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Паспорт контрольно-оценочных средств
Область применения оценочных средств
Контрольно-оценочные средства (далее - КОС) предназначены для контроля и оценки образовательных достижений обучающихсяспециальности 43.02.11 «Гостиничный сервис», освоивших программу учебной дисциплины ОГСЭ.03«Иностранный язык».
Результаты обучения: умения, знания и общие компетенции
Уметь:
Основные показатели оценки результата:Умеет вести диалог на заданную тему, используя изученный лексический материал.
Использует утвердительные, отрицательные и вопросительные конструкции при построении предложений.
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Критерии для проверки: оценка построения диалоговых конструкций и монологов на заданную тему
Основные показатели оценки результата:Высказывается логично и последовательно в рамках предложенной ситуации общения.
Понимает текст полностью.
Выделяет необходимые факты.
Критерии для проверки: оценка тематических сообщений студентов;устный опрос;оценка монологических высказываний; оценка выполнения аудирования
Основные показатели оценки результата:Владеет культурной, исторической, страноведческой информацией о своей стране и странах изучаемого языка.
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Анализирует, сравнивает и сопоставляет фактический материал.
Критерии для проверки: оценка защиты творческого проекта, реферата студента;тестирование;проверка домашнего задания проблемного характера
Основные показатели оценки результата:Переводит (со словарём) тексты на иностранном языке познавательной и профессиональной направленности.
Критерии для проверки: устный опрос;фронтальный опрос; оценка выполнения аудирования
Основные показатели оценки результата:Воспринимает на слух аутентичные тексты в рамках изучаемой темы.
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Выделяет славную мысль текста.
Высказывает собственное мнение.
Критерии для проверки: оценка выполнения аудирования;тестирование на основе содержания просмотренного обучающего фильма
Основные показатели оценки результата:Понимает общее содержание текста или высказывания.
Отделяет главную информацию от второстепенной.
Критерии для проверки: оценка монологических и диалогических высказываний студентов;проверка домашнего задания проблемного характера
Основные показатели оценки результата:Читает, понимает и анализирует аутентичные тексты.
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Критерии для проверки: индивидуальный опрос;фронтальный опрос
Основные показатели оценки результата:Оформлять личную и деловую переписку.
Критерии для проверки: оценка оформления делового письма
Основные показатели оценки результата:Составлять собственное резюме, заполнять анкету при трудоустройстве.
Вести диалог с предполагаемым работодателем.
Критерии для проверки:
оценка составления резюме;
оценка заполнения анкеты
Основные показатели оценки результата:Знает и использует лексический (1200-1400 слов) и грамматический минимум для чтения и перевода (со словарём) текстов познавательной и профессиональной направленности.
Критерии для проверки:
лексический диктант;
устный опрос
Основные показатели оценки результата:Определяет и использует в диалогической и монологической речи идиоматические выражения, оценочную лексику, единицы речевого этикета по изученной теме.
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Критерии для проверки:
фронтальный опрос;
лексико-грамматическое тестирование
Знает видовременные и неличные формы английского глагола.
Находит, определяет и правильно переводит их в тексте.
Использует изученные средства и способы выражения модальности.
Определяет структуру сложноподчинённых предложений различных видов.
Критерии для проверки:
тестирование;
оценка выполнения контрольно-тренировочных упражнений;
самостоятельная работа
Основные показатели оценки результата:Знает, сопоставляет и сравнивает особенности собственной страны и стран изучаемого языка.
Критерии для проверки:
оценка выполнения творческого проекта, реферата
Основные показатели оценки результата:Читает, переводит (со словарём) познавательные и профессиональные тексты.
Выполняет задания по тексту.
Рассуждает и выражает собственное мнение о прочитанном.
Критерии для проверки:
тестовые задания по чтению;
оценка выполнения аудирования;оценка работы с текстом
ЗАДАНИЯ ДЛЯ ТЕКУЩЕГО КОНТРОЛЯ
Задание. Вставьтеглагол to be в Present Simple, Past Simple, Futures Simple.
1. The students … in the Russian Museum.
2. Last month they … in the Hermitage. There … an interesting exhibition there.
3. In two weeks they … in the Tretyakov Gallery. They … lucky.
4. My father … a professor.
5. He … a student 30 years ago.
6. I … a fireman.
7. My sister … not … at home tomorrow.
8. She … at school tomorrow?
9. … you … at home tomorrow?
10. … your father at work yesterday?
11. My sister … ill last week.
12. She … not ill now.
13.Yesterday we … at the theatre.
14. Where … your mother now? - She … in the kitchen.
15. Where … you yesterday?- I … at the cinema.
16. When I come home tomorrow, all my family … at home.
17. … your little sister in bed now?- Yes, she ….
18. … you … at the institute tomorrow?- Yes, I ….
19. When my granny … young, she …an actress.
20. Where … your books now?- They … in my pocket.
Задание. Вставьте подходящие по смыслу слова.
Задание. Сопоставьте словосочетания:
1) a shuttle 2) a flesh drive 3)a weightless environment 4) CPU 5) an interplanetary flight 6) a surge protector 7) zero gravity 8) a plug 9) an access 10) a device 11) an external speaker 12) a probe 13) essential problems 14) to save and delete information 15) research 16) the mankind 17) cancer 18) a spacesuit 19) to launch 20) a power switch
а) выключатель b) доступ c) звуковая колонка d) зонд e) межпланетный полет f) рак g) насущные проблемы h) отсутствие гравитации i) исследование j) запускать k) процессор l) скафандр m) сохранять и удалять информацию n) корабль многоразового использования o) устройство p) условия невесомости q)устройство защиты от перепадов напряжения r) флешка s) человечество t)штепсель, вилка
Задание. Прочтите и переведите текст.
Science and Technology
In recent years life on our planet has been drastically changed due to scientific and technological developments. Our views both of ourselves as individuals in society and of the Universe as a whole have changed as well.
Today, science and technology are closely related. Many modern technologies such as nuclear power and space flights depend on science and the application of scientific knowledge and principles. Each advance in pure science creates new opportunities for the development of new ways of making things to be used in daily life. In turn, technology provides science with new and more accurate instruments for its investigation and research.
Technology refers to the ways in which people use discoveries to satisfy needs and desires, to alter the environment, to improve their lives. Throughout human history, men and women have invented tools, machines, materials and techniques to make their lives easier.
Of course, when we speak of technology today, we are looking at it in a much narrower sense. Generally, we mean industrial technology, or the technology that began about 200 years ago with the development of power-driven machines, growth of the factory system, and mass production of goods that has created the basis for our modern society. Today we often say that we live in an age of science and technology. According to one estimate, 90 % of all the scientists who ever lived, were alive and active in the 1970-s. This increased scientific activity has brought new ideas, processes, and inventions in ever-growing amount.
The scientific revolution that began in the 16th century was the first time that science and technology began to work together. Thus, Galileo, who made revolutionary discoveries in astronomy and physics, also built an improved telescope and patented a system of lifting water. However, it was not until the 19th century that technology truly was based on science and inventors began to build on the work of scientists.
In a sense, the history of science and technology is the history of all humankind.
Задание. Найдите эквиваленты в тексте к следующим словосочетаниям:
наука и техника; достижения науки и техники; резко изменить жизнь; быть тесно связанным; атомная энергия; космический полет; применение научных знаний и принципов; прогресс в чистой науке; создать новые возможности; удовлетворять нужды и потребности; изменить окружающую среду; массовое производство товаров; создать основу; век науки и техники.
Задание. Прочитайте и переведите текст письменно.
The original notion contained in the word craft is that of ‘strength’ (that is the meaning of its relatives in other Germanic languages, such as German and Swedish kraft). Old English croeft had that sense too (it had largely died out by the 16th century), but it had also developed some other meanings, which are not shared by its Germanic cognates: ‘skill’, e.g. (in a bad as well as a good sense, whence crafty) and ‘trade’ or ‘profession’. Much later in origin, however (17th-century in fact), is the sense ‘ship’. It is not clear how this developed, but it may have been a shortening of some such expression as ‘vessel of the sailor’s craft’ (that is, ‘trade’). The word’s Germanic stem was *krab- or *kraf-, which some have seen also as the source of crave (Old English).
strength – сила
notion – понятие
sense – смысл
cognate – родственное слово
whence – откуда
origin – происхождение
8
shortening – сокращение
expression – выражение
vessel – судно
stem – основа слова
sailor – моряк
source – источник
crave – желание
Задание. Раскройте скобки.
1. They (to drink) tea when I (to come) home. 2. He (to walk) along the river when a boat (to pass). 3. The old man (to think) about his plan when he (to fall) asleep. 4. We (to listen) to an interesting lecture yesterday. 5. When I (to enter) the classroom, the teacher (to write) words on the blackboard and the pupils (to copy) them into their exercise-books. 6. They (to get) ready to go out when it (to begin) raining. 7. Yesterday at one o'clock I (to have) lunch at the canteen. 8. When he (to come) in, I (to do) my exercises. 9. What you (to do) at eight o'clock yesterday? 10. At this time yesterday I (to go) home. 11, You (to sleep) when I (to go) out. 12. He (to read) on the sofa when I (to come) in and (to sit) down beside him. 13. I (to walk) along the street with my friend when a tram (to pass). 14. She (to look) out of the window when I (to see) her. 15. We (to answer) the teacher's questions when the headmistress (to enter) the classroom.
Sports in Russia
Millions of people all over the world are fond of sports and games. Sport helps people to stay in good shape, keeps them fit, healthy and makes them more organized and better disciplined in their daily activities.
We have always paid great attention to sport in our schools, colleges and universities. You can hardly find a school without a gym or a sports ground. Every city and town has a few stadiums or swimming pools where local competitions are usually held.
It’s been a tradition in this country to divide sport into professional and amateur. There are different sporting societies and clubs in Russia. Many of them take part in different international tournaments and are known all over the world. A great number of world records have been set by Russian sportsmen: gymnasts, weightlifters, tennis players, swimmers, figure skaters, runners, high jumpers. Our sportsmen also participate in the Olympic Games and always win a lot of gold, silver and bronze medals.
There are also a lot of amateur clubs and keep-fit centers in Russia where people go in for aerobics, yoga, body-building, swimming, skating, jogging. Thousands of people go to the stadiums to support their favourite team and many-many thousands more prefer to watch the games on TV. But watching sports events and going in for sports are two different things.
My favourite kind of sport is tennis. I've been playing it since I was eleven years old, and the more I play it the more I like it. There is a good tennis court not far from my house and whenever I have a chance I go there with a friend of mine.
Вопросы:
1. Why is sport so important in our life? Why do people go in for sports?
2. Was there a gym or a sports ground in your school?
3. What professional sporting societies or clubs do you know?
4. Are there any keep-fit centers in your neighborhood? Do you do there?
5. Do you go in for sports or do you prefect to watch other people playing?
6. What team are you a fan of?
7. What is your favorite kind of sport?
8. How long have you been playing it?
9. Do you take part in competitions?
10. What games are popular in Russia?
Задание. Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений соответствуют содержанию текста, какие не соответствуют
Sports in Great Britain
It is interesting how many of today’s sports games originated in Britain – football, rugby, tennis, boxing, rowing and horse racing among them. Of course, horse racing was popular with the Greeks and Arabs long before the British began to put them into practice; and people had been playing football in one form or another for thousands of years all over the world. But it was the British who created special rules for these sports and sports games.
Football is a good example. In the Middle Ages people in Europe, Japan and Asia all played some forms of the game. A sort of football was also very popular in England, especially as a contest between villages. But at that time there were very few rules. When the students of English schools started to play football, rules then became necessary. They were changed several times and by the middle of the 19th century football had become very much the game that we know and like today. By the way, the first serious football rules were written at Cambridge University.
A similar story can be told about some other sports. Why did this happen in Britain before other countries? There are some possible explanations: after the Norman invasion of 1066, Britain was quite a peaceful country. As a result people had time to develop sports. Later, after Britain’s industrial revolution, English factories were based on highly organized work and strict time keeping. The same discipline was applied to sport. So uniforms, referees and punishments were introduced to football and other games. British authorities thought that team games were good training for future military and industrial careers.
Every country has its own list of favourite sports. What is the British list? There are lots of games apart from football. Schoolgirls, for example, play a game which seems a lot like basketball. It is called netball. Netball is different from basketball in many details: for example, the ball is lighter, the court is bigger and netball has seven players in each team (not five). There is something very strange about netball – it is never played by boys. There is no biological reason for this, it is simply a tradition. It is popular throughout the English-speaking world, and the Australians and New Zealanders usually win the competitions.
But the most famous and popular British sport is cricket. Cricket is an important part of English summer life. You can watch it all day on TV or even listen to it on the radio. News programmes keep you up-to-date with the score. Men, when they meet, always exchange a few words about the state of the game.
One of cricket’s distinguishing features is that the games are very long. In an ordinary game at a boys’ school it takes up to a whole afternoon. But the big international games are up to five days long.
10. Football was the most popular game in the Ancient World.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
11. The rules for modern football were created in Great Britan.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
12. Allthe students had to play football and other team games at British schools.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
13. Basketball and netball are the same game under different names.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
14. Netball was invented in a British boarding school for girls.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
15. Teams from Great Britain always win the international netball competitions.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
16. The British mass media pay lots of attention to cricket.
1) True2) False 3) Not stated
17. According to the rules, a game of cricket lasts no longer than an hour and a half.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
Задание. Установите соответствие между заголовками и частями текста. Один заголовок лишний.
1. Risky food
2. Convenient but unhealthy
3. A dangerous disease
4. The secret of a balanced diet
5. An unhealthy custom
6. A weight-loss camp
7. Weight problems in Britain
8. Unhealthy food
A. Weight problems among children in Britain are increasing. More and more children are over their ideal weight. Obese children are often bullied at school and may have health problems on too much junk food, computer games and TV. So the first Britain’s camp for obese children has been opened. Each morning at the camp, the children do three hours of activities like football, hockey and rugby. After lunch they have lessons on nutrition and cooking. Most kids leave the camp feeling healthier and happier than before.
B. Do you know a person who has never eaten fast food? Many restaurants sell what is called “fast” or “junk” food - hamburgers, chips and so on. This food is tasty and cheap. Such food is very popular, especially with children and teenagers. What is more, fast food saves much time and effort for busy working people. People don’t have to go to a supermarket, prepare meals and wash the dishes when they eat out. However, many experts say that fast food is not healthy.
C. In North America and Europe people think that a slim woman is healthy and careful about what she eats. But in many parts of Africa a fat woman is considered beautiful. In central Africa the girls are sent to fattening rooms where these girls sit, lie and eat. They are given bowels of food that help them get fat. It is boring to stay in these rooms for so long with nothing to do, but the girls do not mind. A future husband wants his wife to be fat so other people will think that the man is rich and he is a responsible man.
D. Experts say that fast food makes people overweight and even obese and elevates the risk of diabetes and cancer. If your food includes hamburgers, chips, hot dogs, pizzas and fizzy drinks like Coke, Pepsi, Sprite and others, you are facing a serious problem threatening your health. Such food is full of chemical additives. For example, a can of Coke contains about eight teaspoons of sugar and artificial sweeteners. More over, there is a risk of food poisoning.
E. Food poisoning is a common, distressing and sometimes life-threatening problem for millions of people throughout the world. Food poisoning is when someone gets sick from eating food or drink that has gone bad or is contaminated by bacteria. Depending on the type of infection, people can even die as a result of food poisoning. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, about 16 million people in Britain become ill from the food they eat, and about 1,000 of them die every year.
F. People today are probably more concerned about food than ever before. We worry about eating foods that contain too much fat and so we cut down on things like meat, bread, potatoes and dairy products. The problem is that we may also be cutting out good sources of iron or other vitamins and minerals. Suddenly we start feeling tired and irritable. Eating well does not mean that you should cut out all your favourite foods; it just means eating sensibly and trying to avoid too much fast food.
G. Genetically modified crops have been developed by changing the plant’s genetic structure in order to help the plant resist against different diseases or produce larger harvest. However, there is no scientific conclusion so far to prove the safety of GM foods for humans. We don’t know what unforeseen consequences there might be. Most people prefer not to risk their health because scientists are not sure if GM food is absolutely harmless or not.
Задание. Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений соответствуют содержанию текста, какие не соответствуют
A World of its Own
Madagascar is an island - the world’s fourth largest, at over 225 000 square miles- but an island nevertheless. Nature has blessed Madagascar with exceptional riches. 90 per cent of its flora and fauna is found nowhere. The spectacle of its carrot-shaped baobab trees and ghostly lemurs make even the most well-travelled visitors wide-eyed with amazement and delight. Its rare beauty hides the desperate situation of its people.
The typical Madagascan lives on about a dollar a day, even though you wouldn’t guess this from the attitude of the Malagasy, the island’s main ethnic group, who are a cheerful and optimistic race. Since the first humans arrived in Madagascar some 2300 years ago, loggers and developers have destroyed nearly 90 per cent of the island’s original forest habitat, harvesting it or burning it down to create room for crops and cattle. Considering that Madagascar’s population is growing by three per cent a year, this tension between rich and poor residents is increasing day by day. Alarmed ecologists have named Madagascar a biodiver-city hot spot, deploring the practice of slash-and-bum agriculture. In 2002 the global environmental community rejoiced when green-friendly Marc Ravalomanana was elected president. Only seven years later, in the spring of 2009, the military replaced Ravalomanana with a former radio disc jockey who seemed to have little interest in protecting the environment. Needing money, the new government reversed a ban on the export of precious hardwoods, making it legal to sell wood from trees which had already been cut down or had fallen during the cyclones that regularly hit the island. Yet in reality they did little to control the loggers who continued to rob the forests of new wood. The main targets of the environmental crime are the rosewood tree and the ebony tree. The wood from these majestic trees is in high demand: in China it is used to make exotic imperial-style furniture foe the new middle class; in Europe and America it is a valued material in the manufacture of expensive musical instruments. The locals are caught in a trap.
Poverty and high value of rosewood - at 3000 dollars per cubic metre it is ten times as valuable as oak - have driven them to cut down trees that are traditionally believed to be sacred. It is dangerous and back-breaking work. Using hand axes, in a few hours they bring down a tree that has stood tall for many centures. Then they cut the trees into two-metre logs and drag these several kilometers to the nearest river. The rare hardwood trees are not the only casualties. In order to transport the heavy rosewood logs downriver, rafts must be built from other wood. For each raft the loggers cut down four or five lighter trees from near the riverside, causing the earth to erode and silt up the rivers. At the same time animals’ natural habitat has been disturbed, putting their survival at risk. In this bleak landscape what can bring hope? One man’s work may offer a possible route out of the darkness. Oliver Behra who first came to Madagascar from France in 1987 believes that the only solution is to give local people economic alternatives. Almost single-handedly, he 72 has stopped deforestation in the Vohimana forest by encouraging the locals instead to collect medicinal plants, which they never imagined had any monetary value, and sell them overseas to companies like Chanel. The village lemur hunter has been retrained to act as a guide for tourists obsessed with lemurs. The same tourists also pay to visit the wild orchid conservatory that Behra has set up. Can small-scale and sensitive initiatives like this compete with the rosewood mafia of Madagascar? Only time will tell.
1. Madagascar has the most unusual environment in the world
True 2) False 3) Not stated
2. The Madagascan people are very poor. 1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
3. Most forests were destroyed 2300 years ago in the fire brought by first developers.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
4. Former President Marc Ravalomanana was ecologically-minded. 1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
5. The new government passed a law allowing people to sell hardwood from fallen trees.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
6. For most loggers cutting down hardwood trees is against their beliefs.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
7. Other types of tree are cut down to build boats for Madagascans.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
8. The forest offers locals other legal and effective ways to make money.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
Задание. Раскройте скобки употребляя глаголы во Future - in - the - Past.
1. I know we (not to be) late.
2. I knew we (not to be) late.
3. I want to know whether he (to be) at home.
4. I wanted to know whether he (to be) at home.
5. «When you (to be) ready?» he asked.
6. He asked when I (to be) ready.
7. I can’t say whether Bob (to do) the work perfectly, but he (to do) his best.
8. He asked me whether he (to see) Olga there.
9. Are you sure that we (to have) time to do that?
10. I was afraid he (to say), «I don’t think I (to be) able to come.»
11. I did not know what he (to speak) about.
12. I knew your aunt (to bake) special cookies for all her nieces and nephews.
Ecological Problems
Ecology is a science which studies the relationship between all forms of life on our planet and the environment.
Since ancient times Nature has served Man, giving him everything he needs: air to breathe, food to eat, water to drink, wood for building and fuel for heating his home. For thousands of years people lived in harmony with the environment and it seemed to them that the resources of Nature had no end or limit.
With the industrial revolution our negative influence on Nature began to increase. Large cities with thousands of polluting plants and factories can be found nowadays all over the world. They pollute the air we breathe, the water we drink, the fields where our crops are grown. Big cities suffer from smog. Cars with their engines have become the main source of polluting in industrial countries.
Vast forests are cut down everywhere for the needs of industries. As a result many kinds of animals, birds, fish and plants are disappearing nowadays.
The pollution of the air and the world’s oceans and the thinning the ozone layer are the other problems arising from men’s careless attitude to ecology.
Active measures should be taken to save the life on our planet. There is an international organization called Greenpeace which is doing much to preserve the environment.
Questions to the text on ecological problems:
1. Why are the wild animals in danger?
2. What climatic changes are the most threatening?
3. Is there any way to make our air cleaner
4. What is Green Peace?
5. What are the main ecological problems?
Практическая работа № 15 «Окружающая среда и экология, Future - in - the - Past»
Задание. Употребите данные в скобках глаголы в Past Indefinite и в Future in the Past.
1.I (say) I (be) busy. 2. He (say) he (be) happy. 3. She (say) she (be waiting) for her husband. 4.They (say) they (have to do) many things. 5. He (think) he (afford) to go to the seaside. 6. I (suppose) he (come). 7. We (know) she (join) us. 8. I (not think) there (be) so many people in the café. 9. She (promise) she (call up) you. 10. They (say) they (go) to the Health and Fitness Centre. 11. He (bother) there (be) a test. 12.They (say) they (go hunting).
Задание. Прочитайте и переведите текст.
Development of environmental engineering
Ever since people first realized that their health and well-being were related to the quality of their environment, they have applied thoughtful principles to improve the quality of their environment. The ancient Indus civilization utilized early sewers in some cities. The Romans constructed aqueducts to prevent drought and to create a clean, healthful water supply for the metropolis of Rome. In the 15th century, Bavaria created laws restricting the development and degradation of alpine country that constituted the region's water supply. In the mid-19th century in London Joseph Bazalgette designed the first major sewerage system. The introduction of drinking water treatment and sewage treatment in industrialized countries reduced waterborne diseases.
The field emerged as a separate environmental discipline during the middle third of the 20th century in response to widespread public concern about water and pollution and increasingly extensive environmental quality degradation. However, its roots extend back to early efforts in public health engineering.
In many cases, as societies grew, actions that were intended to achieve benefits for those societies had longer-term impacts which reduced other environmental qualities. One example is the widespread application of DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) to control agricultural pests in the years following World War II. While the agricultural benefits were outstanding and crop yields increased dramatically, thus reducing world hunger substantially, and malaria was controlled better than it ever had been, numerous species were brought to the verge of extinction due to the impact of the DD T on their reproductive cycles. The story of DDT as vividly told in Rachel Carson's «Silent Spring» is considered to be the birth of the modern environmental movement and the development of the modern field of environmental engineering.
Задание. Прочитайте текст. Дайте заголовки каждому абзацу.
Let’s look at human values as a scientist looks at the phenomenon he chose for studying. What do we mean by human values? First of all, this is something we appreciate and want to have or some aims we want to achieve.
Second, human values are an individual matter, because each person defines what is good and important and what is not. Though there are certain universal human values such as, for example, honesty, kindness, goodness, high moral principles, freedom, they don’t always mean one and the same thing to us. We often estimate differently the same things and actions.
What is good in one situation could be rather bad in some others. We all agree that people must not lie, lies are an evil thing, but we also know that the truth can sometimes kill a person. Thus, people often have to decide what to do or to say and this choice is not always easy and sometimes goes against their beliefs and principles.
Third, when we speak about human values, we usually do not include into this concept satisfaction of our physical needs. They are also important for us, often simply to be able to survive. But it would be fair to say that the concept of human values describes that part of our aims which are not immediately necessary for survival. We call these aspects of life spiritual, as opposed to the other aspects, which are referred to as physical or biological. Philosophy and religion traditionally work on the spiritual aspects of our life.
Задание. Закончите предложения, используя косвенную речь.
| Sally: | I went to the dry-cleaner’s at lunch time. The man there said myskirt would be ready on Saturday. |
| Mother: | And what about the optician. What did she say? |
| Sally: | Oh, she told me _ ____1 eyes and that I _____2 glasses. |
| Mother: | Oh, that’s good. And what about your driving lesson? How did that go? |
| Sally: | Oh, fine. My instructor told me that I _ ____3 and that I _ ____4 progress. |
| Mother: | That’s very good. And what about Peter? Did you see him today? |
| Sally: | No, but he phoned me at work. He said that he _ ____5 and that he _ ____6 children. |
| Mother: | Five! Well, I hope you can afford them. |
| Sally: | Oh, yes. That reminds me. I was speaking to the manager at work and she said that I _ ____7. |
| Mother: | Oh, that’s good. |
| Sally: | Yes, and before I forget, Dad phoned. He said he _ ____8 and that he _ ____ 9. |
Задание. Переведите текст письменно.
The paradox of our time.
“The paradox of our time in history is that we have taller buildings but shorter tempers, wider Freeways, but narrower viewpoints. We spend more, but have less, we buy more, but enjoy less. We have bigger houses and smaller families, more conveniences, but less time. We have more degrees but less sense, more knowledge, but less judgment, more experts, yet more problems, more medicine, but less wellness.
We drink too much, smoke too much, spend too recklessly, laugh too little, drive too fast, get too angry, stay up too late, get up too tired, read too little, watch TV too much, and pray too seldom. We have multiplied our possessions, but reduced our values. We talk too much, love too seldom, and hate too often.
We've learned how to make a living, but not a life. We've added years to life not life to years. We've been all the way to the moon and back, but have trouble crossing the street to meet a new neighbor. We conquered outer space but not inner space. We've done larger things, but not better things.
We've cleaned up the air, but polluted the soul. We've conquered the atom, but not our prejudice. We write more, but learn less. We plan more, but accomplish less. We've learned to rush, but not to wait. We build more computers to hold more information, to produce more copies than ever, but we communicate less and less.
These are the times of fast foods and slow digestion, big men and small character, steep profits and shallow relationships.
These are the days of two incomes but more divorce, fancier houses, but broken homes. These are days of quick trips, disposable diapers, throwaway morality, one night stands, overweight bodies, and pills that do everything from cheer, to quiet, to kill. It is a time when there is much in the showroom window and nothing in the stockroom. A time when technology can bring this letter to you, and a time when you can choose either to share this insight, or to just hit delete...
Remember, to spend some time with your loved ones, because they are not going to be around forever. Remember, say a kind word to someone who looks up to you in awe, because that little person soon will grow up and leave your side.
Remember, to give a warm hug to the one next to you, because that is the only treasure you can give with your heart and it doesn't cost a cent.
Remember, to say, "I love you" to your partner and your loved ones, but most of all mean it. A kiss and an embrace will mend hurt when it comes from deep inside of you.
Remember to hold hands and cherish the moment for someday that person might not be there again. Give time to love, give time to speak! And give time to share the precious thoughts in your mind.”
Задание. Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А7–А14 соответствуют содержанию текста (1– True), какие не соответствуют (2– False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основания текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3– Not stated).
I have a problem socializing with girls
I try to follow the rule ‘treat others the way you want to be treated’. But the thing I’ve realized is that a lot less seems to bother me than bothers girls. If a girl told me something like ‘I really like you but you’re in a dead end job and I am accustomed to a more expensive lifestyle therefore I wouldn’t compromise.’ I would just say okay.
I don’t know, but the way I am, I prefer if people tell me the truth like that so at least I know what’s wrong and maybe I can do better next time. However with girls I noticed telling the truth gets me hated. Girls call me rude and everything. I started lying to girls in college recently and I managed to get back relations pretty easily so I can imagine why lots of guys do it.
The interesting thing is the girls seem to suspect that I’m lying but they still smile and go along with it anyway. Telling girls what they want to hear gets me much further than I used to get. I always had difficulty lying to people because of my morals but these results are astonishing. Women always shun me for telling the cold hard truth so I didn’t know what to do. So I just started doing what got results.
A 7 The guy tries to follow his own rule.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A 8 Girls don’t worry much about many things as the guy thinks.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A 9 Many girls told him that they prefer a more expensive lifestyle.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A 10 If a girl explains her choice to date or not, the guy just submits.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A 11 The guy likes being told what the real matter is.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A 12 All girls like the truth about them as the guy finds it.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A 13 Girls find the guy rude as he tells openly his opinion.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A 14 Telling lie
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