Match the phrases with the Russian equivalents

1.supplimentary units a.линейные единицы измерения

2.decimal system b.большинство стран

3.scientific work c.неизменные стандарты

4.unchanging standards d.метрическая система мер

5.solid cylinder e.физическая единица измерения

6.linear measurement f.точный и чёткий

7.until recently g.научная работа

8.physical unit h.дополнительные единицы измерения

9.metric system i.десятичная система

10.majority of countries j.до последнего времени

11.accurate and definite k.цельный цилиндр

12.principle standard l.основной стандарт

 

Read and learn weight measures

 

Weight measure

1 ton(ne) (tn) (gross, long) тонна (большая, длинная) = 1.016 kilogram(me)s

1 ton(ne) (sh.tn) (net, short) тонна (малая, короткая) = 907.18 kilogram(me)s

1 hundredweight (cwt) (gross, long) хандредвейт (большой, длинный) =

= 50.8 kilogram(me)s

1 hundredweight (cwt) (net, short) хандредвейт (малый, короткий) =

= 45.36 kilogram(me)s

1 stone стоун, стон = 6.35 kilogram(me)s

1 pound (1b) фунт = 453.59 gram(me)s

1 ounch (oz) унция = 28.35 gram(me)s

1 grain гран = 64.8 milligram(me)s

 

 

Unit 10

Meters

Vocabulary

to take into consideration – принимать во внимание

permanent – постоянный

deflection – отклонение стрелки (приборов)

angle – угол

rotation – вращение, периодическое повторение

coil – катушка

detect – выявлять, находить

resistance – сопротивление

in series – последовательно

 

Read the text and find in it the answers to the questions that follow it

One of the important things that an engineer should take into consideration is “how much?” How much current is this circuit carring? What is the value of voltage in the circuit? What is the value of resistance? In fact, to measure the current and the voltage is not difficult at all. One should connect an ammeter or a voltmeter to the circuit and read off the amperes and the volts.

Common ammeters for d.c. measurments are the ammeters of the magneto-electric system. In an ammeter of this type an armature coil rotates between the poles of a permanent magnet; but the coil turns only through a small angle. The greater the current in the coil, the greater the force, and, therefore, the greater the angle of rotation of the armature. The deflection is measured by means of a pointer connected to the armature and the scale of the meter reads directly in amperes.

When the currents to be measured are very small, one should use a galvanometer. Some galvanometers detect measure currents as small as 10 ^-11 of an ampere per 1 mm of the scale.

A voltmeter is a device to be used for measuring the potential difference between any two points in a circuit. A voltmeter has armatures that move when an electric current is sent through their coils. The deflection, like that of ammeter, is proportional to the current flowing through the armature coil.

A voltmeter must have a very high resistance since it passes only very small current which will not disturb the rest of the circuit. An ammeter, on the other hand, must have a low resistance, since all the current must pass through it. In actual use the ammeter is placed in series with the circuit, while the voltmeter is to be measured.

In addition to instruments for measuring current and voltage, ther are also devices for measuring electric power and energy.

 

Answer the questions

1.What is the above article about?

2.What are common ammeters?

3.What is a voltmeter used for?

4.What meter can be used when the currents to be measured are very small?

 

Choose the right answer

1.The meter which is used to measure the value of the resistance is....

a) ohmmeter

b) ammeter

c) voltmeter

d) bulb

2.The ohmmeter serves to measure...

power

resistance

voltage

current

3. Any instrument which measures electrical values... a meter.

a) is called

b) was called

c) had been called

d) is

 

Unit 11

The Future of the Engineering Profession

 

Answer the question using the phrases below.

A. What kind of work are you interested in?

a) well paid

b) interesting

c) in a large and famous company

d) quiet

e) in an industry which has a future

f) prestigious

g) not to sit the whole day in the office

h) to travel a lot

 

 

B. What position would you like to have?

a) to manage people — manager

b) to work for someone else — an employee

c) to be your own boss — self-employed, businessman

d) to be responsible for everything — top manager, director

e) to work for the state — state employee