Combating viruses, worms and Trojan horses

1. Trojans, viruses or worms can make computers or a network unstable and, in many cases, unusable. The first steps to protecting your computer are to ensure your operating system (OS) is up-to-date. This is essential if you are running a Microsoft Window's OS. Secondly, you should have anti-virus software installed on your system and ensure you download updates frequently to ensure your software has the latest fixes for new viruses, worms and Trojan horses. Additionally, you need to make sure your anti-virus program has the capability to scan e-mail and files as they are downloaded from the Internet. This will help prevent malicious programs from even reaching your computer. You should also install a firewall as well.

2. A firewall is a system that prevents unauthorized use and access to your computer. A firewall can be either hardware or software. Hardware firewalls provide a strong degree of protection from most forms of attack coming from the outside world and can be purchased as a stand-alone product or in broadband routers. Unfortunately, when battling viruses, worms and Trojans, a hardware firewall may be less effective than a software firewall, as it could possibly ignore

embedded worms in out going e-mails and see this as regular network traffic.

3. For individual home users, the most popular firewall choice is a software firewall. A good software firewall will protect your computer from outside attempts to control or gain access to your computer, and usually provides additional protection against the most common Trojan programs or e-mail worms. The downside to software firewalls is that they will only protect the computer they are installed on, not a network.

4. It is important to remember that on its own a firewall is not going to lid you of your computer virus problems, but when used in conjunction with regular operating system updates and a good anti­virus scanning software, it will add some extra security and protection for your computer or network.

 

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То protect your computer you should download anti-virus updates

regularly.

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WIRELESS NETWORK

1. A wireless network serves the same purpose as a wired one — to link a group of computers. Because "wireless" doesn't require costly wiling the main benefit is that it's generally cheaper to set up. By comparison, creating a network by pulling wires throughout the walls and ceilings of an office can be labour-intensive and thus expensive. But even when you have a wired network already in place, a wireless network can be a cost-effective way to expand it. In fact, there's really no such tiling as a purely wireless network, because most links back to a wired network at some point.

2. Wireless networks operate using radio frequency (RF) technology, a frequency within the electromagnetic spectrum associated with radio wave propagation. When an RF current is supplied to an antenna, an

electromagnetic field is created that then is able to propagate through space.

3. The cornerstone of a wireless network is a device known as an access point (AP). The primary job of an AP is to broadcast a wireless signal that computers can detect and "tune" into. Since wireless networks are usually connected to wired ones, an AP also often serves as a link to the resources available on die a wired network, such as an Internet connection, hi order to connect to an access point and join a wireless network, computers must be equipped with wireless network adapters. These are often built right into the computer, but if not, just about any computer or notebook can be made wireless-capable through the use of an add-on adapter plugged into an empty expansion slot, USB port, or in the case of notebooks, a PC Card slot. 4. A common misconception connected with a wireless network is that the term Wi-Fi is short for wireless fidelity, however not since 1999 has the Wi-Fi Alliance officially used the term wireless fidelity. Wi-Fi is simply a brand name and a registered trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance. The term Wi-Fi is a play on the term Hi-Fi, which is short for high-fidelity, but Wi-Fi is not actually short for wireless fidelity.

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It is more expensive to create a wired network than a wireless one.

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COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY

1. Information system is an integrated set of components for collecting, storing, processing, and communicating information. Business firms, other organizations, and individuals in modem society rely on information systems to manage their operations, compete in the marketplace, supply services, and augment personal lives. For instance, modem corporations rely on computerized information systems to process financial accounts and manage human resources; government relies on information systems to provide basic services to its citizens; and individuals use information systems to study, shop, ban!;, and invest.

2. As major new technologies for recording and processing information have been invented, new* capabilities have appeared. The invention of movable type in the mid-15th century and the creation of the portable typewriter at the end of the 19th century are but two examples. Each of these inventions led to a revolution in the ability to record and process information.

3. The first large-scale mechanized information system was Herman Hollerith's census tabulator. Hollerith's machine represented a major step in automation, as well as an inspiration to develop computerized information systems. One of the first computers used for such information processing was die UNIVAC I, installed in the U.S. Bureau of the Census in 1951 for administrative use. Beginning in the 1970s, personal computers brought some of the advantages of information systems to small businesses and to individuals, and the invention of the World Wide Web in the early 1990s accelerated the creation of an open global computer network. 4. As information systems have enabled more diverse human activities, they have a profound influence over society. These systems have quickened daily activities, affected the structure and mix of organizations, changed the type of products bought, and influenced the nature of work. Information and knowledge have become vital economic resources.

(Encyclopedia Britannic a)

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Computers are widely used in every day life of the modem society.

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