IV . Методические указания по выполнению теста

    Для того чтобы выполнить тест, студентам необходимо повторить следующие разделы грамматики:

1. Глагол “ to be ”

2. Модальные глаголы

3. Употребление глагольных времен (Simple, Continuous, Perfect) активного и пассивного залогов

4. Present Participle и Past Participle

5. Степени сравнения прилагательных

6. Порядок слов в английском предложении.

Студент должен выполнить один из пяти вариантов в соответствии с последней цифрой студенческого шифра. Студент, шифр которого оканчивается на 1 или 2, выполняет №1, на 3 или 4 - №2, на 5 или 6 - №3, на 7 или 8 - №4, на 9 или 0 - №5

Тест

Английский язык

для студентов факультета Механизации сельского хозяйства

Вариант 3

Прочитайте текст

WORKING PRINCIPLES OF MOTORS

1. Farm motors are mechanical devices which can transform certain fuels such as gas and oil into useful work. The fuel, which is in gaseous form when it enters the cy­linders of an engine, is changed into an explosive mixture by uniting it with the proper proportion of air. This explosive mixture is compressed and ignited in a cylinder, and the explosion forces the piston downward.

A four-stroke cycle engine has a series of four events or strokes which must be completed within the cycle, namely: 1.Intake stroke. 2.Compression stroke. 3.Power stroke. 4.Exhaust stroke.

2. At the beginning of the intake stroke the piston is at the top of the cylinder, the connecting rod and the crank arm are almost in a straight line. As the piston moves downward the intake valve opens, the exhaust valve remains closed, and a charge of fuel and air is delivered into the cylinder. When the crank has made about five-ninths of a revolution, the stroke is completed.

3. Diesel engines operate without electro-spark ignition. The fuel is compressed to the ignition point in the combustion chamber. The engine does not have a carburetor or magneto. Instead, it has a fuel pump that meters out fuel for each cylinder, for each power stroke.

This fuel is delivered to the combustion chamber under pressure through an in­jection nozzle to expand, heat, and ignite for the power stroke. The engine-valve me­chanism is the same as in the spark-ignition engine. The fuel is injected into the com­pressed air near the end of the compression stroke. The speed of the engine is con­trolled by a governor connected with the injection pump. It controls the quality of fuel delivered to the injection nozzle, one for each cylinder. Diesel has an advantage over spark-ignition engines for heavy loads. Under such conditions, the spark-ignition engine may reduce speed.

4. The construction and principal parts of a diesel engine are similar to the spark- ignition engines. They differ only in the method they deliver fuel to the cylinders and in the method the fuel is ignited. Most of the diesel tractor engines are four-stroke cycle engines. In a four- stroke-cycle, air only is drawn into the cylinder in the intake stroke of the piston. On the compression stroke this air is compressed so greatly that it reaches a temperature of 1000° F or more. The fuel is ignited when it meets the heated air. So in diesel engines ignition is caused by the heat of high compression, a spark-ignition system is not necessary.

Задание 1

Определите, является ли утверждение:

Gasoline and diesel engins differ in the method of fuel ignition.

Варианты ответов:

А ложным

В истинным

С в тексте нет информации

Задание 2

Определите, является ли утверждение:

The power of tractor engine may be transmitted to the driving members and to the power take - off shaft.

Варианты ответов:

А ложным

В истинным

С в тексте нет информации

  Задание 3

Укажите, какой из абзацев текста (1,2,3,4) содержит следующую информацию:

The speed of the engine and the quality of fuel delivered are controlled by a governor.

 1

2

3

4

Задание 4

Ответьте на вопрос:

Under what conditions does diesel have an advantage over gasoline engine?

А If it works at heavy loads.

В If an engine is new.

С If it uses expensive fuel.

D If it has a better balance of moving parts.

Задание 5

Определите основную идею текста

Варианты ответов:

A The explanation of the operation of the four-stroke engine.

B The most important type of prime mover is the internal combustion engine.

C There are several types of engines depending on cycle, location of parts.

 D The diesel engine is not new and it is simpler that the spark engine.

Подберите английский эквивалент слову, данному в скобках: