Complete the description of the process using the words in the box.

 

at first then was which [x2]

The diagram provides a schematic view of the rapid expansion of supercritical solutions (RESS) process. (1)________, the supercritical fluid (SF) (2) _______ pumped into the vessel (3)_______ contained the solid solute. The SF dissolved
and became saturated with the solute. The resultant solution was (4)_____ introduced into a precipitation chamber by
expansion through a laser-drilled nozzle. The precipitation unit was maintained (5) ______conditions where the solute had low solubility in the SF. As the SF expanded, its solubility decreased, (6) _______ resulted in a high degree of solute supersaturation and subsequent
precipitation.

 

Complete the paragraphs from the results section of a paper using the words and phrases in the box.

as can be seen in considerably contrast to noticeably thicker resulted in a longer while

 

During the rapid heating, the Ni near the Ni/SiC interface reacted with the SiC, which resulted in carbon atoms moving into the Ni. The carbon atoms then separated onto the surface of the Ni during the cooling procedure, forming graphene layers (1)_______Fig. lb. In (2) _______the graphene generated using single-crystalline SiC, the graphene synthesised by this process is (3)_____easier to remove from the SiC surface.

A slower heating rate (4) _______ process. As shown in Fig. 4, more carbon atoms were released into the Ni in a long process. Higher carbon concentration in the Ni produced a (5)______carbon nanofilm on the Ni surface, (6)______a lower carbon concentration reduced the thickness of the carbon nanofilm and formed graphene.

2DGiving a Presentation at a Research Conference

Read the text and then do Exercise 2.

THE PRESENTATION JOURNEY

 

Giving a presentation is like taking your audience from start to finish on a journey. At the start, your audience require some basic information before they can accompany you on this journey. Once they have the information, they're on your side, attentive and ready to listen to every step of the journey along to your final message.

Who. Introduce yourself. Clearly, the amount of information you give about yourself and your work and the level of formality you use, depends on the presentation you’re giving. For example, for a presentation to a group of your colleagues, you probably don’t need to give your name and background and you can use informal language.

Why. Tell your audience your destination - the reason they're there to listen to you and the purpose of your presentation. If the audience don’t know why they should listen, they won’t have any reason to accompany you along your journey. The 'why' is linked to the conclusion, your final message - probably, the most important part of your presentation.

What. Outline the roadmap - the main points that you’re going to develop and the order in which you would like to develop these. When your audience have a clear view of the roadmap you want to navigate, they can follow you more easily and can also see you’re planned, prepared and effectively managing the presentation. There are good reasons for giving the roadmaps, as research shows your audience listen better and remember better and more when they know the structure and shape of your presentation. The technique we use to give the roadmap is called 'sequencing'. This is a very simple technique as it just involves using language such as one, two, three or firstly, secondly, thirdly.

How. Put yourself into your audience’s shoes: address your audience’s needs. Your audience won’t listen to you as you go into the main part of your presentation if they have other concerns.

Your ‘start’ should include these points but at the same time not be too long. Ninety seconds is a good guideline as there’s evidence that you begin to lose listeners after this amount of time. Your audience tend to listen to your every word and form an impression of you in these ninety seconds. An accurate ‘start’ helps to create a good impression and you should aim to be grammatically accurate at this stage

2. Write ‘who’, ‘why’, ‘what’ or ‘how’ next to each phrase. Check any vocabulary you don’t know.

 

1. On behalf of Mr Keane, may I welcome you to Jackson Inc. My name’s Jo Black and I’m responsible for...

2. My purpose today is to...

3. I’m going to develop three main points. First,... Second,... Third,...

4. Let me introduce myself. I am... I am a...

5. I’ll pass round copies of my slides so you can make notes as I go through the presentation.

6. Before I continue, let me tell you something about myself.

7. Today 1 would like to give you a general overview of...

8. I’ve divided my presentation into three main points. I would like to begin with...

9. So, I’ll be addressing three main points and the first one is going to be... The second point will be... And finally the last point is...

10. I’m going to outline three proposals. Firstly, I’ll... Then, I’d like to... and finally...

11. We can take two or three questions at the end of each point.

12. You don’t need to take notes as we’ll be handing out presentation booklets.