For-phrase with the Infinitive.

For + Noun (Common Case)/ Pronoun (Objective Case) + Infinitive

 

Functions	Examples	Translation
adverbial modifier of purpose	For this method to be valuable it must be improved.	Чтобы этот метод был полезным, его надо усовершенствовать.
adverbial modifier of result	The temperature was too low for the reaction to continue.	Температура была слишком низкой, чтобы реакция продолжалась.
predicative	It was for us to complete the experiment and report the results. The tendency was for the reaction to proceed rapidly.	Нам надлежало (мы должны были) завершить опыт и доложить о результатах. Тенденция заключалась в том, чтобы реакция протекала быстро. (Наблюдалась тенденция реакции к быстрому протеканию).
attribute	The only conclusion for him to make was the following.     This is the most complicated problem for them to solve. There are other sources of information for us to use.   There is a possibility for him to attend the conference.	Единственный вывод, к которому он мог прийти, (который он мог сделать) заключался в следующем. Это самая сложная проблема, которую они должны решить. Есть другие источники информации, которыми мы можем воспользоваться. У него есть возможность присутствовать на конференции.
subject	For the reaction to occur at very low temperature is quite possible.   It seemed impossible for this reaction to take place at low temperatures.   For you to repair this device is impossible.	То, что эта реакция происходит при очень низкой температуре, вполне возможно. Казалось невозможным, чтобы эта реакция происходила при низких температурах. Вы не можете отремонтировать этот прибор.
object	They asked for the data to be published. We waited for the discussion to begin.	Они просили, чтобы эти данные были опубликованы. Мы ожидали начала дискуссии.

 

I. Translate into Russian.

1. For this method to become applicable to our experiment the following alterations should be made.

2. For such data to find application in further work their validity must be left in no doubt.

3. For such suggestions to be of practical use they must be based on observation and experience.

4. For this effect to manifest itself the following conditions should be created.

5. For such an approach to be justified the final result must have a much higher degree of accuracy.

6. The conditions are favourable enough for the process to occur.

7. The controversy of opinions is too great for the question to be settled now.

8. The problem is too complicated for me to describe it in a few words.

9. The explanation is satisfactory for us to accept it.

10. They waited for the preliminary conclusions to be made.

11. We asked for an expert analysis of the work to be given.

12. It is necessary for you to keep to the point.

13. It seems unreasonable for you to put off this work.

14. It is quite sufficient for them only to outline the technique.

15. For us to go into great detail is unnecessary at the moment.

16. For you to become acquainted with the fundamentals of science is extremely important.

17. For you to attach so much importance to this fact seems unnecessary.

18. It was vital for us to solve that problem as quickly as possible.

19. It was for you to solve the task ahead of schedule.

20. It was for them to provide good conditions for the participants of the conference.

21. There are many practical problems for us to solve in this field.

22. This is the most intricate question for them to discuss at the next seminar.

23. The most serious controversy for him to resolve was the following.

24. It is for you to decide how to handle this problem.

 

II. Change the following sentences into for -phrases.

Example: It was difficult to work there at first.

It was difficult for me to work there at first.

1. It was interesting to talk to him.

2. It was interesting to take up the problem.

3. It is common practice to hold weekly seminars.

4. It will be necessary to get in touch with him.

5. It is important to know current literature.

6. It is vital to know at least one foreign language.

7. It is necessary to know whether they share our opinion.

 

III. Combine the two sentences by changing the second one into the for –phrase.

Example: The holes are too small: the particles cannot get through.

The holes are too small for the particles to get through.

1. The temperature is too low: the reaction cannot continue.

2. The forces are great enough: the nucleus can split up.

3. The energies are sufficiently high: the particles may collide.

4. The paper is too long: I cannot remember the details.

5. The temperature is high enough: the substances may react.

 

IV. Substitute the following infinitive expressions by for -phrases.

Example: to make this method applicable

for this method to become applicable.

1. to make the method suitable

2. to make the research effective

3. to make the experiment feasible

4. to make the difference noticeable

5. to make the criterion satisfactory

6. to make the technique reliable

7. to make the error negligible

8. to make the effect reveal itself

 

V. Answer the questions.

Example: What conditions must be satisfied for a positive ion to be formed?

For a positive ion to be formed one or several electrons must become excited and leave the atom.

1. What condition must be satisfied for a molecule to become decomposed?

2. … for two particles to be attracted to each other?

3. … for atoms to form a molecule?

4. … for a thermonuclear reaction to occur?

5. … for atoms to become excited?

6. … for a compound to be a good semiconductor?

7. … for a material to be an insulator?

8. … for a chemical reaction to go faster?

9. … for a reaction to slow down?

10. … for a substance to become chemically pure?

 

VI. Translate into English using for -phrases.

1. Вам надлежит проверить результаты эксперимента.

2. Недостаточно, чтобы они сняли показания прибора.

3. Для того чтобы наблюдение могло быть полезным, надо знать некоторые факты.

4. Температура была слишком высокой, чтобы реакция прошла удачно.

5. Единственный вывод, к которому мы можем прийти, заключается в следующем.

6. Для того чтобы эффект проявил себя, нужно создать соответствующие условия.