Passive Voice – страдательный залог ( общие сведения )

Passive Voice – страдательный залог (общие сведения)

Упражнение 5. Вставьте один из следующих глаголов в нужной форме в пропущенные места:

Cause, damage, hold, include, invite, make, overtake, show, translate, write

 

1 Many accidents  are caused by dangerous driving.

2 Cheese _____________________ from milk.

3 The roof of the building ___________________ in a storm a few days ago.

4 There’s no need to leave a tip. Service _________________ in the bill.

5 You _________________ to the wedding. Why didn't you go?

6 A cinema is a place where films _____________________.

7 In the United States, elections for President ___________________ every four years.

8 Originally the book _________________ in Spanish and a few years ago it into English.

9 We were driving along quite fast but we _____________________ by lots of other cars.

 

Упражнение 6. Прочтите текст об изготовлении бокалов. Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в форме Present Simple Passive.

 

Champagne, the king of wines and wine of kings, tastes all the better when it 1. is drunk (drink) from an elegant, fine-quality glass. That, however, is only one of thousands of ways glass 2________________­­__ (use) today. And for all those different uses, many different types of glass 3__________________­­ (produce).

Glass products 4__________________­­ (manufacture) in different ways. Today, glass 5__________________­­ (blow) by hand in the traditional way which the Romans first developed, but now this work 6__________________­­ (do) by robots, too. Generally, in industry, much faster methods of mass production 7_________________­­ (need). Often, for example, glass 8__________________­­ (press) into the necessary shape by machine. Glass 9__________________­­ (shape) in other ways too. For example, it 10_________________­­ (make) into long, very thin fibres. Fibres like these 11__________________­­ (require) to make the fibre-optic cables that help to build the Information Super-Highway round the world.

 

Упражнение 7.. Напишите вопросы в страдательном залоге. Некоторые из них в настоящем времени, некоторые – в прошлом.

1  Ask about the telephone. (when/invent?) When was the telephone invented?

2  Ask about glass. (how/make?) How _____________________?

3  Ask about Australia. (when/discover?) ________________________?

4  Ask about silver. (what/use for?) _________________________?

5  Ask about television. (when/invent?) __________________________?

 

Упражнение 8.. Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в нужном времени (present или past) и залоге.

1 It’s a big factory. Five hundred people are employed (employ) there.

2  Water __________ (cover) most of the Earth’s surface.

3  Most of the Earth’s surface ­____________ (cover) by water.

4  The park gates __________ (lock) at 6.30 p.m. every evening.

5  The letter __________ (post) a week ago and it __________ (arrive) yesterday.

6  The boat __________ (sink) quickly but fortunately everybody __________ (rescue).

7 Ron’s parents __________ (die) when he was very young. He and his sister __________ (bring) up by their grandparents.

8 I was born in London but I __________ (grow) up in the north of England.

9 While I was on holiday, my camera __________ (steal) from my hotel room.

10  While I was on holiday, my camera __________ (disappear) from my hotel room.

11  Why __________ (Sue/resign) from her job? Didn’t she enjoy it?

12  Why __________ (Bill/sack) from his job? What did he do wrong?

13  The company is not independent. It __________ (own) by a much larger company.

14  I saw an accident last night. Somebody __________ (call) an ambulance but nobody __________ (injure) so the ambulance __________ (not/need).

15  Where __________ (these photographs/take)? In London? __________ (you/take) them?

 

 

Mодальные глаголы и их эквиваленты

Упражнение 9. Укажите, какие из приведенных предложений на английском языке соответствуют русскому предложению.

Студенты должны перевести текст за 15 минут.

a) Students can translate the text in 15 minutes.

b) Students may translate the text in 15 minutes.

c) Students have to translate the text in 15 minutes.

d) Students are able to translate the text in 15 minutes.

Массой можно измерить количество вещества.

a) The mass of matter may be measured by its quantity.

b) The quantity of matter may be measured by its mass.

c) The quantity of matter should be measured by its mass.

d) The mass of matter must be measured by its quantity.

Тебе следует вспомнить этот закон.

a) You had to recall this law.

b) You should recall this law.

c) You could recall this law.

d) Maybe you can recall this law.

Многие вещества могут быть наэлектризованы трением.

a) Many substances can be electrified by friction.

b) Many substanses are to be electrifired by friction.

c) One must electrify substances by friction.

d) Many substances should be electrified by friction.

Он должен будет продолжить эксперимент самоcтоятельно.

a) He should continue the experiment by himself.

b) He is to continue the experiment by himself.

c) He will have to continue the experiment by himself.

d) He will be allowed to continue the experiment by himself.

Артикль

Прилагательное

Упражнение 14. Вставьте as... as, so... as или than.

1. Our house is not... big... yours. 2. The new cinema in our district is much bigger... the old one. 3. We are... proud of our district... you are of yours. 4. The house I live in is... old... the one my sister lives in. 5. Exercise No.2 is easier... Exercise No.3. 6. Nevsky Prospect is more beauti­ful... our street. 7. My composition is not... long... yours.

Упражнение 15. Раскройте скобки, употребляя тре ­ бующуюся форму прилагательного.

1. This man is (tall) than that one. 2. Asia is (large) than Australia. 3. The Volga is (short) than the Mississippi. 4. Which building is the (high) in Moscow? 5. Mary is a (good) student than Lucy.

6, The Alps are (high) than the Urals. 7. This gar­den is the (beautiful) in our town. 8. She speaks Italian (good) than English. 9. Is the word "newspa­per" (long) than the word "book"? 10. The Thames is (short) than the Volga. 11. The Arctic Ocean is (cold) than the Indian Ocean. 12. Chinese is (diffi­cult) than English. 13. Spanish is (easy) than Ger­man. 14. She is not so (busy) as I am. 15. It is as (cold) today as it was yesterday. 16. She is not so (fond) of sports as my brother is. 17. Today the weather is (cold) than it was yesterday. 18. This book is (interesting) of all I have read this year. 19. January is the (cold) month of the year. 20. My sister speaks English (bad) than I do. 21. Which is the (hot) month of the year? 22. Which is the (beau­tiful) place in this part of the country? 23. This nice-looking girl is the (good) student in our group.

Упражнение 16. Раскройте скобки, употребляя тре­бующуюся форму прилагательного.

1. Oil is (light) than water. 2. We shall wait for a (dry) day to go on the excursion. 3. A bus is (fast) than a tram. 4. Take some of these sweets: they are very (nice). They are (nice) than the sweets in that box. 5. He clearly did not like the explanation, and as he listened to it, he became (angry) and (angry). 6. He worked (hard) and (hard) as the end of the term came nearer. 7. The (tall) trees in the world grow in California. 8. Please be (careful) next time and don't spill the milk again. 9. Bobby was a (qui­et) child. He was (quiet) than his sister. 10. Her eyes are (grey) than mine. 11. He was the (fat) man in the village. 12. As he went on, the box became (heavy) and (heavy). 13. My sister is the (tall) girl in her class. 14. Who is the (attentive) student in your group? 15. It is autumn. Every day the air becomes (cold), the leaves (yellow). 16. This is the (beautiful) view I have ever seen in my life. 17. Your handwriting is now (good) than it was last year; but still it is not so (good) as Nick's handwrit ing. Nick has a (good) handwriting than you. And of course Nellie has the (good) handwriting of all.

Активный залог. Глаголы.

Упражнение 17. Раскройте скобки, употребляя гла­голы в требующемся времени.

1. When we (to come) to the station, our train already (to leave), and we (to have) to wait for two hours before another one (to come). 2. I was anx­ious to see the place where I (to spend) my child­hood. 3. Victor asked me to explain the new rule to him, as he (to miss) the previous lesson. 4. John Gray (to visit) Russia in 1989 and (not to be) here since that time. 5. When the train (to stop), I (to look) out of the window but (not to see) any of my friends there. I (to send) them a telegram and hoped that they (to meet) me. As I (to discover) later, they (to receive) it ten minutes before the train arrived and could not meet me. 6. We were greatly surprised not to find Ann at home. It turned out that her sister (to forget) to give her our message, and Ann (to leave) the house fifteen minutes be­fore we (to come). 7. I decided not to put on my raincoat as it (to stop) raining already and the sun (to shine) brightly. 8. The young people entered the theatre. The performance already (to begin), and they (to have) to wait till the first act (to be) over. Nina never (to be) here before and she (to like) the theatre very much. 9. I did not recognize Helen as I (not to see) her for a very long time and she greatly (to change). 10. The sight of the school building brought back the old days to us. Here we (to spend) many years together. We (to learn) to read and write; here we (to experience) our first joys and sorrows. We recollected our first day at school, how we (to come) to our first lesson look­ing alarmed and excited. 11. When the teacher told the boy to recite the poem, the boy (to burst) into tears: he (not to remember) anything, though he (to try) to learn his lesson so hard. 12. Jane usually works in the library. She (to work) there now. She already (to gather) the necessary materi­al and now she (to write) her report.

 

Passive Voice – страдательный залог (общие сведения)

Упражнение 5. Вставьте один из следующих глаголов в нужной форме в пропущенные места:

Cause, damage, hold, include, invite, make, overtake, show, translate, write

 

1 Many accidents  are caused by dangerous driving.

2 Cheese _____________________ from milk.

3 The roof of the building ___________________ in a storm a few days ago.

4 There’s no need to leave a tip. Service _________________ in the bill.

5 You _________________ to the wedding. Why didn't you go?

6 A cinema is a place where films _____________________.

7 In the United States, elections for President ___________________ every four years.

8 Originally the book _________________ in Spanish and a few years ago it into English.

9 We were driving along quite fast but we _____________________ by lots of other cars.

 

Упражнение 6. Прочтите текст об изготовлении бокалов. Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в форме Present Simple Passive.

 

Champagne, the king of wines and wine of kings, tastes all the better when it 1. is drunk (drink) from an elegant, fine-quality glass. That, however, is only one of thousands of ways glass 2________________­­__ (use) today. And for all those different uses, many different types of glass 3__________________­­ (produce).

Glass products 4__________________­­ (manufacture) in different ways. Today, glass 5__________________­­ (blow) by hand in the traditional way which the Romans first developed, but now this work 6__________________­­ (do) by robots, too. Generally, in industry, much faster methods of mass production 7_________________­­ (need). Often, for example, glass 8__________________­­ (press) into the necessary shape by machine. Glass 9__________________­­ (shape) in other ways too. For example, it 10_________________­­ (make) into long, very thin fibres. Fibres like these 11__________________­­ (require) to make the fibre-optic cables that help to build the Information Super-Highway round the world.

 

Упражнение 7.. Напишите вопросы в страдательном залоге. Некоторые из них в настоящем времени, некоторые – в прошлом.

1  Ask about the telephone. (when/invent?) When was the telephone invented?

2  Ask about glass. (how/make?) How _____________________?

3  Ask about Australia. (when/discover?) ________________________?

4  Ask about silver. (what/use for?) _________________________?

5  Ask about television. (when/invent?) __________________________?

 

Упражнение 8.. Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в нужном времени (present или past) и залоге.

1 It’s a big factory. Five hundred people are employed (employ) there.

2  Water __________ (cover) most of the Earth’s surface.

3  Most of the Earth’s surface ­____________ (cover) by water.

4  The park gates __________ (lock) at 6.30 p.m. every evening.

5  The letter __________ (post) a week ago and it __________ (arrive) yesterday.

6  The boat __________ (sink) quickly but fortunately everybody __________ (rescue).

7 Ron’s parents __________ (die) when he was very young. He and his sister __________ (bring) up by their grandparents.

8 I was born in London but I __________ (grow) up in the north of England.

9 While I was on holiday, my camera __________ (steal) from my hotel room.

10  While I was on holiday, my camera __________ (disappear) from my hotel room.

11  Why __________ (Sue/resign) from her job? Didn’t she enjoy it?

12  Why __________ (Bill/sack) from his job? What did he do wrong?

13  The company is not independent. It __________ (own) by a much larger company.

14  I saw an accident last night. Somebody __________ (call) an ambulance but nobody __________ (injure) so the ambulance __________ (not/need).

15  Where __________ (these photographs/take)? In London? __________ (you/take) them?

 

 

Mодальные глаголы и их эквиваленты