Split the words below into notional, functional and substitutional. Name the parts of speech they belong to.

abroad, nowadays, oh, hush, then, in, perhaps, hurrah, behind, or, just, alone, during, foot, worry, every, myself, regular, and, yet

 

9. The opening stanza of Lewis Carroll’s poem Jabberwocky (from Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There, 1872) contains words which do not exist in the English language. Read it and its French, German and Russian translations. Can you identify the parts of speech to which these words are supposed to belong? Which grammatical markers allow you to do it?

JABBERWOCKY `Twas brillig, and the slithy toves Did gyre and gimble in the wabe: All mimsy were the borogoves, And the mome raths outgrabe.	Le Jaserroc Il brilgue. Les toves lubricieux Se gyrent en vrilliant dans le gabe; Enmimes sont les gougebosqueux Et les mome rathes horsgrabe.
Der Jammerwoch Es brillig war. Die schlichte Toven Wirrten und wimmelten in Waben; Und aller-mümsige Burggoven Die mohmen Räth' ausgraben.	Пендрагон Варкалось. Хливкие шорьки Пырялись по наве И хрюкатали зелюки, Как мюмзики в мове

Say to what parts of speech the words in bold may be assigned. Give arguments.

1. Tom's army won a great victory, after a long and hard-fought battle. (Twain) 2. Ten years after is famous experiment was performed. (Wilson) 3. They came back to camp wonderfully refreshed, glad-hearted, and ravenous… (Twain) 4. But there was no whispering in the house… (Twain) 5. It's just too good to believe, but we have got it, sure! (Twain) 6. This was simply astounding. (Twain) 7. " Well, you said you'd do it—why don't you do it?" (Twain) 8. She turned another page over. 9. Harold jumped out of the car just before it went over the cliff. 10. So Tom pried his mouth open and poured down the Pain-killer. (Twain) 11. Now you've asked for it, and I'll give it to you, because there ain't anything mean about me; but if you find you don't like it, you mustn't blame anybody but your own self. (Twain) 12. Why, I never see anything like it. (Twain) 13. Do we still think like we used to? 14. We’re down in London next weekend. 15. She walked down the street without looking back. 16.. Over these past couple of weeks we’ve been looking at some of the questions… 17. When we arrived at my friend’s house, a young man hurried past us… 18. You take the blue case and I’ll take the black one. 19. One day you’ll see I was right.

 

 

Study the sentences below and translate them into Russian. Name the parts of speech each word in the sentences belong to. Give arguments.

1. If police police police police, who police police police? Police police police police police. 2. Will Will will Will Will’s will?

3. James, while John had had “had,” had had “had had”; “had had” had had a better effect on the teacher.

 

Seminar 3

NOUN: GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS. THE CATEGORY OF GENDER

Sources:

1. Блох, М.Я. Теоретическая грамматика английского языка / М.Я. Блох. - М.: Высшая школа, 2003. – С. 55-58.

2. Блох, М.Я. Практикум по теоретической грамматике английского языка / М.Я. Блох, Т.Н. Семенова, С.В. Тимофеева. – М.: Высшая школа, 2004. – С. 109-110.

Additional:

3. Иванова, И.П. Теоретическая грам­матика современного английского языка / И.П. Иванова, В.В. Бурлакова, Г.Г. Почепцов. - М.: Высшая школа, 1981. – С. 21-22, 28-29.

4. Кобрина, Н.А. Теоретическая грамматика современного английского языка: учебное пособие / Н.А. Кобрина, Н.Н. Болдырев, А.А. Худяков. – М.: Высшая школа, 2007. – С. 10-14.

 

TASKS

Get ready to answer the questions below.

1. What are semantic features of a noun?

2. What are formal features of a noun?

3. What are functional features of a noun?

4. Explain why the 1^st word in word combinations like cannon ball is considered to be a noun and why the whole is considered to be a contact group of 2 separate words?

5. What is the difference between proper and common nouns / animate and inanimate nouns / human and non-human nouns / countable and uncountable nouns?

6. Why is the category of gender formal/meaningful in Russian and meaningful in English?

7. Is the category of gender a constant feature or variable feature category? Why?

8. How is the category of gender organized hierarchically?

9. Why are neuter and masculine genders the weak members of opposition (on their levels)?

10. How can the category of gender be reduced?

Find Russian equivalents for the following terms; give definitions.

common noun, proper noun, animate noun, inanimate noun, human noun, non-human noun,

formal category, meaningful category, person nouns, non-person nouns, neuter gender nouns, feminine nouns, masculine nouns, common gender nouns