Some parents find cultural outings unaffordable.

7. Learning a foreign language is one of the least popular activities.

Emma Gray thinks culture isn’t very important and more focus should be on science and maths.

IX. Выполните письменный перевод абзацев 4, 5.

 

Do British Children See Enough Culture?

 

1. Few children in the UK are exposed to cultural activity, millions of British children are "culture starved" as they have never been to an art gallery, theatre or museum. This seems like such a shame when there are so many great museums, galleries and theatres in this country, many of which you can attend for free!

2. The research, сarried out by Visit Birmingham, found that four in ten children had never been to an art gallery, while a quarter of parents had never taken their offspring to the theatre. One in five parents said they did not think their child would be interested. The study surveyed 2,000 parents of five to twelve-year-olds around the UK.

3. It also found 17% of children had never visited a museum, while one in ten had not been outside their home town to visit other sites in the UK. Half of parents said they made little effort to educate their children about culture or history and relied on schools to do so. A quarter said they could not afford to visit attractions and 28% admitted they did not have the time and 18% believed their child was "too young for culture". However, half of them said they would take their children sightseeing when they were abroad on holiday.

4. When they were asked what cultural activities their children had participated in, the most popular was learning an instrument (39%). The next most popular activities were ballet (24%), painting (23%) and singing in a choir (22%). Just over a fifth of children were learning a foreign language.

5. Emma Gray said it was important for all generations to embrace cultural activity. "Culture can take many kinds of forms and it's essential to encourage our children to get involved with this at any early age," she said. "A few trips during the year to museums, landmarks or even cultural festivals will prove to be memorable, informative and fun occasions for youngsters."

 

· to be exposed to cultural activity – приобщаться к культуре

· to be “culture-starved” – испытывать культурный голод

Вариант 5

I. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в Past Simple.

1. She (not / go) to the concert last night.

2. He (make) a trip around the world last year.

3. How (you / spend) last weekend?

 

II. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в Past Continuous.

1. The students (do) a test from 9 till 11 in the morning.

2. She (not / write) an essay the whole evening yesterday.

3. (it / rain) when you looked out of the window?

 

III. Поставьте глагол в Past Simple или в Past Continuous. Переведите предложения.

1. When I (come) in I saw that Barbara (cry).

2. The rain (stop) while we (walk) home.

3. When the fire alarm (ring) we (have) lunch.

4. While we (play) chess the light (go) out.

 

IV. Составьте предложения в Past Simple или в Past Continuous. Переведите предложения.

1. at her house / they / a little before 9 p. m. / arrived.

2. barking / the dog / for the whole night / was.

3. they / all day long / snowboarding / were / not.

4. were / at the time of the accident / doing / you / what?

 

V. Поставьте вместо пропусков was / were или did.

1. … the trip expensive?  - No, the price … quite reasonable.

2. How much … it cost? - … it worth the price?

3. … they happy about the news? - What … they say?

 

VI. Дополните предложения, употребив some, any, no.

1. The car park was empty. There weren't … cars and there were … people.

2. … analysts are saying that the crisis will continue for … time.

3. We don't have … news from Jim and we have … idea what he wants to do.

4. I've got … ice-cream but I haven't got … fruit. I'll go and buy ….

5. I haven't done … revision for my exam. – You have … time before it.

 

VII. Дополните предложения, используя somebody / anybody / nobody;        something / anything / nothing; somewhere / anywhere / nowhere.

1. What did you have for breakfast? – …. I don't usually have … for breakfast.

2. The accident didn't look serious.... was injured and … was damaged.

3. Would you like to go out tonight? – No. There is … to go and … to do here.

4. Would you like … to drink? – Oh, sorry. … has finished the last carton.

5. I didn’t buy … in town. I wanted a DVD but I couldn’t find it ….

 

VIII. Прочитайте текст. Определите, верны (True) или не верны (False) следующие утверждения.

 

1. The text is about the ICRC wartime and peacetime activities.

2. The Red Cross is subsidized by the UN.

3. Public figures also donate money to the organization.

4. The ICRC workers are involved in organizing protests against human rights violation.

5. The Red Cross volunteers don’t take sides in war conflicts.

6. The ICRC sponsors blood-donating programmes.

7. Geneva Conventions focus on the protection of civilians and those who can no longer fight in an armed conflict

8. Not all the relief organizations support the position of Red Cross.

 

IX. Выполните письменный перевод абзацев 3, 4.

 

RED CROSS

1. Almost everyone recognizes the symbol of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). It looks like the Swiss flag.

2. A young Swiss businessman, Jean Henry Dunant was appalled by the condition of the wounded soldiers he happened to see in the battle field of Solferino, Italy in 1859 during the Franco-Austrian war. He arranged relief services and suggested that a neutral organization should be established to help the wounded soldiers in times of war.

3. Although the Red Cross was started by a Swiss citizen and its headquarters are in Geneva, the organization has no official ties to Switzerland. It is not related to the United Nations (UN) either. It is a completely independent organization which is funded by donations from the public and private agencies, celebrities and from governments.

4. Have you ever given blood or taken swimming lessons through a Red Cross-sponsored programme? These are the best-known peacetime activities of the ICRC. It also responds rapidly and efficiently to the needs of refugees and victims of such natural disasters as floods, fires and famines.

5. Much more controversial are the Red Cross’s activities during wartime. Unlike most relief organizations, the ICRC helps the wounded and sick on both sides of the armed conflict – it is dedicated to neutrality. The Red Cross workers also believe that war cannot be abolished, but it can be controlled. To civilize conflict, they promote the Geneva Conventions (1949), which are international agreements, or laws of war, that protect prisoners of war, wounded soldiers and civilians. Now, 189 countries have subscribed to them.

6. Other humanitarian relief organizations disagree with the Red Cross’s position. They support the UN’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948). If people’s human rights are violated, then these organizations do not remain neutral. Instead, they denounce the abusers and help the victims.

 

 

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 4

 

Грамматический материал: Времена Past Simple и Present Perfect                                             Выражение количества

 

Вариант 1

I. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в Present Perfect.

1. They (already / leave) for Manchester.

2. I (not / see) Tom for ages.

3. (she / ever / be) to Italy?

4. How long (you / have) your car?

 

II. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в Present Perfect или в Past Simple. Переведите предложения.

1. Unfortunately people (not / have) mobile phones in the 1960s.

2. This is the most difficult task (I /ever / do).

3. (it / stop) raining yet? 

4. She (become) a vegetarian a few years ago.

5. He (not / play) volleyball since he was a student.

6. When (you / start) doing sport seriously?

 

III. Составьте и запишите предложения в Present Perfect или в Past Simple. Переведите предложения.

1. to him / you / last week / talk / did?

2. very busy / been / she / recently / has.

3. have / received / you / yet / my letter?

4. in 1990s / moved / to London / they.

5. never / he / there / been / has / before.

6. he / yesterday / did / breakfast / not / have.

 

IV. Поставьте вместо пропусков have / has или did.

1. I … not see Jack last Saturday.

2. How long … you lived here?

3. … you watch the news yesterday?

4. She … never driven a car before.

 

V. Выберите подходящее слово из скобок.

1. Ann has lived with us … she was eleven. She has been with us … five years now. She first came to live with us five years … (ago / since / for)

2. He’s …come. I’ve … seen him. Have you seen him …? (just / already / yet)

 

VI. Выберите подходящее слово из скобок.

1. Very … people could manage to live on so … money. (a lot of / little / few)

2. There are … boys in their class but very … girls. (little / few / lots of)

3. There isn’t … free time, we have so … things to do! (little / many / much)

 

VII. Прочитайте текст. Определите, верны (True) или не верны (False) следующие утверждения.

 

1. Alongside with other crimes the modern world has a group of computer related crimes.

2. There is a special word for people who break into someone else's computer systems.

3. Hackers get into other people’s computers for fraudulent purposes.

4. The increase of fraud through the computer has no connection with the practice of purchasing goods through the Internet.

5. Banks are taking serious security measures against computer attacks.

6. Most computer users are not afraid of hackers' attacks.

7. To become a computer hacker you don’t need to be familiar with modern techniques and developments.

8. According to the writer all computer users must be careful about hackers.

 

VIII. Выполните письменный перевод абзацев 4, 5.

 

Computer hackers

1. Computers have become so necessary to modern living that it is difficult to believe that they are a relatively recent invention. Undoubtedly, they are of great value, but they also have their disadvantages. For one thing, they have added to our already large number of crimes.

2. Hacking was the first computer crime that most of us became aware of. People known as hackers can gain unauthorized access to someone else’s computer and make use of the data which they find there. They may get hold of lists of the names of their computers clients and use these to build up their own business, or they may use hacking to find out a rival’s company plans. Other hacking activities may be more obviously criminal: hackers may log on to financial data in someone else’s computer and either alter it illegally or use it for fraudulent purposes.

3. The possibility of serious financial fraud has been greatly increased by the modern practice of purchasing goods through the Internet. The use of credit cards to pay for such purchases has led to record levels of fraud. Banks are working hard to improve online security and to provide safeguards for customers, but fraudsters are working just as hard to improve their techniques.

4. Many computer users worry that their systems can be affected by computer viruses. The people who introduce such bugs into other people’s computer programs may not have any intention to commit a crime, but the motive does not really matter to the people whose data has been deleted or altered or whose files have been corrupted.

5. Computers are part of a highly technical method of working, in which there are constantly new developments. Unfortunately, there’s always a constant stream of new developments in the fraud industry associated with them. So, all computer users must be on their guard.

· to get hold of – завладеть ч.-л.

· fraud – мошенничество; fraudulent – обманный, жульнический; fraudster – мошенник

Вариант 2

 

I. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в Present Perfect.

1. They (just / buy) a house in the countryside.

2. I sent her a mail but she (not / reply) so far.

3. (the letter / arrive) yet?

4. How long (you / know) your best friend?

 

II. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в Present Perfect или в Past Simple. Переведите предложения.

1. This is the most beautiful view (I / ever / seen).

2. Sorry that I (not / come) to your birthday party last Saturday.

3. (you / ever / try) any extreme sports?

4. Bob and Joan (get) married fifty years ago.

5. (you / talk) to your boss about the pay rise yesterday?

6. Don’t enter, please. The meeting (not / finish) yet.

 

III. Составьте и запишите предложения в Present Perfect или в Past Simple. Переведите предложения.

1. for many years / have / I / to the opera / been / not.

2. already / has / walking / started / the baby?

3. when he was young / did / enough money / have / not / he.

4. took place / on Monday / the presentation of the new project.

5. drunk / today / already / he / 5 cups of coffee / has.

6. in the countryside / spend / the whole summer / you / did?

 

IV. Поставьте вместо пропусков have / has или did.

1. … you sleep well last night?

2. It … never happened before.

3. What … you prepared for today?

4. They … not tell me anything yesterday.

 

V. Выберите подходящее слово из скобок.

1. … October the weather has been awful. Fortunately we had our holiday a few months …. We went to Italy … ten days. (for / ago / since)

2. Is David here? – No, not …. But he has … checked in. He has … sent me a message that he is coming in about five minutes. (already / just / yet)

 

VI. Выберите подходящее слово из скобок.

1. He didn’t sell very … books. That’s why he never made … money. (few / much / many)

2. There were … visitors to our house so there was very … noise. (little / much / few)

3. When I am busy I always do … work before breakfast. I have … time for that. (much / little / little)

 

VII. Прочитайте текст. Определите, верны (True) или не верны (False) следующие утверждения.

 

1. Bryan Bonaparte is a shop owner.

2. Ace is an agency that provides shopping services for its clients.

3. Bryan’s services are popular because many people hate shopping.

4. Bryan buys things for his clients but they have to pick them up from his office.

5. The charge depends on the number of items to buy.

6. Bryan’s agency shops for everything including food.

7. You need to give Bryan some details of what you would like to order.

8. Bryan set up this kind of business because he loves shopping.

 

VIII. Выполните письменный перевод абзацев 1, 6.

 

The good buy man

 

1. Bryan Bonaparte is that rare man who loves shopping. Indeed, he loves it so much that he set up an agency to provide a shopping service for those people who don’t share his enthusiasm. People say to me, “I can’t believe you enjoy doing this”, but I do. And it’s great to get paid for it as well.

2. Bryan’s agency, called Ace, started in a small way one Christmas. It was meant to be just a seasonal thing, but it turned out to be so successful that he carried on throughout the year. It seems there are always gifts to buy for weddings, birthdays, anniversaries and retirements.

3. A survey published in the London Evening News found that many people are getting depressed at the prospect of shopping, and this may somehow explain Bryan’s success. The survey mentions crowds, bad weather, choosing the right present and carrying heavy bags as stress triggers.

4. Planning a shopping trip with military precision is Bryan’s solution. “A lot of people go shopping, especially during the sales, with no idea what they are looking for,” he explains. “It’s no wonder they find wandering around the stores frustrating and exhausting.”

5. The shopping area covered by Ace runs through most of London’s West End shopping districts. Bryan, or another member of his team, is happy to take anyone shopping within this area or to visit stores on their behalf, delivering goods to clients’ homes or offices at a convenient time, including evenings and weekends.

6. A fixed charge of 15 pounds per hour applies to either service. The only thing Bryan won’t do is buy food. For sales shopping the clients need to be specific about size, colour, style and designer labels. If you don’t actually know what you want, Ace will make suggestions, buy the items, then return to the shops to exchange them if you are not completely satisfied. However, Bryan warns that shops generally won’t exchange items bought in sales.

7. Bryan’s specialist knowledge means that clients usually get a good deal. Bryan himself admits, "I get a real buzz out of shopping."

                                      

Вариант 3

I. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в Present Perfect.

1. Emily (just / find) a new job in a large company.

2. I am sorry but I (not / finish) the project yet.

3. (you /ever / run) a marathon?

4. How long (they / be) married?

 

II. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в Present Perfect или в Past Simple. Переведите предложения.

1. How many times (you / visit) your parents this year?

2. I (not / check) my e-mails for ten days.

3. We heard that he (play) the violin many years ago.

4. (you / arrive) at the station in time yesterday?

5. She is the kindest person (I / ever / meet).

6. The situation was very difficult and we (not / know) what to do.

 

III. Составьте и запишите предложения в Present Perfect или в Past Simple. Переведите предложения:

1. has / visited / she / how many times / London?

2. went / last month / he / to France / on a business trip.

3. since 1994 / lived / in Canada / has / she.

4. I / tomatoes / not / like / in my childhood / did.

5. never / they / abroad / travelled / have.

6. for her birthday / did / receive / many gifts / on Sunday / she?

 

IV. Поставьте вместо пропусков have / has или did.

1. The car … broken down.

2. I … not have breakfast уеt.

3. … you heard the news?

4. When … they arrive?

 

V. Выберите подходящее слово из скобок.

1. I first met Jan at a party about six months …. I have known him … just        about six months. I have known Jan … we met at your Christmas party. (for / ago / since)

2. Lucy asked me to e-mail the office in Vienna but I have … done it. They have … told me that they haven’t discussed the financial terms of our contract….(yet / already / just)     

 

VI. Выберите подходящее слово из скобок.

1. There weren’t … trains to Birmingham, but there were … buses. (many / few / a lot of)

2. If you can spare me … time, I’d like to make … suggestions. (a lot of / a few / a little)

3. The rich have so … money and the poor have so …. (few / little / much)

 

VII. Прочитайте текст. Определите, верны (True) или не верны (False) следующие утверждения.

 

1. Parents do not agree that computer games have a bad effect on children.

2. Computer games prevent children from interacting with each other.

3. Violence in computer games is not a worry.

4. Most parents believe that television is not as harmful as computer games.

5. Computer games distract children from studying.

6. When children spend a lot of time playing computer games their creativity improves.

7. According to the research playing computer games stimulates only certain parts of the brain.

8. A Japanese professor has research evidence to show that computer games may slow down the child’s mental growth.

 

VIII. Выполните письменный перевод абзацев 1, 3.

 

Computer games

1. Professor Ryuta Kawashima of Tohoku University has produced evidence to show that computer games can have a bad effect on children. Using state-of-the-art technology, he has conducted research, which shows that computer games may slow down the development of children’s brains.

2. He has been able to show, by means of brain scans, that playing computer games stimulates activity in only part of the players’ brains, the part associated with vision and movement. The other parts of their brains, associated with learning, memory, emotion and self-control, remain underdeveloped.

3. Many parents and grandparents are also aware of the negative aspects computer games have. Parental worries about computer games often relate to their effect on their children’s health and on their social skills. They think that children should spend more time outside getting exercise and enjoying fresh air while playing with their friends. Since many of them usually play by themselves, they live rather isolated lives, with little opportunity to interact with other people. As a result, they may be very poor at communication.

4. Parents are also worried that the violence of many of the games will cause their children to become more aggressive and violent themselves. This anxiety also applies to television, which often shows scenes of extreme brutality.

5. There are fears, too, that since children often choose to play computer games instead of reading or doing their homework, the games have a bad effect on their education. Parents are also worried that video games will prevent their children from developing their creativity, if they spend all their time in front of a screen, instead of drawing, writing stories and so on.

6. If the children’s ability to control their behaviour is underdeveloped then they are more likely to become violent. So Professor Kawashima’s research proves that parental fears about computer games are justified.

 

· state-of-the-art – современный, новейший

Вариант 4

 

I. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в Present Perfect.

1. It’s the end of the term and the students (just / pass) their exams.

2. He wants to travel abroad but he (not / obtain) the visa yet.

3. (she / find) a solution to her problem?

4. How long (you / work) for an airline?

 

II. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в Present Perfect или в Past Simple. Переведите предложения.

1. It’s the most boring film (I / ever / see).

2. He (not / be) to his native town for years.

3. They (move) to a new apartment only a few days ago.

4. She (not / have) a high salary when she worked as a nurse.

5. (you / read) any interesting books lately?

6. (he / study) well when he was a student?

 

III. Составьте и запишите предложения в Present Perfect или в Past Simple. Переведите предложения.

1. emigrated / in 2010 / to Spain / my sister.

2. never / seen / in his life / he / snow / has.

3. you / in your childhood / any musical instruments / play / did?

4. she / how long / been / away / has?

5. go / not / to the gym / I / last month / did.

6. has / the plane / yet / taken off / not.

 

IV. Поставьте вместо пропусков have / has или did.

1. It … never been so cold here.

2. When … it happen?

3. … you seen him recently?

4. I … not know about it.

 

V. Выберите подходящее слово из скобок.

1. George has already worked on the farm … over five years. He started working there five years …. He has been in charge … summer 2010. (ago / since / for)

2. Would you like to go and see X-Men? – Not really, I’ve … seen it twice. Have you seen it …? – No, but I’ve … bought a ticket for the 17.00 show. (just / already / yet)

 

VI. Выберите подходящее слово из скобок.

1. There are very … cinemas in the town, but very … theatres. (a lot of / few / many)

2. She speaks … English but she doesn’t speak … French. (much / many / a lot of)

3. He spends so … time playing football that he has … time for anything else. (a lot of / much / little)

     

VII. Прочитайте текст. Определите, верны (True) или не верны (False) следующие утверждения.

 

1. A handshake is a common greeting in the western countries.

2. In Japan and Thailand eye contact is very important.

3. There are no countries with restrictions as far as clothes are concerned.

4. You shouldn’t take off your footwear in Asian countries.

5. Having lunch and doing business is not common in Britain.

6. It’s advisable to have your business card printed in the language of the country you are visiting.

7. It’s rude to refuse an invitation to go out with colleagues in Japan.

8. In some countries it’s common for businesses to have a break during the daytime.

                     

VIII. Выполните письменный перевод абзацев 2, 5.

 

Good manners

1. Travelling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier. We live in a global village, but that doesn’t mean that we all behave in the same way.

2. How should you behave when you meet someone for the first time? An American or Canadian shakes your hand firmly while looking you straight in the eyes. In Japan, you should bow. In Thailand, the greeting is made by pressing both hands together at the chest, as if you are praying, and bowing your head slightly. In both countries, eye contact is avoided as a sign of respect.

3. Many countries have rules about what you should and shouldn’t wear. In Asian and Muslim countries, you shouldn’t reveal the body, especially women, who should wear long-sleeved blouses and skirts below the knee. In Japan you should take off your shoes when entering a house or a restaurant. This is also true in China, Korea, Thailand and Iran.

4. In Italy, Spain and Latin America, lunch is often the biggest meal of the day, and can last two or three hours. In Britain, you might have a business lunch and do business as you eat. In Mexico and Japan, many people prefer not to discuss business while eating, lunch is a time to relax and socialize.

5. In most countries an exchange of business cards is essential for all introductions. You should include your company name and your position. If you are going to a country where your language is not spoken, you can get the reverse side of your card printed in the local language. In Japan, you must present your card with both hands, with the writing facing the person you are giving it to.

6. Japanese people consider it their professional duty to go out after work with colleagues to restaurants, bars or nightclubs. If you are invited, you shouldn’t refuse, even if you don’t feel like staying out late.

7. In many countries business hours are from 9.00 or 10.00 to 5.00 or 6.00. However, in some countries, such as Greece, Italy and Spain, some businesses close in the early afternoon for a couple of hours and then remain open until late in the evening.

Вариант 5

 

I. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в Present Perfect.

1. Excuse me, you (take) my seat.

2. She is afraid of flying because she (not / travel) by plane before.

3. (you / see) Jack since our last visit to the cinema?

4. How long (he / be) ill?

 

II. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в Present Perfect или в Past Simple. Переведите предложения.

1. I know that she (not / speak) to him for more than a month.

2. This is the most expensive hotel (I / ever / stay) at.

3. (they / tell) you all the news yesterday?

4. Rick and Sandra (live) in Japan from 2008 to 2012.

5. (you /ever meet) any celebrities?

6. He (not / have) enough spare time when he worked in a bank.

 

III. Составьте и запишите предложения в Present Perfect или в Past Simple. Переведите предложения.

1. yet / finished / has / the match / not.

2. did / five years / not / ago / have / she / so many friends.

3. all the games / win / last season / your team / did?

4. in this company / how long / she / worked / has?

5. was / when he was a child / he / afraid of / dogs.

6. never / before / it / so cold / been / has / here.

 

IV. Поставьте вместо пропусков have / has или did.

1. … you work last Saturday?

2. How long … you had your computer?

3. It … never occurred to me.

4. They … not call me yesterday.

 

V. Выберите подходящее слово из скобок.

1. How long have you been at home? – I think I’ve been here … 5 o'clock, … about half an hour or so. I arrived about half an hour …. (ago / since / for)

2. Has he done the work …? – Certainly not! I have … told you twice that he              has … started doing it! (just / already / yet)

 

VI. Выберите подходящее слово из скобок.

1. There’s … work to do, so we don’t have … time to spare. (little / much / a few)

2. He has always demanded … attention but has received very …. (few / little / a lot of)

3. I was tired and hungry but fortunately I had … money left so I bought … snacks. (many /a few / a little)

 

 

VII. Прочитайте текст. Определите, верны (True) или не верны (False) следующие утверждения.

 

1. Joseph Pulitzer came from the mid-west of the USA.

2. Pulitzer was an uncompromising journalist.

3. Besides writing for newspapers Joseph Pulitzer was the boss of some of them.

4. The text tells us that Joseph was the richest man in New York.

5. Pulitzer was often threatened with lawsuits.

6. The sum of money used for the award is $500.

7. The prizes are given in several categories.

8. The prizes are administered by the New York World.

  

VIII. Выполните письменный перевод абзаца 2.

 

Joseph Pulitzer

 

1. Newspaper editor and publisher Joseph Pulitzer helped set the pattern of the modern newspaper. In his time, he was one of the most powerful U.S. journalists.

2. Joseph Pulitzer was born in 1847 in Hungary. He came from a large family, but only he and his brother Albert survived to adulthood. He emigrated to the United States when he was seventeen years old. He spent his career in journalism working in the mid-west and New York. From 1871 he was also the owner or part-owner of many newspapers. His most famous newspaper was the New York World. The motto Pulitzer displayed in his newsroom was “Accuracy! Terseness! Accuracy!” He believed in reporting the facts and nothing but the facts in his papers and spent his life fighting corrupt government, social evils, and most of all, the extremely wealthy. He exposed many scandals. He never backed down from the truth despite both physical and legal threats from those he exposed. He was a rich man; he paid his employees well and was a generous person.

3. In later life, Joseph Pulitzer collapsed from overwork, and lost his eyesight. He became dedicated to improving the quality of journalism in America, and donated $1 million to Columbia University to found a school of journalism. However, his most significant contribution was the establishment of the Pulitzer prizes in his will.

4. These prizes for excellence in journalism have been given every year since 1917 by Columbia University. Since 1942 there have been extra categories for press photography, and later still for criticism, feature writing and commentary. The prize was originally for $500, but today the winners of the prize receive a gold medal. However, the real value of the prize is that it confirms that the journalist who has received the award is the best American journalist of the year – a fact that is worth much more than $500 to the journalist and to the newspaper that employs him or her. 

 

 

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 5

 

Грамматический материал: Времена группы Simple в страдательном залоге                                             Степени сравнения прилагательных

 

Вариант 1

I. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.

1. Bread (eat) every day.

2. The letter (not / receive) yesterday.

3. (the goods / send) by rail?

4. (you / ask) at the lesson yesterday?

5. Many new houses (build) in our town every year.

6. The tourists (not / take) to the Russian Museum tomorrow.

 

II. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в действительном или страдательном залоге. Переведите предложения.

1. Nobody (see) him at the lecture yesterday.

2. As far as I know the meeting (not / hold) tomorrow.

3. According to the weather forecast it (not / get) warmer next week.

4. Moscow University (found) by M. V. Lomonosov.

5. (the city / divide) by the river into two parts?

6. (students / have) exams twice a year?

 

III. Преобразуйте следующие предложения из действительного залога в страдательный.

1. We make jewelry from gold and silver.

2. They cancelled our flight due to bad weather conditions.

3. They will show this film on TV soon.

 

IV. Составьте и запишите предложения в страдательном залоге. Переведите предложения.

1. yesterday / cleaned / was / the office / not.

2. stamps / sold / in post offices / are.

3. the bicycle / when / stolen / was?

4. a new bridge / not / next year / built / will / be.

5. I / woken up / by a loud noise / was.

6. be / the celebration / postponed / will / till the next weekend?

 

 

V. Выберите нужную степень сравнения. Переведите предложения.

1. Scientists don’t have (much/more/most) hope of finding a cure for cancer.

2. California has a (healthy/healthier/healthiest) climate than New York.

3. What is the (unusual/more unusual/most unusual) thing you’ve ever done?

1. It is getting (hard/harder/hardest) and (hard/harder/hardest) to find a job.

 

VI. Раскройте скобки, употребив нужную степень сравнения.

1. Sue’s car isn’t very (big). She wants a (big) car.

2. The weather wasn’t very (good) yesterday. It is (good) today.

3. The performance was (bad). It was the (bad) performance I had ever seen.

4. We have (little) time to do it than usual.

VII. Прочитайте текст. Определите, верны (True) или не верны (False) следующие утверждения.

 

1. It can cost a collector a fortune to buy an item he or she needs.

2. An antique item can be charged a few pence.

3. Collecting bus tickets is not widespread.

4. Some countries raise money selling beer bottle labels.

5. Elvis Presley’s fan may want to have an original 1955 disc record.

6. The most valuable item for a collector is often the most expensive thing.

7. The bigger your collection, the more you know about the subject.

8. Collecting is done mostly for fun.

 

VIII. Выполните письменный перевод абзаца   4.

 

WHAT IS A COLLECTOR?

1. You don’t really start collections, collections start you. The first stage is accumulating – or not throwing anything away. Stuff comes into your possession that looks good or interesting, or is amusing or historic, and you put it in a folder, or in a drawer. Think about the things you already accumulate – they could become a collection.

2. The second stage is acquiring – when you go out deliberately to look for objects to add to your collection.

3. The final stage is when you start buying the things you already have again, because you want a better copy.

4. People collect a wide variety of things, from the obvious ones like stamps, coins or autographs, to the less common ones, such as beer bottle labels, bus tickets or gramophone-needle tins. The economies of several small countries rely heavily on the sale of colourful stamps. Some collectors spend hours looking through junk shops and build up a collection for a few pence per item, while collectors of antiques, fine china or paintings spend thousands of pounds on a new acquisition. Some people collect as an investment, but most do it for fun. Collecting is basically illogical. If you simply want to listen to Elvis Presley’s first record, you can get a copy at most record shops. A collector, however, will want to own an original 1955 disc, complete with its original sleeve and label, and will pay for it.

5. What should you collect? Most collectors begin acquiring things which interest them, and as the collection grows, knowledge of the subject grows. The most valuable items are often things which were widely available, but were thrown away after use, such as Coca-Cola bottles or toy cars. An interesting collection can be started very cheaply.

6. To encourage collecting, manufacturers often create an entire series of a given item and each item is differentiated in some fashion. Enthusiasts will often try to assemble a complete set of the available variations. The Internet offers many resources to any collector: personal sites, online collectible catalogs, Internet trading platforms, collector clubs, forums and mailing lists.

Вариант 2

 

I. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.

1. Unfortunately the work (not / do) tomorrow.

2. This text (not / translate) by all the students at the last lesson.

3. According to the new law smoking (forbid) in most public places.

4. (these trees / plant) last summer?

5. (the roads / keep) in good condition in Russia?

6. Your luggage (bring) up into your room in a few minutes.

 

II. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в действительном или страдательном залоге. Переведите предложения.

1. This book (not / publish) next year.

2. This castle (built) a few centuries ago.

3. They don’t know that she (not / meet) them at the airport.

4. The teacher (explain) new grammar rules at the last lesson.

5. (the children / take) to school on a school bus?

6. (the train / leave) at 5 p.m. daily?

 

III. Преобразуйте следующие предложения из действительного залога в страдательный.

1. We make butter from milk.

2. They invited her to their housewarming party.

3. They will open a new restaurant in High Street next week.

 

IV. Составьте и запишите предложения в страдательном залоге. Переведите предложения.

1. the office / every day / not / cleaned / is.

2. in this restaurant / served / vegetarian dishes / are?

3. was / set up / the company / when?

4. a charity fair / held / tomorrow / will / in our town / be.

5. were / three people / injured / in the accident.

6. not / tomorrow / delivered / will / be / the parcel.

 

V. Выберите нужную степень сравнения. Переведите предложения.

1. Henry was the (tall/taller/tallest) of them.

2. You look much (well/better/best) today.

3. I am getting too old. This is a job for a (young/younger/youngest) man.

4. They are the (beautiful/more beautiful/most beautiful) gardens in the world.

 

VI. Раскройте скобки, употребив нужную степень сравнения.

1. This house isn’t very (modern). I prefer (modern) houses.

2. These tomatoes don’t taste very (good). The other ones taste (good).

3. It’s years since I saw such a (bad) game. That’s the (bad) game I’ve seen for years!

4. You don’t have enough sleep, you should sleep (much).

VII. Прочитайте текст. Определите, верны (True) или не верны (False) следующие утверждения.

 

1. The Republic of Ireland is not in the Commonwealth.

2. The Republic of Ireland can't enter the Man Booker Prize.

3. The Man group decided to use only the name 'Booker'.

4. Books can be submitted by writers.

5. The judging panel doesn't include women.

6. Someone from outside the industry can also be member of the panel.

7. The prize is worth fifteen thousand pounds.

8. The consistent quality of the prize is guaranteed by the increase in sales of the winner.

VIII. Выполните письменный перевод абзацев 2, 4.

The Man Booker Prize

1. The Man Booker Prize for Fiction is one of the most prestigious prizes an author can get. It is awarded every year for a novel written by a writer from the Commonwealth or the Republic of Ireland and it aims to represent the very best in contemporary fiction. The prize was originally called the Booker-McConnell Prize, which was the name of the company that sponsored it, though it was better-known as simply the ‘Booker Prize’. In 2002, the Man Group became the sponsor and they chose the new name, keeping "Booker".

2. Publishers can submit books for consideration for the prize, but the judges can also ask for books to be submitted. The selection process for the winner of the prize begins with the formation of an advisory committee which includes a writer, two publishers, a literary agent, a bookseller, a librarian, and a chairperson appointed by the Booker Prize Foundation. The advisory committee then selects the judging panel, the membership of which changes each year, although on rare occasions a judge may be selected a second time. Great efforts are made to ensure that the judging panel is balanced in terms of gender and professions within the industry, so that a writer, a critic, an editor and an academic are chosen along with a well-known person from wider society. However, when the panel of judges has been finalized, they make their own decisions without any further involvement or interference from the prize sponsor.

3. The Man Booker judges are selected from leading literary critics, writers, academics and leading public figures to maintain the consistent quality of the prize and its influence is such that the winner will almost certainly see the sales increase considerably, in addition to the £50,000 that comes with the prize.

4. The year 2014 marks the first time the judges of the literary prize were able to consider works from writers across the globe, as long as they’re written in English and published in the UK.

 

· judging panel – жюри

· as long as – при условии, что; если только

Вариант 3

I. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.

1. Hockey (normally / play) in winter.

2. Unfortunately we (not / invite) to the party last Saturday.

3. Mushrooms (gather) in summer and autumn.

4. (the problem / discuss) at the conference yesterday?

5. He says his experiments (not / complete) very soon.

6. (a new underground station / open) in our city next month?

 

II. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в действительном или страдательном залоге. Переведите предложения.

1. They (not / finish) the construction of the new road next year.

2. (America / discover) by Columbus?

3. In spite of all the efforts the work (not / do) in time yesterday.

4. The Olympic Games (hold) every 4 years.

5. (the police / arrest) the robbers last night?

6. I am sure our team (win) the first prize at the next competition.

 

III. Преобразуйте следующие предложения из действительного залога в страдательный.

1. We make furniture from wood.

2. Karl Marx wrote Das Kapital.

3. They will find cure for most diseases in future.

 

IV. Составьте и запишите предложения в страдательном залоге. Переведите предложения.

1. not / he / allowed / to do sports / was / for a few months.

2. football / played / in most countries of the world / is?

3. next year / will / be / a new theatre / in our city / built.

4. Renault cars / where /made / are?

5. by a dog / last week / was / our neighbour / bitten.

6. refurbished / in the near future / not / the hotel / will / be.

 

V. Выберите нужную cтепень сравнения. Переведите предложения.

1. I am sure it won’t work. Can’t you come with a (sensible/more sensible/most sensible) idea?

2. Don’t send me a letter. It is (easy/easier/easiest) to phone me.

3. I had never had such a (tiring/less tiring/least tiring) journey before.

4. Excuse me, where is the (near/nearer/nearest) bank?

 

VI. Раскройте скобки, употребив нужную степень сравнения.

1. You are not very (tall). Your brother is (tall).

2. Most homeowners spend (much) than usual to stay warm.

3. It was a very (bad) mistake. It was the (bad) mistakes I had ever made.

4. She had (little) time to study than Paul but had (good) results.

VII. Прочитайте текст. Определите, верны (True) или не верны (False) следующие утверждения.

 

1. All the honours and awards people receive are equally important.

2. Outstanding achievements are recognized and awarded at special ceremonies.

3. In the UK the names of the recipients of the government awards appear on the Queen Honours List.

4. In the past only rich noblemen could get honourary awards from the Royal family.

5. Nowadays any person worthy of recognition can be given honours.

6. In the UK the awards are presented at a special ceremony in Parliament.

7. Each award winner can bring to the ceremony as many friends or relatives as they like.

8. Each ceremony is attended by more than four hundred and fifty recipients.

 

VIII. Выполните письменный перевод абзаца 1.

 

Giving Awards in Britain

 

1. All of us at some time take part in ceremonies where achievements are recognized and rewarded. At school, the best pupils are given certificates and prizes at prize-givings. In many countries, successful high-school students are given their leaving certificates at graduation ceremonies, and universities often have elaborate procedures when they confer degrees. In working life, prizes and awards are often given to outstanding performers in their field. Film awards, literary competitions, and the Swedish Nobel prizes are just examples of these. But often the most prestigious honour a citizen can receive is recognition from the government of his or her own country. In the United Kingdom, this means appearing on the Queen Honours List, either on the Queen's official birthday or at New Year.

2. In the past, these awards were given for killing one of the king's or queen's enemies, for lending the royal family some money when they needed it, or for winning great battles. The recipients of these honours were rich noblemen. But in modern times ordinary people are given honours for what they achieved in science, education, medicine, social services, music, films, and politics: success in almost any field can be rewarded. The Queen usually presents these awards in Buckingham Palace at a special ceremony called "investiture". For many of the award winners it is their first time in the place, and the first time they meet the Queen.

3. Up to 150 recipients attend each ceremony, and each recipient can bring three friends or relatives. Each investiture takes about an hour. While music is played, the Queen enters the room. After the national anthem is played, the official in charge announces the name of each recipient and the achievement for which he or she is honoured. The Queen then places the decoration on the person, and offers her congratulations.

 

Вариант 4

I. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.

1. Saint Petersburg (found) in 1703 by Peter the Great.

2. (the letter and the parcel / post) tomorrow?

3. They are upset. The construction of their new house (not / finish) on time.

4. Computer games (sell) all over the world.

5. (he / promote) to a higher position soon?

6. This topic (not / discuss) during the previous negotiations.

 

II. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в действительном или страдательном залоге. Переведите предложения.

1. These cars (not / make) in Japan.

2. English (speak) of in many countries of the world.

3. My sister (spend) all her money yesterday.

4. When (you / get) your driving license?

5. (Hamlet / write) by Shakespeare?

6. They (not / celebrate) their next wedding anniversary.

 

III. Преобразуйте следующие предложения из действительного залога в страдательный.

1. We make glass from sand.

2. Somebody stole my bag while I was on the bus.

3. They will stage this play at the beginning of the next season.

 

IV. Составьте и запишите предложения в страдательном залоге. Переведите предложения.

1. booked / the tickets for the concert / in advance/ not / were.

2. not / the computer / in time / repaired / was.

3. is / in Brazil / grown / coffee.

4. these houses / knocked down / will / be / soon?

5. be / tomorrow morning / will / the emails / sent.

6. cleaned / the streets / in our city / every day / are?

 

V. Выберите нужную cтепень сравнения. Переведите предложения.

1. She was a (talented/more talented/most talented) writer than he was.

2. That was the (tasty/tastier/tastiest) meal I had ever eaten.

3. We have never stayed in such an (big/bigger/biggest) hotel.

4. Shopping at a supermarket is (cheap/cheaper/cheapest) than going to the local shops.

 

VI. Раскройте скобки, употребив нужную степень сравнения.

1. My chair isn’t very (comfortable). Yours is (comfortable).

2. My English isn’t very (good). I wish it were (good).

3. Our sales were really (bad). They were the (bad) in the last ten years.

4. It is worth (much) effort than you spend.

VII. Прочитайте текст. Определите, верны (True) или не верны (False) следующие утверждения.

 

1. The EU has as many official languages as it has members.

2. The EU was established more than sixty years ago.

3. Putting an end to nationalism was one of the EU’s objectives.

4. In official meetings the participants can’t use their own languages.

5. Translation services are time consuming and expensive.

6. Most EU officials can speak English to some extent.

7. The multiplicity of languages causes a lot of criticism nowadays.

8. There is no unanimous opinion as to the use of English as a single language.

 

VIII. Выполните письменный перевод абзацeв 2, 3.           

THE EUROPEAN UNION

1. The Treaty of Rome in 1957 founded what is now the European Union, and was supposed to be the beginning of the end of nationalism in Europe.

2. But over a half-century later, walking through any of the EU buildings in Brussels, it feels like nationalism never went away.

3. Officially, deputies and delegates will only speak in their national languages, as a matter of principle. There is an army of translators and interpreters whose task is to translate the message into the languages of the rest of the union. Translation in the EU's headquarters is a complicated – and often costly – business. Because the union is constantly expanding the number of translators has increased greatly. It is estimated that the European Union produces 1.76 million pages of translation work a year at a current cost of $1.4 billion per year.

4. As more countries have become part of the EU, the number of official and working languages has increased. However, there are fewer official languages than member states, as some share common languages.   

5. The big irony, though, is that once the deputies and delegates are away from the podium or the microphone they comfortably switch into English.

6. And here the question arises. When most, if not all, EU bureaucrats master English, what’s the point in maintaining 28 official languages, especially at such expense? Why not just use a single language and, what’s more, why not use the language all EU bureaucrats master — English?

7. As the EU gets larger, critics of the multilingual system are becoming more vocal. National governments are also eager to trim the EU budget. Some organizations are calling for establishing English as the language of the EU. However, the idea doesn’t seem politically correct. English is the language of the most eurosceptic country — the United Kingdom. What’s more, France and Germany are very touchy when it comes to replacing their languages by English. EU officials argue using any single language wouldn’t be democratic, or in the shared spirit of the union.

 

· to trim — урезать, сокращать

Вариант 5

 

I. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.

1. The grass in the park (not / cut) every week.

2. (these songs / record) last year?

3. A new cinema (open) in our town next week.

4. My bicycle (steal) a week ago.

5. (many trees / plant) in your town every year?

6. The unsuccessful candidates (not / invite) for a personal interview.

 

II. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в действительном или страдательном залоге. Переведите предложения.

1. He (have) many people at his birthday party last year?

2. They (not / inform) about the change of plans last time.

3. A new exhibition (open) at the art gallery tomorrow.

4. Unfortunately they (not / go) to an international conference next month.

5. Tea (produce) in China?

6. Our students always (take) part in all the sport events in our city.

 

III. Преобразуйте следующие предложения из действительн