Components of the Automobile

The automobile is made up of three basic parts: the power plant, or the engine, the chassis and the body.

The engine is the source of power that makes the wheels rotate and the car move. It includes fuel, cooling, lubricating and electric systems. Most automobile engines have six or eight cylinders

The chassis includes a power train (power transmission), a run­ning gear, steering and braking systems as well.

The power train carries the power from the engine to the car wheels.

The power transmission, in turn, contains the clutch, gearbox, propeller or cardan shaft, final drive, differential, rear axle and axle shafts. The running gear consists of a frame with axles, wheels and springs.

The body has a hood, fenders and accessories: the heater, stereo tape recorder, windshield wipers, conditioner, speedometer and so on.

Найдите в тексте ответы на вопросы:

1.What main parts is the automobile made up of?

2.What is the function of the engine?

3.What systems does the engine include?

4.What does the chassis consist of?

5.What units does the power transmission comprise?

6.What assemblies does the running gear consist of?

7.What has the body?

 

II Вместо пропусков поставьте необходимую форму глагола to be (am, is, are, was,were, will be)

1. Yesterday Jack... at the cinema.

2. I... fond of reading.

3. It…Sunday tomorrow.

4. What...you?

5. Today it... 5 degrees below zero.

6. Where ….Ann yesterday?

7. I …cold. Can you close the window?

8. I …in Great Britain last week.

III Вместо пропусков поставьте необходимую форму глагола to have (have, has, had, will have)

1. Ann and Pete... a birthday party tonight.

2. Their mother... many grandchildren.

3. I... no time after lessons.

4. Last Tuesday Jack... a meeting.

5. She... many relatives in different towns.

6. He …a good job in a bank.

7. My sister … three children.

IV Поставьте выделенное существительное в форму множественного числа и произведите необходимые изменения в предложениях:

Образец: This is a dog. These are dogs.

1. I have a match.

2. This man is a doctor.

3. My box is heavy.

4. A little mouse lives under the floor.

5. The red tomato is in the fridge.

V Поставьте прилагательные в скобках в нужную форму: (степени сравнения)

1. Who is the (good) student of your group?

2. Helen is my (old) sister.

3. This dress is (beautiful) than that one.

4. The film is not so (interesting) as the book.

5. Alex has (much) money today than he had yesterday.

VI. Раскройте скобки, используя настоящее, прошедшее или будущее простое время.

1. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock every day.

2. I (not to go) to bed at ten o'clock.

3. My brother (to wash) his face every morning.

 

4. He (not to wash) his face with cold water.

 

5. You (to have) history lessons every day?

 

6. Mary (to rest) after long day?

 

7. My mother (to take) a bus to get to work yesterday.

 

8. My brother (not to drink) coffee yesterday.

 

9. You (to talk) to the members of your family two days ago?

 

10. Your brother (to go) to the country with us next Sunday?

11. I (to send) a letter to my friend tomorrow.

12. You (not to go) to the south next summer.

VII Закончите предложения, используя необходимые слова или словосочетания, данные ниже.

A:What parts does the automobile...?

B:It is made up of...

A: What is...?

В: The source of power is the...

A:What systems does the engine...?

В.:It includes...

A: What does the chassis...?

В.:The chassis....

A: What does the power train include?

B:The power train includes...

A:What units does the body comprise?

B:It comprises... and accessories such as...

A.:Thank you for your....

 

Engine, chassis, body, power train, running gear, steering system, brakes, clutch, gearbox, propeller shaft, final drive, differential, rear axle, axle shafts, hood and fenders, heater, windshield wipers, information, conditioner, consist(s) of, the source of power, include, fuel, cooling, lubricating, electric systems.

 

VIII Подберите из правой колонки соответствующее описание узла или механизма автомобиля, названия, которых представлены в левой колонке

 

1.differential 2.steering wheel 3.clutch 4.rear axle 5.steering system 6.speedometer 7.brakes 8.gearbox 9.cardan shaft

a).mechanism used to increase b).wheel used to turn the direction of the car c).mechanism used to transmit power to the back axle d).instrument used to measure the speed of the car e).mechanism that slows or stops the car f).mechanism used to guide the car g).mechanism used to engage or disen­gage the engine with gearbox h).mechanism used to carry the greater portion of the car weight i).mechanism used to turn the wheels at different speeds