Лексико-семантические трансформации

Лексико-семантические трансформации

КОНКРЕТИЗАЦИЯ

УПРАЖНЕНЕ 1

Facility

1. The college has excellent research facility.

2. The hotel has its own pool and leisure facilities.

Challenge

1. In grade school, Clint was a real challenge to all of his teachers.

2. The president faces a strong challenge from nationalists.

Performance

1. Targets may be set for any parameter that can be measured as the projects proceeds, such as cost, time and performance.

2. These criteria have been chosen, attempting to measure the most important attributes of the company performance over the year.

 

Record

1. It (HMA) has a great track record of managing hospitals.

2. The department has a long record of high achievement.

Commitment

1. Lawrence promised full commitment in his drive to make Santa Barbara College the most successful school in the region.

2. The US President expressed America’s commitment to Africa’s economic development.

 

To fail

1. Across the state, corn crops failed due to the drought.

2. If they were trying to put us out of business, they have failed completely.

To challenge

1. Billboard companies say they will challenge the new law in court.

2. He’s a good choir director – he really challenges us.

 

To commit

1. But she is not committed to this place anymore.

2. The judge committed him to prison for six months.

Упражнение 2

1. Fred never really embraced the platform of the Democratic Party – his ideas are just too conservative.

2. Tell your friends that you’ll grab a taxi and then have lunch at that hot new bistro, where you can grab some appetizers.

3. Her lecture celebrated the genius of the artist.

4. At the dance, she mixed a vintage Galanos dress with edgy Christian Laboutin heels.

5. Working all day with such snarky jerks is exhausting.

6. He was showing some attitude during practice today, so the coach benched him.

7. Don’s very sweet – but he’s nerdy, he’s a real bore. Just look at gym – he is fabulous at computers, a real geek, but he’s got such a fabulous sense of humor you can spend hours having a good time with him.

8. The book celebrates the movies of the past.

9. Alexandra showed off all her new bling at the party, including the diamond ring her boyfriend gave her for Christmas.

10. “I love my job,” said Susan, “but working on Sundays is pushing the envelope”.

11. His new girlfriend turned out to be not as high maintenance as he had expected.

ГЕНЕРАЛИЗАЦИЯ

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ

1. We have the highest authority for believing that the meek shall inherit the earth; though I have never found any particular corroboration of this aphorism in the records of Somerset House.

2. Taylor was made chief executive in 1993. At 41 he was the youngest head of a UK clearing bank and an outsider in the pinstriped world of the Square Mile.

3. Kabul's Grand Bazar was always a paradox, even in the dark days of Taliban rule, always with goods and money amid the ruins and the wreckage. But last week it was like Oxford Street with five shopping days to Christmas. The goods may be cheap and tawdry, many of them bargain-basement Chinese imports, but they are piled high and money is changing hands fast

ПРИЕМ МОДУЛЯЦИИ ИЛИ СМЫСЛОВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 1. TRANSLATE METAPHORS.

1. In 2001 Britain was the strongest economy in G7 and this year things look even better. In the high streets business is blooming, the housing market is heading for the stratosphere and unemployment in many parts of the country has almost disappeared.

2. It would be churlish to suggest that [British press tycoon] Conrad Black's proprietorship of the Telegraph [Group] has been all bad. He breathed life into a dying monster when he bought it in 1985, playing the role of the white knight to its owner, Lord Hartwell, when acting as a cuckoo to evict the Hartwell family from their Fleet Street nest.

3. To the delight of Wall Street, an unexpected windstorm lifted the prices of stocks, bonds and dollar last Friday. But the leading analysts failed to join the celebration, warning that a hurricane is about to hit the market.

4. I could see myself now, a small pale shrimp of a boy standing just inside the door of this huge room in my pyjamas and bedroom slippers and brown camel-hair gown. (R. Dahl)

АНТОНИМИЧЕСКИЙ ПЕРЕВОД

ЦЕЛОСТНОЕ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИЕ

КОМПЕНСАЦИЯ

TRANSLATE INTO RUSSIAN.

1. Boyette had grown weary of the constant small talk and incessant ass kissing of aides, and he preferred to drive by himself whenever possible. (J. Grisham, The Client)

3. Corporations have also lost the stomach for hard-hitting reports.

Лексико-семантические трансформации

КОНКРЕТИЗАЦИЯ

УПРАЖНЕНЕ 1

Facility

1. The college has excellent research facility.

2. The hotel has its own pool and leisure facilities.

Challenge

1. In grade school, Clint was a real challenge to all of his teachers.

2. The president faces a strong challenge from nationalists.

Performance

1. Targets may be set for any parameter that can be measured as the projects proceeds, such as cost, time and performance.

2. These criteria have been chosen, attempting to measure the most important attributes of the company performance over the year.

 

Record

1. It (HMA) has a great track record of managing hospitals.

2. The department has a long record of high achievement.

Commitment

1. Lawrence promised full commitment in his drive to make Santa Barbara College the most successful school in the region.

2. The US President expressed America’s commitment to Africa’s economic development.

 

To fail

1. Across the state, corn crops failed due to the drought.

2. If they were trying to put us out of business, they have failed completely.

To challenge

1. Billboard companies say they will challenge the new law in court.

2. He’s a good choir director – he really challenges us.

 

To commit

1. But she is not committed to this place anymore.

2. The judge committed him to prison for six months.

Упражнение 2

1. Fred never really embraced the platform of the Democratic Party – his ideas are just too conservative.

2. Tell your friends that you’ll grab a taxi and then have lunch at that hot new bistro, where you can grab some appetizers.

3. Her lecture celebrated the genius of the artist.

4. At the dance, she mixed a vintage Galanos dress with edgy Christian Laboutin heels.

5. Working all day with such snarky jerks is exhausting.

6. He was showing some attitude during practice today, so the coach benched him.

7. Don’s very sweet – but he’s nerdy, he’s a real bore. Just look at gym – he is fabulous at computers, a real geek, but he’s got such a fabulous sense of humor you can spend hours having a good time with him.

8. The book celebrates the movies of the past.

9. Alexandra showed off all her new bling at the party, including the diamond ring her boyfriend gave her for Christmas.

10. “I love my job,” said Susan, “but working on Sundays is pushing the envelope”.

11. His new girlfriend turned out to be not as high maintenance as he had expected.

ГЕНЕРАЛИЗАЦИЯ

УПРАЖНЕНИЕ

1. We have the highest authority for believing that the meek shall inherit the earth; though I have never found any particular corroboration of this aphorism in the records of Somerset House.

2. Taylor was made chief executive in 1993. At 41 he was the youngest head of a UK clearing bank and an outsider in the pinstriped world of the Square Mile.

3. Kabul's Grand Bazar was always a paradox, even in the dark days of Taliban rule, always with goods and money amid the ruins and the wreckage. But last week it was like Oxford Street with five shopping days to Christmas. The goods may be cheap and tawdry, many of them bargain-basement Chinese imports, but they are piled high and money is changing hands fast