Из данных слов постройте предложения. Глаголы в скобках поставьте в нужную форму страдательного залога.

1. was (to blow off) – my hat – the wind. My hat was blown off by the wind.

2. her birthday – any of her friends – wasn’t (to forget). Her birthday wasn’t forgotten by any of her friends.

 

3. children – their grandparents – are often (to spoil). Children are often spoiled by their grandparents.

 

4. she – in the library – every day – can be (to see). She can be seen in the library every day.

 

5. next year – is (to invite) – to England – she – to come. Next year she is invited to come to England.

 

4. Трансформируйте предложения в активный залог, используя слова they, we, somebody в качестве подлежащего, где это необходимо.

1. It is known that he can show us how to calculate using the computer. They know that he can show us how to calculate using the computer.

2. The experiments on the new microcomputer must be finished in a month. We will finish the experiments on the new microcomputer in a month. 3. The last word will be said by the judge. The judge will say the last word. 4. Today plastics are being applied for car bodies (корпуса автомобилей). Today we apply plastics for car bodies. 5. The construction of the dam has been completed this month. He has completed the construction of the dam this month.

 

5. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на различные значения глаголов to do, to be, to have.

 

1. Men had to learn to obtain electric power directly from the Sun. Людям пришлось научиться получать энергию от солнца. 2. The engineers are to study the problem of using cosmic rays. Инженеры должны изучить проблему использования космических лучей. 3. Soon our industry will have new and cheap sources of energy. Вскоре на нашем производстве будут новые и дешевые ресурсы энергии. 4. The term Integrated Circuit is used to describe a group of electronic elements connectedtogether. Термин «интегральная схема» используется для того, чтобы описать группу электронных элементов, связанных вместе. 5.It is necessary to use film circuits where the ratio of passive to active devices is high. Необходимо использовать тонкий слой участка, где высоко отношение пассивных и активных устройств. 6. Some of the properties, which we now associate with semiconductors, have been known for a century or more. Некоторые из свойств, которые мы теперь связываем с полупроводниками, были известны в течение века или более. 7. Tubes have to be replaced by transistors in amplifiers. Трубки должны быть заменены транзисторами усилителей. 8. They will do their work in time. Они выполнят работу вовремя. 9. Don't allow the children to play in the street. Не разрешайте детям играть на улице. 10. Did you buy flowers? Ты купил цветы?

 

6. Трансформируйте следующие предложения в придаточные дополнительные, начав с фраз I knew, I thought, He said. Измените время глаголов-сказуемых в придаточных дополнительных в соответствии с правилами согласования времен. Произведите другие необходимые преобразования.

 

1. If the weather is fine on Sunday, we shall go to the country. He said that if the weather was fine, they should go to the country. 2. His knowledge in English is quite satisfactory though he makes some grammar mistakes. I knew that his knowledge in English was quite satisfactory though he made some grammar mistakes. 3. Faraday produced electricity through magnetism, which had never been done before. I knew that Faraday had produced electricity through magnetism, which had never been done before. 4. Last month my colleague went abroad where he intended to stay for two weeks. I thought the previous month my colleague had gone abroad where he had intended to stay for two weeks. 5. We must speed up the work. I understand the necessity of this. I knew that we had to speed up the work. I understood the necessity of that. 6. Each line can be programmed for input or output. He said that each line could be programmed for input or output. 7. Some substances are alike in their properties but differ in their mass. I knew that some substances were alike in their properties but differed in their mass. 8. I have to do a lot of work about the house: washing up, doing the flat, cooking are my duties.. I thought I had to do a lot of work about the house: washing up, doing the flat, cooking are my duties. 9. The first international chess match was played over 100 years ago. He said that the first international chess match had been played over 100 years before. 10. Much attention will be given to artificial intelligence techniques applicable to problem solving and to man-machine interface. I knew that much attention would be given to artificial intelligence techniques applicable to problem solving and to man-machine interface.

 

7. Перепишите следующий диалог с целью передачи чужих высказываний в косвенной речи сначала в настоящем времени

 

(Например, Professor says that Alec’s answer was rather good and……),а затем в прошедшем (Например, Professor said that Alec’s answer had been rather good and……). Помните,что при передаче чужоговысказывания в косвенной речи действует правило согласования времен, если косвенная речь вводится глаголом в прошедшем времени!

 

Professor: Your answer was rather good. Would you answer a few extraquestions?

 

Alec: I'll try.

 

Professor: You know, a chip is a miniaturized electronic circuit. Whatelements does it contain?

Alec: A chip contains several hundred thousand electronic components –transistors, resistors and others.

Professor: Are there any other terms, which are synonymous to chip?

Alec: Yes, there are. They are integrated circuits and microelectronics.

Professor: What types of chips can you describe?

 

Alec: Logic chips and Memory chips. Logic chips perform some or all thefunctions of a processor. Memory chips are storage cells.

Professor: May larger computers use several types of microprocessors?

Alec: Yes, of course. Even desk computers use one or moremicroprocessors.

 

Professor: Your answer is good so you get a five.

Alec: Thank you, Professor, good-bye.

В настоящем времени.

Professor says that Alec’s answer was rather good and if he would answer a few extra questions.

Alec says that he will try.

Professor says that Alec knows that a chip is a miniaturized electronic circuit and what elements it contains.

Alec answers that a chip contains several hundred thousand electronic components – transistors, resistors and others.

Professor asks if there are any other terms and which synonymous are to chip.

Alec answers that there are some other terms. They are integrated circuits and microelectronics.

Professor asks what types of chips Alec can describe.

Alec answers that he can describe Logic chips and Memory chips. Logic chips perform some or all the functions of a processor. Memory chips are storage cells.

Professor asks if larger computers may use several types of microprocessors.

Alec says that larger computers may use several types of microprocessors and even desk computers use one or more microprocessors.

Professor says that Alec’s answer is good so he gets a five.

Alec thanks professor and says him good-bye.

В прошедшем времени.

Professor said that Alec’s answer had been rather good and if he would answer a few extra questions.

Alec said that he would try.

Professor said that Alec knew that a chip was a miniaturized electronic circuit and what elements it contained.

Alec answered that a chip contained several hundred thousand electronic components – transistors, resistors and others.

Professor asked if there were any other terms and which synonymous were to chip.

Alec answered that there were some other terms. They were integrated circuits and microelectronics.

Professor asked what types of chips Alec could describe.

Alec answered that he could describe Logic chips and Memory chips. Logic chips performed some or all the functions of a processor. Memory chips were storage cells.

Professor asked if larger computers might use several types of microprocessors.

Alec said that larger computers might use several types of microprocessors and even desk computers used one or more microprocessors.

Professor said that Alec’s answer was good so he got a five.

Alec thanked professor and said him good-bye.