IV. В следующих предложениях подчеркните модальный глагол или

Его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1. Delays in construction could increase costs significantly.

2. The carrier may exercise a lien on the cargo for the unpaid freight.

3. Managers have to measure the performance of their staff.

 

V. В следующих предложениях подчеркните Рarticiple I и Рarticiple II.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1. Workers have to be closely supervised and controlled, and told what to do.

2. The electricity bill may be paid in cash or by cheque.

3. The price of shares has risen heavily today.

 

VI. Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык весь текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите абзацы 2, 3.

 

Advertising

1.Advertising informs consumers about the existence and benefits of products and services, and persuades to buy them. Most companies use advertising agencies to produce their advertising. They give the agency a statement of the objectives of the advertising campaign and a budget. The agency creates advertisements (or ads), and develops a media plan specifying which media – newspapers, magazines, the Internet, radio, television, cinema, posters, mail, etc. – will be used and in which proportions.

2. It is always difficult to know how much to spend on advertising. Increased ad spending can increase sales, but many companies just spend a fixed percentage of current sales revenue, or simply spend as much as their competitors. On the other hand, lots of creative and expensive advertising campaigns, including television commercials that lots of people see and remember, and which win prizes awarded by the advertising industry for the best ads, don’t lead to increased sales.

3. Advertising is considered to be important for launching new consumer products. Combined with sales promotions such as free samples, price reductions and competitions, advertising may generate the initial trial of a new product. But traditional advertising is expensive, it doesn’t always reach the target customers. This is why the best form of advertising has always been word-of-mouth advertising: people telling their friends about good products and services.

 

 

VII. Определите, является ли утверждение:

a) истинным (true)

b) ложным (false)

c) в тексте нет информации (no information)

 

 

1. Advertising always reaches the target customers.

2. Lots of creative and expensive advertising campaigns don’t lead to

increased sales.

3. Companies won’t use advertising in a few centuries.

 

 

Занесите свои ответы в таблицу:

 

 

VIII. Прочитайте абзац 1 и ответьте на следующий вопрос:

 

What do most companies give to advertising agencies?

 

 

Вариант 4

 

I. Переведите письменно существительные (1 - 10). Выберите определения (a – j), соответствующие существительным.

 

1. rise	a) to increase in amount or number
2. target	b) a return to a normal state of strength or economic activity
3. transaction	1. c) a result that a business or an organization tries to achieve
4. withdraw	d) the profit that a company makes
5. job application	e) a piece of business that is done between two people, especially an act of buying or selling
6. purchase	2. f) the activity of keeping an accurate record of the accounts of a business
7. recovery	g) to take money out of a bank account
8. earnings	3. h) the total value of all goods and services produced by a country in one year
9. bookkeeping	i) formal request, usually in writing, for a job
10.gross domestic product (GDP)	4. j) to buy something

 

Занесите свои ответы в таблицу:

 

II. В следующих предложениях подчеркните определения, выраженные именем существительным, и переведите эти предложения на русский язык.

 

1. The exchange rate is the amount of one currency needed to buy another currency.

2. A business plan should prove that your business will generate enough revenue to cover your expenses and make a satisfactory return for bankers and investors.

3. Sales promotion can be directed at the consumer, the trade purchaser or the company's sales force.

 

III. a) Выполните КОПР № 2, 4.

b) В следующих предложениях подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

 

1. The IMF is based in Washington, DC, USA and is governed by the 185 countries that are members.

2. The market is rising at the moment.

3. These basic principles have been incorporated into national accounting standards in different ways in different countries.