Текст : Construction Technologies

In the fields of architecture and civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure. Far from being a single activity, large scale construction is a feat of multitasking. Normally the job is managed by the project manager and supervised by the construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or project architect.

For the successful execution of a project, effective planning is essential. Those involved with the design and execution of the infrastructure in question must consider the environmental impact of the job, the successful scheduling, budgeting, site safety, availability of materials, logistics, inconvenience to the public caused by construction delays, preparing tender documents, etc. In general, there are two types of construction: building construction and industrial construction. Each type of construction project requires a unique team to plan, design, construct, and maintain the project.

Building construction is the process of adding structure to real property. The vast majority of building construction projects are small renovations, such as addition of a room, or renovation of a bathroom. The owner of the property often acts as labourer, paymaster, and design team for the entire project. However, all building construction projects include some elements in common – design, financial, and legal considerations.

Many projects of varying sizes reach undesirable end results, such as structural collapse, cost overruns, and/or litigation reason. Those with ex-perience in the field make detailed plans and maintain careful oversight during the project to ensure a positive outcome. 

Residential construction technologies and resources must conform to local building authority regulations and codes of practice. Materials readily available in the area generally dictate the construction materials used (e.g. brick versus stone or timber).

 

 

Задание 2. Прочитать без словаря текст по направлению подготовки и пересказать его содержание на русском языке.

Текст: Building.

In architecture, construction, engineering and real estate development the word building may refer to one of the following: any man-made structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering any use or continuous occupancy, or an act of construction. Buildings come in a wide amount of shapes and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for a wide number of factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, to land prices, ground conditions, specific uses and aesthetic reasons. Buildings serve several needs of society – primarily as shelter from weather and as general living space, to provide privacy, to store belongings and to live and work. Residential buildings are called houses/homes, though buildings containing large numbers of separate dwelling units are often called apartment buildings/blocks to differentiate them from the more “individual” house. Building types may range from one-room wood-framed, masonry, or adobe dwellings to multi-million dollar high-rise buildings able to house thousands of people.

 

Задание 3. Рассказать о своем обучении в университете. Объем сообщения не менее 10 предложений.

 

 

5.2.2. Перечень контрольных материалов
для защиты курсового проекта/ курсовой работы

 

Не предусмотрено планом.

5.3. Типовые контрольные задания (материалы)
для текущего контроля в семестре

 

Контрольная работа 1. To be, to have, there+to be, степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий, числительные. Местоимения. Модальные глаголы.

Тест 1. Группа времен Indefinite. Группа времен Continuous. Группа времен Perfect Active.

Контрольная работа 2.Страдательный залог. Условные придаточные предложения.

Тест 2. Причастия 1 и 2. Герундий. Инфинитив.

Контрольная работа 3. Причастия 1 и 2. Причастные обороты. Герундий. Инфинитив.

Тест 3.Условные придаточные предложения.

 

Типовая контрольная работа.

Задание 1: Раскройте скобки, выбрав правильный вариант)

Joy is very bad-tempered today. Usually she (works/is working) in a small office. The decorators (redecorate/are redecorating) room 102. Joy does not like anything in the small office. She (writes/is writing) with a pen but usually she (types/is typing) on the computer, so she (goes/is going) through to the big office every hour to do the filing. The decorators are not very happy either. Usually they only (paint /are painting) the walls and ceilings, but here they (paint/are painting) all the doors and window frames too. Luckily the room is nearly finished.

 

Задание 2: Напишите сравнительную и превосходную степень прилагательных. Например: small-smaller-the smallest; expensive-more expensive-the most expensive.

1. cheap 2. efficient 3 heavy 4. wide 5. easy 6. quiet 7. dirty 8. thin 9. big 10. dark 11. tall 12. clean 13. intelligent 14. attractive 15. long 16. Noisy

 

Задание 3: Назовите время, используя 24-часовой циферблат.

1. Quarter to five in the morning - 0445

2. Seventeen minutes past nine at night

3. Ten a.m.

4. Six thirty p.m.

5. Eleven o‟clock at night.

6. Twenty to seven in the morning.

7. Five past four in the afternoon.

 

Типовое тестовое задание:

1. Nick … a new guitar in March.

a) bought b) has bought       c) had bought      d) buys

 

2. What … in the kitchen, Chris?

a) do you do                    b) you do c) you are doing d) are you doing

 

3. The car … when I looked into the street.

a) has gone b) had gone c) have gone d) went

 

4. My brother … football every Wednesday.

a) is playing b) has played c) play                  d) plays

 

5. I … the fence when I heard the crash.

a) painted b) paint                c) was painting    d) have painted

6. I … good money for this work very soon.

a) got       b) will get            c) get                  d) have got

 

7. I … since lunchtime.

a) haven’t eaten   b) didn’t eat         c) don’t eat           d) am not eating

 

 8. How long … your present job?

 a) did you do        b) you are doing  c) have you been doing d) you have been doing

 

 9. When I got to the shop, it ….

a) has closed        b) had closed       c) closed d) is closing

 

 10. We hope that they … happily for many years.

a) had lived b) will have lived c) shall live      d) will live

 

 11. Look! He ….

a) is swimming    b) swims c) swim    d) will swim

 

 12. He often … flowers to his girl-friend.

a) is buying b) has bought c) buys                 d) buy

 

13. It often … in the autumn of 1991.

a) rains     b) is raining            c) has rained d) rained

 

 14. He … the interview and he’s happy.

a) passed b) has passed       c) have passed     d) had passed