 2.Просмотреть видеоресурсы (видеоурок) 19. 3. Просмотреть и изучить презентацию 20. | https://youtu.be/PN9h6F5UHYI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Nf4yIXJsFk | https://www.book.ru/book/926938 Английский язык. Базовый курс с тестовыми заданиями + еПриложение: дополнительные материалы: учебное пособие / Т.А. Карпова, А.С. Восковская, М.В. Мельничук. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 264 с. https://www.book.ru/book/924198 Деловой английский язык: учебник / А.П. Шмакова, Е.Ю. Ковалева, Т.В. Никитенко, В.Г. Болотюк, Е.А. Сокур. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 275 с. — Для бакалавров. | |
Тема 9. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Гражданские правонарушения. Гражданский процесс». | 1.Прочитать и перевести диалоги, составить свой диалог, представляющий телефонные переговоры. Приложение №7 21. 2.Просмотреть видеоресурсы (видеоурок) 22. | https://youtu.be/PN9h6F5UHYI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Nf4yIXJsFk | https:// www. book. ru / book /926938 Английский язык. Базовый курс с тестовыми заданиями + еПриложение: дополнительные материалы: учебное пособие / Т.А. Карпова, А.С. Восковская, М.В. Мельничук. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 264 с. https://www.book.ru/book/924198 Деловой английский язык: учебник / А.П. Шмакова, Е.Ю. Ковалева, Т.В. Никитенко, В.Г. Болотюк, Е.А. Сокур. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 275 с. — Для бакалавров. | |
Тема 10. Лексико-грамматический минимум по теме: «Международное право». | 1.Прочитать и перевести тексты, написать свое письмо другу Приложение №8 23. 2.Просмотреть видеоресурсы (видеоурок) 24. 3. Составить все виды вопросов. | https://youtu.be/x4GSmBU1odA https://youtu.be/Iy1zHYE7lIE https://youtu.be/2RVbGO0unPc https://youtu.be/PN9h6F5UHYI | https://www.book.ru/book/926938 Английский язык. Базовый курс с тестовыми заданиями + еПриложение: дополнительные материалы: учебное пособие / Т.А. Карпова, А.С. Восковская, М.В. Мельничук. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 264 с. https://www.book.ru/book/924198 Деловой английский язык: учебник / А.П. Шмакова, Е.Ю. Ковалева, Т.В. Никитенко, В.Г. Болотюк, Е.А. Сокур. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 275 с. — Для бакалавров. | |
Speaking English “Preparing a presentation” Grammar: Прошедшее время группы Perfect (The Past Perfect Tense). | 1.Прочитать и перевести текст о подготовке презентации, подготовить собственную презентацию на английском языке «Мой родной город». Приложение №19 25. 2.Просмотреть видеоресурсы (видеоурок) 26. | https://youtu.be/PN9h6F5UHYI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Nf4yIXJsFk | https://www.book.ru/book/922096 Английский язык: учебное пособие / Н.М. Лизунова, Л.Ю. Обухова. — Москва: Русайнс, 2017. — 97 с. https://www.book.ru/book/930533 Английский язык. Insurance: basic terms, urgent issues and business applications. Учебное пособие: учебное пособие / И.И. Климова, А.Ю. Широких, Т.В. Моисеева, О.А. Калугина. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 155 с. | |
Speaking English: “Writing applications”. Grammar: Настоящее длительное время группы Perfect (Present perfect continuous) | 1.Прочитать и перевести тексты, написать 3 заявления по представленным образцам. Приложение №20 27. 2.Просмотреть видеоресурсы (видеоурок) 28. | https://youtu.be/x4GSmBU1odA https://youtu.be/Iy1zHYE7lIE https://youtu.be/2RVbGO0unPc https://youtu.be/PN9h6F5UHYI | https:// www. book. ru / book /922096 Английский язык: учебное пособие / Н.М. Лизунова, Л.Ю. Обухова. — Москва: Русайнс, 2017. — 97 с. https://www.book.ru/book/930533 Английский язык. Insurance: basic terms, urgent issues and business applications. Учебное пособие: учебное пособие / И.И. Климова, А.Ю. Широких, Т.В. Моисеева, О.А. Калугина. — Москва: КноРус, 2018. — 155 с. | |
https://youtu.be/NpaInnC9La4 https://youtu.be/PN9h6F5UHYI | ||||
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https://youtu.be/qkRRth1yM88 https://youtu.be/2RVbGO0unPc | ||||
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Приложение №1
LAW AND SOCIETY
LAW AND SOCIETY the world was at a very primitive stage of development there were no laws to regulate life of people. If a man chose to kill his wife or if a woman succeeded in killing her husband that was their own business and no one interfered officially.things never stay the same. The life has changed. We live in a complicated world. Scientific and social developments increase the tempo of our daily living activities, make them more involved.
Now we need rules and regulations which govern our every social move and action. We have made laws of community living.laws are based on the reasonable needs at the community we often dont notice them. If our neighbor plays loud music late at night, we probably try to discuss the matter with him rather than consulting the police, the lawyer or the courts. When we buy a TV set, or a train ticket or loan money to somebody a lawyer may tell us it represents a contract with legal obligations. But to most of us it is just a ticket that gets us on a train or a TV set to watch.when a neighbor refuses to behave reasonably or when we are injured in a train accident, the money wasnt repaid, the TV set fails to work and the owner of the shop didnt return money or replace it, we do start thinking about the legal implications of everyday activities.may wish to take legal action to recover your loss.
You may sue against Bert who didnt pay his debt. Thus you become a plaintiff and Bert is a defendant. At the trial you testified under oath about the loan. Bert, in his turn, claimed that it was a gift to him, which was not to be returned. The court after the listening to the testimony of both sides and considering the law decided that it was a loan and directed that judgment be entered in favor of you against Bert.transactions in modern society are so complex that few of us would risk making them without first seeking legal advice. For example, buying or selling a house, setting up a business, or deciding whom to give our property to when we die.the whole it seems that people all over the world are becoming more and more accustomed to using legal means to regulate their relations with each other. Multinational companies employ lawyers to ensure that their contracts are valid whenever they do business.
Ответьте на вопросы
1. Were there any laws when the world was at a very primitive stage of development?
2. Why do we need rules and regulations nowadays?
3. Do we notice laws? Why?
4. When do we start thinking about the legal implications of our everyday activities?
5. In what case may we sue against Berth?
6. Where do we testify under oath?
7. Did Berth win or lose the case?
8. In what cases do people seek legal advice?
9. Why do companies employ lawyers?
Задания развития лексико - грамматических навыков
1. Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the list below. Use each item once only admit break in community service forged money arrest terrorist on probation death penalty fined vandalised plead guilty smuggling drugs prove witness shoplifting reach a verdict
1) They fitted security locks to make it more difficult for a burglar to __________.
2) She was caught trying to buy a video recorder with _________.
3) If more offenders did________ this would benefit local people and reduce overcrowding in prisons.
4) He was put________ as it was his first offence.
5) The phone box had been________ so I looked for another one. 6) One________ was able to give a good description of the thief.
7) In an area of high unemployment__________ can be a problem, especially from supermarkets.
8) He was________ 400 pounds and banned from driving for a year.
9) If you________ the judge might give you a lighter sentence.
10) They finally got her to_______ that she had forged her employer’s signature on the form.
11) This is a complex case so the jury may take time to________.
12) In some countries you can be executed for_______ like cocaine.
13) There isn’t enough evidence to_______ that he committed the crime although we’re sure it must have been him.
14) The police appeared and started to________ the demonstrators.
15) There’s no________ in this country so he’ll probably be sentenced to life imprisonment.
16) He may be a________ to you but to other people he’s a freedom-fighter.
2. Put an explanation next to any difficult words. Can you add any more crimes to the list? ·
17. arson ·
18. assault ·
19. blackmail ·
20. burglary ·
21. kidnapping ·
22. selling drugs ·
23. shoplifting
24. smuggling watches ·
25. vandalism
3. Fill in the right preposition. before in to of with
27. He’s being kept ____custody.
28. He was sentenced ____ 5 years.
29. She got a sentence ____ 6 months.
30. He was accused _____ murder.
31 She’s been charged _____ theft.
32 He appeared ____court _____handcuffs.
33. They were brought ______ the judge.
34. The jury reached a verdict _____ guilty.
Приложение № 2
Приложение № 3
What is the Constitution?
We know since school that the Constitution is the country's fundamental law, it determines the nature of political authority, the structure of the state system, etc.
Constitutions are first and foremost supposed to set out and guarantee human rights, and in this connection (precisely in this connection) they are supposed to regulate and limit state authority.
The constitution is not merely the country's fundamental law, it is precisely the document which can (and must) make human rights real and immutable. That's what the sages of the past had in mind when they were trying to formulate their code of law. They intended to use it as a shield against highhanded authorities. The current Constitution is not ideal. Yet it shows a tendency towards democratisation and the recognition of human rights. The most important ideas are now incorporated in the new Constitution: the principle of human rights, the idea of a law-governed state, the idea of distrubution of power, the idea of a union of sovereign Republics, fully in accord with the requirements of their various nationalities. The current Constitution made possible some major changes in the country's political structure: the reform of the higher bodies of state power, the reform of suffrage to allow the first free elections, etc.
The laws on land ownership, the recognition of various types of property, the renovation of the judicial system are proclaimed for everyone's benefit.
Приложение № 4
The federal Judiciary
The third branch of government, in addition to the legislative (Congress) and executive (President) branches, is the federal judiciary. Its main instrument is the Supreme Court, which watches over the other two branches. It determines whether or not their laws and acts are in accordance with the Constitution. Congress has the power to fix the number of judges sitting on the Court, but it cannot change the powers given to the Supreme Court by the Constitution itself. The Supreme Court consists of a chief justice and eight associate justices. They are nominated by the President but must be approved by the Senate. Once approved, they hold office as Supreme Court Justices for life. A decision of the Supreme Court cannot be appealed to any other court. Neither the President nor Congress can change their decisions. In addition to the Supreme Court, Congress has established 11 federal courts of appeal and, bellow them, 91 federal district courts.
The Supreme Court has direct jurisdiction in only two kinds of cases: those involving foreign diplomats and those in which a state is a party. All other cases which reach the Court are appeals from lower courts. The Supreme Court chooses which of these it will hear. Most of the cases involve the interpretation of the Constitution. The Supreme Court also has the Їpower of judicial review‖, that is, it has the right to declare laws and actions of the federal, state, and local governments unconstitutional. While not stated in the Constitution, this power was established over time.
Answer the questions.
1. What are the functions of the Supreme Court of the USA?
2. Who does the Supreme Court consist of?
3. How long do the Supreme Court Justice serve?
4. Are the Supreme Court Justice elected?
5. Who can change the decisions of the Supreme Court?
6. What lower courts, besides the Supreme Court, are there in the USA?
7. In what kinds of cases does the Supreme Court have direct jurisdiction?
Приложение № 5
Memorandum
Date: September 30, 2006
From: Meridith Bronson
To: Franco Marconi, Director, Research Programs
Subject: Commendation - Henry Stapleton - Transport
Demand Project
The purpose of this is to officially commend Henry Stapleton for his exceptional contribution throughout his assignment to the Transport Demand Project (TDP).
As you know, Henry has been working on special assignment with the TDP team for the past eight months. Now that he is about to return to your part of the organization I wanted to make sure that he gets some recognition for his significant and exceptional contributions to the project.
As a junior econometrician, Henry's role in the project was pivotal to its timely and successful completion. It was Henry who worked long hours, numerous nights and weekends with his small team of researchers, first specifying, and then testing the thousands of equations that had to be run. The quality of Henry's written work was also exceptional. His regression analysis summaries were always very well written and rarely required revision.
As a colleague and project team member, Henry was also outstanding. His upbeat enthusiasm for the project was infectious, and he seemed to motivate the entire project team. He was very well-liked by all team members, and in effect he became "unofficial" deputy project manager.
In closing, I would like to say that I have worked with many junior economists and econometricians over the years and have never run across one as professional and productive as Henry Stapleton was on the TDP. I believe that the organization as a whole should recognize his exceptional contribution to a major project.
Please let me know if you have any questions or comments.
Meredith Bronson
Director, Econometric Research
cc: Henry Stapleton
Personnel file - H. Stapleton
Recommendation Letter
November 25, 2010
Mr. Roberto Villas
Manager, Marketing Services
Allied Industries Inc.
110 Riverbend Drive, Suite 1550
Stamford, CT 06907
Dear Mr. Villas:
This is in response to your recent request for a letter of recommendation for Maria Fuentas who worked for me up until two years ago.
Maria Fuentas worked under my direct supervision at Johnson Technologies for a period of six years ending in October 2010. During that period, I had the great pleasure of seeing her blossom from a junior marketing trainee at the beginning, into a fully functioning Marketing, Program Co-Ordinator, in her final two years with the company. That was the last position she held before moving on to a better career opportunity elsewhere.
Maria is a hard-working self-starter who invariably understands exactly what a project is all about from the outset, and how to get it done quickly and effectively. During her two years in the Marketing Co-Ordinator position, I cannot remember an instance in which she missed a major deadline. She often brought projects in below budget, and a few were even completed ahead of schedule.
Ms. Fuentas is a resourceful, creative, and solution-oriented person who was frequently able to come up with new and innovative approaches to her assigned projects. She functioned well as a team leader when required, and she also worked effectively as a team member under the direction of other team leaders.
On the interpersonal side, Maria has superior written and verbal communication skills. She gets along extremely well with staff under her supervision, as well as colleagues at her own level. She is highly respected, as both a person and a professional, by colleagues, employees, suppliers, and customers alike.
Two years ago, when Ms. Fuentas announced her resignation to take up a new position with a larger company, we were saddened to see her leave, although we wished her the greatest success in her new undertaking. Even now, two years after her departure, I can state that her presence, both as a person and as an exemplary employee, is still missed here.
In closing, as detailed above, based on my experience working with her, I can unreservedly recommend Maria Fuentas to you for any intermediate or senior marketing position. If you would like further elaboration, feel free to call me at (416) 765-4497.
Sincerely,
Robert Christenson
Director, Marketing and Sales
Letter of Interest
November 18, 2006
Mr. Raymond Fielding
President
Campus Renaissance Inc.
1850 Highridge Road
Columbus, Ohio 43201
Dear Raymond:
Mitchell-Maxwell and Timberline Properties are pleased to submit herewith our letter of interest to participate in your campus neighborhood redevelopment project.
Since being invited to address this exciting opportunity, our team members have collaborated to produce a preliminary plan that we believe will energize the neighborhood, strengthen the University community, and produce long-term benefits for the entire City of Columbus.
As you know, we are a team of professionals with a proven track record in this region that has the ability to successfully transform our plan into reality. Our team is comprised of members who have worked together on numerous successful projects. They have been assembled for this project because of the enormous trust and confidence thay have in one another. You can be assured that the lead partners in our group will manage the project closely and carefully, and accountability for results will never be delegated.
In the weeks ahead, we look forward to receiving comments from Campus Renaissance and the community at large about our preliminary proposal during the public consultation process. We understand that right now the plan is clearly a 'work in progress' which can only be improved by input from the various stakeholders who care the most about the area in question. We therefore look forward to using their input to develop a comprehensive integrated final development plan.
Thank you for giving us the opportunity to participate.
Sincerely,
__________________ ___________________
Mary Louise Lasser Roy Gooding
Timberline Properties Mitchell-Maxwell
Приложение № 6
Analyze your audience
- How many people will be in attendance?
- What kind of work or profession do they do?
- What is their level of understanding about your subject?
Analyzing your situation is often difficult to separate from analyzing your audience; in fact, audience is one facet of the larger situation.
Just as readers determine the success of written communication, audiences determine the success of oral presentations. Writing or speaking is successful if the reader or listener responds the way you desire: the reader or listener is informed, persuaded, or instructed as you intend and then responds the way you want with good will throughout.
Just as writing effectively depends on you understanding your reader as thoroughly as possible, effective speaking depends on you understanding your listener. You cannot speak or write effectively to people without first understanding their perspective. You must know how your audience will likely respond based on its members' educational and cultural background, knowledge of the subject, technical expertise, and position in the organization.
When you analyze your audience, focus on its members' professional as well as personal attributes. Your audience members will pay attention to some things because they belong to a specific department or class; they'll react to other things because of their likes, dislikes, and uncertainties. You have to keep both profiles in mind. Your analysis will suggest what you should say or write, what you should not say, and the tone you should use.
To help you analyze your audience, ask the following questions:
· How much do my audience members know about the subject?
· How much do they know about me?
· What do they expect from me?
· How interested will they be in what I say?
· What is their attitude toward me?
· What is their attitude toward my subject?
· What is their age group?
· What positions do their occupy in the organization?
· What is their educational background?
· What is their cultural/ethnic background?
· What is their economic background?
· What are their political and religious views?
· What kinds of cultural biases will they likely have toward me and my topic?
In viewing this list, you will note the prevalence of questions on attitude-- the audience's attitude toward you as well as the subject. Some attitudes will matter more than others, according to the situation.
These questions are particularly crucial ones, since you need to know, before you begin planning your presentation, whether your audience will consider you trustworthy and credible. To be an effective speaker, you must know your audience, establish a relationship by being sincere and knowledgeable about the subject, then conform to their expectations about dress, demeanor, choice of language, and attitude toward them and the topic.
Organize your presentation
The structure of the oral presentation is crucial for one main reason: once you have spoken, the audience cannot "rehear" what you have said. In reading, when you do not understand a sentence or paragraph, you can stop and reread the passage as many times as necessary. When you are speaking, however, the audience must be able to follow your meaning and understand it without having to stop and consider a particular point you have made, thereby missing later statements. To help your audience follow what you say easily, you must design your presentation with your audience, particularly their listening limitations, in mind.
Audiences generally do not enjoy long presentations. Listening is difficult, and audiences will tire even when a presentation is utterly smashing. For that reason, as you design your presentation and select content, look for ways to keep your message as concise as possible. Don't omit information your audience needs, but look for ways to eliminate non essential material. Again, without carefully analyzing your audience's attitude toward the subject, its background, knowledge of the topic, and perspective toward you, you cannot begin to make accurate decisions regarding either content or design and structure of your presentation.
Ask yourself the following questions:
· Is your audience interested in what you will say?
· What are the main questions they will want you to answer?
· Which of these questions is most important? least important?
· Based on your purpose and the audience's expectations, in what order should you present these ideas?
Helping your audience follow your message easily requires that you build into your structure a certain amount of redundancy. That means that you reiterate main points. When you divide your presentation into an introduction, the main body, and the conclusion, you are building in this necessary redundancy.
In the introduction, you "tell them what you are going to tell them"
In the main body, you "tell them"
In the conclusion, you "tell them what you told them"
This kind of deliberate repetition helps your audience follow and remember the main points you are making. (Readers can "reread" text, but listeners cannot "rehear" oral remarks.) To design your presentation with planned repetition, you must clearly know your purpose and what you want your audience to know.
The introduction should clearly tell the audience what the presentation will cover so that the audience is prepared for what is to come.
In planning your introduction, be sure that you state your goal near the beginning. Even if you use some type of anecdote or question to interest your audience, state the goal of your presentation next. Then, state how you will proceed in your presentation: what main issues you will discuss. The main ideas you have developed during the research and content planning stage should be announced here. Generally, the introduction should end with a reiteration of your main point.
The body should develop each point previewed in the introduction.
In the introduction you state the main issues or topics you plan to present. Thus, in designing the body of the presentation, you develop what you want to say about each of these main points or ideas. You may want to present your ideas in a chronological sequence, a logical sequence, or a simple topical sequence. This method will help your audience follow your ideas if you are giving an informative speech, an analytical speech, or a persuasive speech. The important point, however, is that you need to demarcate and announce each point in the body as you come to it so that your audience knows when you have completed one point and begun another.
The conclusion should reiterate the ideas presented and reinforce the purpose of the presentation. It usually answers the question: "so what?"
The conclusion to the presentation should help the audience understand the significance of your talk and remember main points. At a minimum, you should restate the main issues you want your audience to remember, but do so in a concise way. Try to find a concluding narrative or statement that will have an impact on your audience. The conclusion should not be long, but it should leave the audience with a positive feeling about you and your ideas.
The conclusion reinforces the main ideas you wish your audience to retain. Remember: in the introduction, you "tell them what you will tell them"; in the body, you "tell them"; and in the conclusion, you "tell them what you told them." In a presentation which has covered numerous points, you should be sure to reemphasize the main points. But the conclusion also allows you to emphasize the importance of specific ideas, or you can reiterate the value to the ideas you have presented. In short, how you design the conclusion will depend on your initial purpose. A strong conclusion is nearly as important as a strong introduction, as both the beginning and the end will be the parts most likely remembere
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