Complete the text with one of the words bellow. Some words can be used not once.

Body, hips, heart, stretches, thigh, muscles, pumps, blood, knee, length, muscle.

Biggest muscle

       The biggest _________in the human ______ is the gluteus maximus, or the buttock _________, also known as "the glutes." These _________ (there is one on each side) help move the _______ and thighs.

Hardest-working muscle

       While "hardest working" can be defined in various ways, most sources seem to agree that      the _________ is the hardest-working __________. This organ ______ at least 2,500 gallons (9,450 liters) of __________ per day and beats over 3 billion times during the average person's life span.

         Longest muscle

The longest __________ in the body is the sartorius muscle, which runs diagonally down the thigh. It _________ from the outer side of the hip bone down to the inside of the ________ bone. The sartorius can be up to 60 centimeters in _________.

 

27. Copy and complete the information about the human muscles from the text:

Regions of the Human Skeleton	Main Muscles
Muscles of the head and neck
Muscles of the trunk
Muscles of the upper limbs
Muscles of the lower limbs

28. Name the muscle group each muscle in the picture refer to:

 

 

 

29. Work in small groups.

a) Find the information and share it with others:

ü What is the shortest muscle in human body?

ü What is the laziest muscle in human body?

ü What is the smallest muscle in human body?

ü What is the strongest muscle in human body?

 

b) Show the group each muscle refers to, its location, origin (the number of origins) and insertion, shape, size and direction in the picture. Use Anatomy Atlas.

 

c) Tell about the function (functions) of this muscle.

 

Extension (useful additional information)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ra-gxc17Fk (Names of the Muscles)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HXH7tQ2Cq1o (How to learn Muscle Names)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F8wcRMHVFZY (Word building)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sfaopGIGFP0 (Word building, Terminology)

Grammar (revision)

Passive voice

30. Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention the Passive:

1.The term muscle is derived from the Latin musculus meaning "little mouse". 2. Muscle action can be classified as being either voluntary or involuntary. 3. Cardiac and smooth muscles contract without conscious thought and are termed involuntary. 4.Skeletal muscle or "voluntary muscle" is anchored by tendons to bone and is used to effect skeletalmovement. 8. Most skeletal muscles are attached to two bones across a joint. 10. Smooth muscle or "involuntary muscle" is found within the walls of organs and structures. 11. Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart.12. Cardiac muscle tissue cannot be controlled consciously, so it is an involuntary muscle. 13. Chemical reactions are used particularly by fast twitch fibers. 14. Most skeletal muscles are attached to two bones through tendons. 15. The place on the stationary bone that is connected via tendons to the muscle is called the origin. 16. The rectus abdominis and transverse abdominis, for example, are found in the abdominal region. 17. Some muscles are named based upon their connection to a stationary bone (origin) and a moving bone (insertion). 18. This condition is known as muscle fatigue.

Listening

31. You are going to watch the video about Smooth Muscles. Make sure you understand the Key Words below. Use a Medical Dictionary to help you:

Breathing, diaphragm, intercostal muscles, autonomic nervous system, digestive system, respiratory system, width of the passages, blood flow, blood pressure, divert blood, radiate heat, nucleus, intestines, lengthwise, rap around, bladder, sphincter, reproductive system, fallopian tubes, tiny bundles, goose pubs

32. Make a list of words from task 1. referring to each picture below (some words may be extra):

 

 

 

 

 

33. Watch the video ‘Smooth Muscles’and make a list of specific features possessed by Smooth Muscles.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=au1ucKBcjfU

34. Watch the video once more and complete the text with the following words and word combinations (0.26 minute):

digestive system, blood vessels, tissue, blood, internal organs, nervous system, passages, blood, blood pressure, body

Smooth muscle _________is different. It is usually controlled by autonomic _____________, and we are not aware of it. Smooth muscles exist in the walls of our many ___________ including most of the__________, the airways of the respiratory system, and our _______ vessels. It can either contract or relax to control the width of these __________. For example, smooth muscle tissue surrounding your _________can contract to constrict your blood vessels and make it harder for the ________ to flow to certain areas. This can control ______________-and divert blood to where it most needed. Such as sending blood to the surface of the body to to radiate heat outside the ___________.

 

 

Work in pairs. Name all the specific features of Smooth Muscles you know in comparison with skeletal and cardiac muscles. Explain the importance of Smooth Muscles for the human body. Use the Key Words and expressions to help you.

Key Words and Expressions: internal organs, involuntary muscles, autonomic nervous system, are controlled, bundles, muscle cells, unconsciously, contract (v.), relax (v.), I think that…., to my opinion, it is estimated that…..

Summary